Mayflower DNA - User contributions [en]

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-09-14T10:48:59Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Summary of findings */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Completed as of September 1, 2026===
* Another patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has Big Y-700 tested. As of this date his raw results are still pending, but it has been determined that he, and the other Pilgrim John Howland descendant have tested positive for subclade R1b-A9708>FTA35340. The Y-DNA descendants of Arthur and Henry are all negative for this subclade. The two Big Y-700 testers of Pilgrim John Howland descend from different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez) so this proves the FTA35340 mutation first occurred in Pilgrim John Howland himself. The Pilgrim John Howland descendant who tested with the older Big Y-500 test did not show up as being positive for FTA35340 simply because this mutation is in a region of the Y-Chromosome not covered by the older Big Y-500 test, but is covered by the newer Big Y-700 test.

===Still to do as of September 1, 2026===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. Two individuals (one with the Howland surname while the other with a Baker surname have Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. Traditional "paper-trail" genealogical research have discovered their common ancestry in Kent, England. These individuals are somehow patrilineally related to Henry Howland of Fen Stanton, but exactly how they are related has not been determind.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
'''Isaac Howland (1659-1724)'''
'''Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)'''
'''''poss.'' Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)'''<ref>The parentage of Crocker Howland has not been proven with 100% certainty. However, evidence does point to either Benjamin or (less likely) his brother Samuel was Crocker's father.</ref>
'''Crocker Howland (c1765-1801)'''
'''Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)'''
'''James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)'''
'''Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)'''
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''R-FTA35340'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland<ref>One of these two took the older Big Y-500 test.</ref><ref>There is a third Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim John Howland who has taken the Big Y-700 test, but the individual is deceased, and the test failed Quality Control.</ref>, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants<ref>All three descend from Arthur>Arthur>Thomas>Samuel so this subclade may not include all Arthur Howland Y-DNA descendants.</ref> have all tested positive for FT62874 and FT62411 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for these SNPs.

Recently, the one published Big Y-700 result from a descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has had their haplogroup updated from A9708 (which is the haplogroup which also contains Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, Arthur & Henry) to FTA35340. It is believed this assignment was due to a "failed" Big Y-700 test of a 20 year old DNA sample of an individual who died in 2018. While this sample failed the Quality Control protocols set up by FTDNA, it did produce some results, which apparently included the FTA35340 positive SNP result.

This result is significant, as the two Big Y-700 testers descend from two different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez). The Big Y test results indicate where Pilgrim John Howland was the first male to have this mutation and that all of his Y-DNA descendants will have the mutation, while the Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers (Arthur and Henry) are negative for this SNP. Thus this SNP result indicate a person patrilineally descends from Pilgrim John Howland.



===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (€3.00 for the DNA sample kit and €19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before the birth of Henry Howland circa 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have taken the updated Big Y-700 test. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants share one SNP (FTA35340) which is not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brother. The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA falls under I-FTD60129 based on Big Y-700 test results.

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA falls under I2-FT159479 based on Big Y-700 test results of two descendants.

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland). Y-DNA falls under R-BY18871 based on Big Y-700 test results for nine descendants.

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham). To date no known patrilineal descendants of Thomas Baxter have Y-DNA tested.

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-09-14T10:46:59Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Usefulness of Big Y and Y-Elite tests */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Completed as of September 1, 2026===
* Another patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has Big Y-700 tested. As of this date his raw results are still pending, but it has been determined that he, and the other Pilgrim John Howland descendant have tested positive for subclade R1b-A9708>FTA35340. The Y-DNA descendants of Arthur and Henry are all negative for this subclade. The two Big Y-700 testers of Pilgrim John Howland descend from different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez) so this proves the FTA35340 mutation first occurred in Pilgrim John Howland himself. The Pilgrim John Howland descendant who tested with the older Big Y-500 test did not show up as being positive for FTA35340 simply because this mutation is in a region of the Y-Chromosome not covered by the older Big Y-500 test, but is covered by the newer Big Y-700 test.

===Still to do as of September 1, 2026===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. Two individuals (one with the Howland surname while the other with a Baker surname have Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. Traditional "paper-trail" genealogical research have discovered their common ancestry in Kent, England. These individuals are somehow patrilineally related to Henry Howland of Fen Stanton, but exactly how they are related has not been determind.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
'''Isaac Howland (1659-1724)'''
'''Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)'''
'''''poss.'' Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)'''<ref>The parentage of Crocker Howland has not been proven with 100% certainty. However, evidence does point to either Benjamin or (less likely) his brother Samuel was Crocker's father.</ref>
'''Crocker Howland (c1765-1801)'''
'''Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)'''
'''James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)'''
'''Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)'''
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''R-FTA35340'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland<ref>One of these two took the older Big Y-500 test.</ref><ref>There is a third Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim John Howland who has taken the Big Y-700 test, but the individual is deceased, and the test failed Quality Control.</ref>, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants<ref>All three descend from Arthur>Arthur>Thomas>Samuel so this subclade may not include all Arthur Howland Y-DNA descendants.</ref> have all tested positive for FT62874 and FT62411 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for these SNPs.

Recently, the one published Big Y-700 result from a descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has had their haplogroup updated from A9708 (which is the haplogroup which also contains Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, Arthur & Henry) to FTA35340. It is believed this assignment was due to a "failed" Big Y-700 test of a 20 year old DNA sample of an individual who died in 2018. While this sample failed the Quality Control protocols set up by FTDNA, it did produce some results, which apparently included the FTA35340 positive SNP result.

This result is significant, as the two Big Y-700 testers descend from two different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez). The Big Y test results indicate where Pilgrim John Howland was the first male to have this mutation and that all of his Y-DNA descendants will have the mutation, while the Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers (Arthur and Henry) are negative for this SNP. Thus this SNP result indicate a person patrilineally descends from Pilgrim John Howland.



===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (€3.00 for the DNA sample kit and €19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before the birth of Henry Howland circa 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA falls under I-FTD60129 based on Big Y-700 test results.

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA falls under I2-FT159479 based on Big Y-700 test results of two descendants.

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland). Y-DNA falls under R-BY18871 based on Big Y-700 test results for nine descendants.

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham). To date no known patrilineal descendants of Thomas Baxter have Y-DNA tested.

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-09-14T10:44:43Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Completed as of September 1, 2026===
* Another patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has Big Y-700 tested. As of this date his raw results are still pending, but it has been determined that he, and the other Pilgrim John Howland descendant have tested positive for subclade R1b-A9708>FTA35340. The Y-DNA descendants of Arthur and Henry are all negative for this subclade. The two Big Y-700 testers of Pilgrim John Howland descend from different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez) so this proves the FTA35340 mutation first occurred in Pilgrim John Howland himself. The Pilgrim John Howland descendant who tested with the older Big Y-500 test did not show up as being positive for FTA35340 simply because this mutation is in a region of the Y-Chromosome not covered by the older Big Y-500 test, but is covered by the newer Big Y-700 test.

===Still to do as of September 1, 2026===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. Two individuals (one with the Howland surname while the other with a Baker surname have Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. Traditional "paper-trail" genealogical research have discovered their common ancestry in Kent, England. These individuals are somehow patrilineally related to Henry Howland of Fen Stanton, but exactly how they are related has not been determind.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
'''Isaac Howland (1659-1724)'''
'''Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)'''
'''''poss.'' Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)'''<ref>The parentage of Crocker Howland has not been proven with 100% certainty. However, evidence does point to either Benjamin or (less likely) his brother Samuel was Crocker's father.</ref>
'''Crocker Howland (c1765-1801)'''
'''Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)'''
'''James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)'''
'''Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)'''
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''R-FTA35340'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland<ref>One of these two took the older Big Y-500 test.</ref><ref>There is a third Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim John Howland who has taken the Big Y-700 test, but the individual is deceased, and the test failed Quality Control.</ref>, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants<ref>All three descend from Arthur>Arthur>Thomas>Samuel so this subclade may not include all Arthur Howland Y-DNA descendants.</ref> have all tested positive for FT62874 and FT62411 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for these SNPs.

Recently, the one published Big Y-700 result from a descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has had their haplogroup updated from A9708 (which is the haplogroup which also contains Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, Arthur & Henry) to FTA35340. It is believed this assignment was due to a "failed" Big Y-700 test of a 20 year old DNA sample of an individual who died in 2018. While this sample failed the Quality Control protocols set up by FTDNA, it did produce some results, which apparently included the FTA35340 positive SNP result.

This result is significant, as the two Big Y-700 testers descend from two different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez). The Big Y test results indicate where Pilgrim John Howland was the first male to have this mutation and that all of his Y-DNA descendants will have the mutation, while the Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers (Arthur and Henry) are negative for this SNP. Thus this SNP result indicate a person patrilineally descends from Pilgrim John Howland.



===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (€3.00 for the DNA sample kit and €19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA falls under I-FTD60129 based on Big Y-700 test results.

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA falls under I2-FT159479 based on Big Y-700 test results of two descendants.

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland). Y-DNA falls under R-BY18871 based on Big Y-700 test results for nine descendants.

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham). To date no known patrilineal descendants of Thomas Baxter have Y-DNA tested.

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-09-14T10:42:07Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Lineage of tested descendants */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Completed as of September 1, 2026===
* Another patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has Big Y-700 tested. As of this date his raw results are still pending, but it has been determined that he, and the other Pilgrim John Howland descendant have tested positive for subclade R1b-A9708>FTA35340. The Y-DNA descendants of Arthur and Henry are all negative for this subclade. The two Big Y-700 testers of Pilgrim John Howland descend from different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez) so this proves the FTA35340 mutation first occurred in Pilgrim John Howland himself. The Pilgrim John Howland descendant who tested with the older Big Y-500 test did not show up as being positive for FTA35340 simply because this mutation is in a region of the Y-Chromosome not covered by the older Big Y-500 test, but is covered by the newer Big Y-700 test.

===Still to do as of September 1, 2026===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. Two individuals (one with the Howland surname while the other with a Baker surname have Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. Traditional "paper-trail" genealogical research have discovered their common ancestry in Kent, England. These individuals are somehow patrilineally related to Henry Howland of Fen Stanton, but exactly how they are related has not been determind.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
'''Isaac Howland (1659-1724)'''
'''Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)'''
'''''poss.'' Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)'''<ref>The parentage of Crocker Howland has not been proven with 100% certainty. However, evidence does point to either Benjamin or (less likely) his brother Samuel was Crocker's father.</ref>
'''Crocker Howland (c1765-1801)'''
'''Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)'''
'''James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)'''
'''Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)'''
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''R-FTA35340'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland<ref>One of these two took the older Big Y-500 test.</ref><ref>There is a third Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim John Howland who has taken the Big Y-700 test, but the individual is deceased, and the test failed Quality Control.</ref>, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants<ref>All three descend from Arthur>Arthur>Thomas>Samuel so this subclade may not include all Arthur Howland Y-DNA descendants.</ref> have all tested positive for FT62874 and FT62411 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for these SNPs.

Recently, the one published Big Y-700 result from a descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has had their haplogroup updated from A9708 (which is the haplogroup which also contains Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, Arthur & Henry) to FTA35340. It is believed this assignment was due to a "failed" Big Y-700 test of a 20 year old DNA sample of an individual who died in 2018. While this sample failed the Quality Control protocols set up by FTDNA, it did produce some results, which apparently included the FTA35340 positive SNP result.

This result is significant, as the two Big Y-700 testers descend from two different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez). The Big Y test results indicate where Pilgrim John Howland was the first male to have this mutation and that all of his Y-DNA descendants will have the mutation, while the Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers (Arthur and Henry) are negative for this SNP. Thus this SNP result indicate a person patrilineally descends from Pilgrim John Howland.



===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA falls under I-FTD60129 based on Big Y-700 test results.

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA falls under I2-FT159479 based on Big Y-700 test results of two descendants.

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland). Y-DNA falls under R-BY18871 based on Big Y-700 test results for nine descendants.

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham). To date no known patrilineal descendants of Thomas Baxter have Y-DNA tested.

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-09-14T10:37:59Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Background */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Completed as of September 1, 2026===
* Another patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has Big Y-700 tested. As of this date his raw results are still pending, but it has been determined that he, and the other Pilgrim John Howland descendant have tested positive for subclade R1b-A9708>FTA35340. The Y-DNA descendants of Arthur and Henry are all negative for this subclade. The two Big Y-700 testers of Pilgrim John Howland descend from different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez) so this proves the FTA35340 mutation first occurred in Pilgrim John Howland himself. The Pilgrim John Howland descendant who tested with the older Big Y-500 test did not show up as being positive for FTA35340 simply because this mutation is in a region of the Y-Chromosome not covered by the older Big Y-500 test, but is covered by the newer Big Y-700 test.

===Still to do as of September 1, 2026===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. Two individuals (one with the Howland surname while the other with a Baker surname have Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. Traditional "paper-trail" genealogical research have discovered their common ancestry in Kent, England. These individuals are somehow patrilineally related to Henry Howland of Fen Stanton, but exactly how they are related has not been determind.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
Isaac Howland (1659-1724)
Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)
Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)
Charles CROCKER Howland (c1765-1801)
Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)
James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)
Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''R-FTA35340'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland<ref>One of these two took the older Big Y-500 test.</ref><ref>There is a third Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim John Howland who has taken the Big Y-700 test, but the individual is deceased, and the test failed Quality Control.</ref>, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants<ref>All three descend from Arthur>Arthur>Thomas>Samuel so this subclade may not include all Arthur Howland Y-DNA descendants.</ref> have all tested positive for FT62874 and FT62411 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for these SNPs.

Recently, the one published Big Y-700 result from a descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has had their haplogroup updated from A9708 (which is the haplogroup which also contains Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, Arthur & Henry) to FTA35340. It is believed this assignment was due to a "failed" Big Y-700 test of a 20 year old DNA sample of an individual who died in 2018. While this sample failed the Quality Control protocols set up by FTDNA, it did produce some results, which apparently included the FTA35340 positive SNP result.

This result is significant, as the two Big Y-700 testers descend from two different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez). The Big Y test results indicate where Pilgrim John Howland was the first male to have this mutation and that all of his Y-DNA descendants will have the mutation, while the Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers (Arthur and Henry) are negative for this SNP. Thus this SNP result indicate a person patrilineally descends from Pilgrim John Howland.



===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA falls under I-FTD60129 based on Big Y-700 test results.

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA falls under I2-FT159479 based on Big Y-700 test results of two descendants.

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland). Y-DNA falls under R-BY18871 based on Big Y-700 test results for nine descendants.

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham). To date no known patrilineal descendants of Thomas Baxter have Y-DNA tested.

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-09-14T10:32:17Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Status summary */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Completed as of September 1, 2026===
* Another patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has Big Y-700 tested. As of this date his raw results are still pending, but it has been determined that he, and the other Pilgrim John Howland descendant have tested positive for subclade R1b-A9708>FTA35340. The Y-DNA descendants of Arthur and Henry are all negative for this subclade. The two Big Y-700 testers of Pilgrim John Howland descend from different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez) so this proves the FTA35340 mutation first occurred in Pilgrim John Howland himself. The Pilgrim John Howland descendant who tested with the older Big Y-500 test did not show up as being positive for FTA35340 simply because this mutation is in a region of the Y-Chromosome not covered by the older Big Y-500 test, but is covered by the newer Big Y-700 test.

===Still to do as of September 1, 2026===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. One individual with a Baker surname has Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. He lists his Most Distant Known Patrilineal Ancestor (MDKPA) as Frederick Baker, born 1850. Research has indicated where this Frederick Baker was baptized at Newnham, Kent, England on 10 Nov 1850. The record did not name a father, but gave his mother's name as Charlotte Baker. Census records indicate where she was unmarried when Frederick was born. Census records also indicate where a James Howland was living in Newnham, age 22 in the UK 1851 Census. He was listed as a servant and living in the household of Thomas Baker Elvy who was named after Thomas Baker, the latter was apparently was an uncle to Charlotte.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
Isaac Howland (1659-1724)
Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)
Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)
Charles CROCKER Howland (c1765-1801)
Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)
James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)
Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''R-FTA35340'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland<ref>One of these two took the older Big Y-500 test.</ref><ref>There is a third Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim John Howland who has taken the Big Y-700 test, but the individual is deceased, and the test failed Quality Control.</ref>, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants<ref>All three descend from Arthur>Arthur>Thomas>Samuel so this subclade may not include all Arthur Howland Y-DNA descendants.</ref> have all tested positive for FT62874 and FT62411 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for these SNPs.

Recently, the one published Big Y-700 result from a descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has had their haplogroup updated from A9708 (which is the haplogroup which also contains Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, Arthur & Henry) to FTA35340. It is believed this assignment was due to a "failed" Big Y-700 test of a 20 year old DNA sample of an individual who died in 2018. While this sample failed the Quality Control protocols set up by FTDNA, it did produce some results, which apparently included the FTA35340 positive SNP result.

This result is significant, as the two Big Y-700 testers descend from two different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez). The Big Y test results indicate where Pilgrim John Howland was the first male to have this mutation and that all of his Y-DNA descendants will have the mutation, while the Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers (Arthur and Henry) are negative for this SNP. Thus this SNP result indicate a person patrilineally descends from Pilgrim John Howland.



===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA falls under I-FTD60129 based on Big Y-700 test results.

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA falls under I2-FT159479 based on Big Y-700 test results of two descendants.

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland). Y-DNA falls under R-BY18871 based on Big Y-700 test results for nine descendants.

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham). To date no known patrilineal descendants of Thomas Baxter have Y-DNA tested.

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Rogers (Y-DNA)

2026-09-10T13:30:56Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Paper trail */

==Status summary==
As of January 16, 2017:
* ''Y Elite'' test results for Thomas Rogers descendant (kit '''N8S52''', tested previously as kit #197102) completed.
* Reruiting for additional patrilineal (all male) descendants to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|Read me First]]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/ Thomas Rogers Society] contacted

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', The Thomas Rogers Society, Inc. ''Thomas Rogers, Pilgrim, and Some of his Descendants'' (privately pub. 1980) and [https://directory.thomasrogerssociety.com/g1/p1.htm#i1 Pilgrim Thomas Rogers Society Genealogy database]. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-171 '''Thomas Rogers'''] was born prob. at Watford, Northampton, England<ref>where his parents lived and where he was married.</ref> about 1572,<ref>Estimate, based on date of marriage.</ref> the son of William and Ellenor (_____) Rogers.<ref>''The Genealogist'' 10:142-43 citing William's will.</ref> Thomas died at Plymouth during the "general sickness" of the first winter (1620-1).<ref>[http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/Maydeaths.html Mayflower passenger deaths 1620-1621].</ref> He married at Watford 24 Oct 1597<ref>''The Genealogist''. 10:145</ref> [[Cosford (mtDNA) |Alice Cosford]], baptized at Watford 10 May 1573, daughter of George & Margaret Cosford.<ref>ibid., p. 146</ref> It is believed she died in Leiden sometime after 1622.<ref>TAG 52:110-13</ref> Thomas and his son Joseph came over on the ''Mayflower'' in 1620, the other children (but not the mother) are said (by Gov. Bradford) to have "came over & are maried & have many children."<ref>[https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society website].</ref> Other than son John, the other children who "came over" have never been identified.

Thomas Rogers and Alice Cosford had six children baptized at Watford: Thomas (1598/9-1599), Richard (1599/1600-1600), Joseph (1603), John (1606), [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Elizabeth]] (1609) and [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Margaret]] (1613).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-12 '''Joseph Rogers'''] was baptized at Watford 23 Jan 1602/3<ref>TG 10:140</ref> and died at Eastham between 2-15 Jan 1677/8.<ref>Will & Inventory from MD 3:67-70</ref> He was the only child of Thomas to travel with him aboard the ''Mayflower.'' Joseph married sometime abt 1632<ref>First child born in Aug 1633.</ref>. It is believed [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA) |Hannah _____]] was his only wife, but there is nothing to state definitively she was the mother of any/all of his children. Joseph had eight children, recorded (but not necessarily born) in the Sandwich, MA Vital Records: Sarah (died young), Joseph, Thomas, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]], John, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation#ROGERS |Mary]], James, and [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-13 John Rogers] was baptized at Watford 6 Apr 1606, and died at Duxbury about 1692. He married [[Churchman (mtDNA) |Anna Churchman]] and they had four children: John, [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |(H)Anna]], [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Abigail]] and [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]]

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-100 Joseph Rogers (II)] was born 19 Jul 1635 (probably at Duxbury) and died at Eastham 27 Dec 1660. He married Eastham 4 Apr 1660 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Susanna Deane]]. They had no children and his widow married second, 28 Oct 1663 to [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Stephen Snow]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-487 Thomas Rogers] was born 29 Mar 1638 (probably at Duxbury) and died (probably at Eastham) between 5 Mar 1677/8 - 7 Aug 1678. He married Eastham 13 Dec 1665 [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Snow]]. They had seven children: Elizabeth (1666), Joseph (1667/8), Hannah (1669), Thomas (1670/1-1670/1), Thomas (1672), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8531 Eleazer] (1673 m [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruhamah Willis]]) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8532 Nathaniel] (1675/6 unm.) To date, no patrilineal (Y-DNA) descendant of this Thomas Rogers have done any Y-DNA testing.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1184 '''John Rogers'''] was born 3 Apr 1642 (probably at Duxbury) and died Eastham between 27 Apr 1713 - 10 Aug 1714. He married Eastham 19 Aug 1669 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Twining]]. They had nine children: Samuel (1671-1671), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-6731 '''John'''] (1672 m Priscilla Hamblin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1181 Judah] (1677 m Patience Lombard), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1180 Joseph] (1679/80 m Mercy Crisp), Elizabeth (1682), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1178 '''Eleazer'''] (1685 m Martha Young), Mehitable (1687), Hannah (1689) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-7245 Nathaniel] (1693 m Elizabeth Crosby & Silence Dimmock). Big Y testing of multiple patrilineal descendants of John have determined where John was the first individual to have the R-FGC59541 mutation. Thus everyone who falls under this clade '''must''' be a patrilineal descendant of this John Rogers.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-2756 '''James Rogers'''] was born Duxbury 18 Oct 1648 and died Eastham 13 Apr 1678. He married Eastham 11 Jan 1670[/1?] [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Mary Paine]] and they had three children (born Eastham): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1206 '''James'''] (1673 m [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Susanna Tracy]]), Mary (1675) and Abigail (1677/8).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-19 John Rogers (II)] was born (probably at Duxbury) about 1640 and died Barrington, RI on 28 Jun 1732. He married three times, first Duxbury, Nov 1666 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Pabodie]]. She was the mother of all of his children. He married second Hingham 21 Nov 1679 Hannah Hobart and third aft 22 Mar 1692/3 to Marah Cobham. By his first wife, John had five children: Hannah, John (1670-1696 app. never married), Elizabeth, Ruth and Sarah. Thus, there are no surviving Y-DNA (patrilineal) descendants of John2 Rogers.

===Fourth Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1005 Joseph Rogers] was born Eastham 1 Feb 1667/8 and died there 24 Apr 1696. He married bef 1691 Prudence _____<ref>After Joseph's death, Prudence married Eastham 25 Oct 1700 Michael Atwood.</ref> and they had three children (Eastham): Sarah (1691), Elizabeth (1693) and Joseph (c1695, likely died young.<ref>His mother and her second husband (Michael Atwood) had a son named Joseph in 1701.</ref> Thus, no known surviving patrilineal/Y-DNA line.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-25524 Thomas Rogers] born Eastham 6 May 1672 and died Middletown, CT 23 Sep 1749. He married twice, first Eastham 10 Dec 1700 Sarah Treat then Eastham 11 Feb 1730/1 Rebecca Sparrow, widow of Joseph Collins (no children by this second wife). By his first wife Thomas had: Sarah (1701), Phebe (1703), Elizabeth (1706), Lucy (1708), Hannah (1710), Thomas (1712 m), Joseph (1715-1728) and Huldah (1717).

Eleazer Rogers was born Eastham 3 Nov 1673 and died aft 10 Dec 1739 Plymouth. He married bef 1692 Ruhamah Willis and they had nine children (Plymouth): Elizabeth (1698), Thomas (1701), Hannah (1703), Experience (dau. 1707), Eleazer (1710 no further record), Willis (dau, 1711-1717), Abijah (1714), Moriah (1716-1723/4) and Ruth (d. 1720).

John Rogers was born Eastham 4 Nov 1672 and died Harwich 10 Jan 1738/9. He married twice, first Eastham 23 Apr 1696 Priscilla Hamblin then Harwich 18 Apr 1728 Sarah Williams, widow of John Nickerson (no children by second wife). By his first wife he had eight children (Harwich): Ebenezer (1697/8), Thankful (1699), John (1701), Jonathan (1703), Benjamin (1704), Sarah (1706), Joseph (1708) and Priscilla.

Judah Rogers born Eastham 23 Nov 1677 and died there between 28 Mar 1738 - 8 Nov 1739 (will-probate). He married Barnstable 6 Apr 1704 Patience Lombard and they had four children (prob. Harwich): Judah (1704), Mary (1706), Patience (1710) and Hannah (bp 1717).

Joseph Rogers born Eastham 22 Feb 1679 and died there bet. 23 May 1746 - 4 Aug 1757 (will-probate). He married twice, first Eastham 13 Oct 1703 Mercy Crisp then Eastham 13 Apr 1739 Sarah Hamilton, widow of Theodore Harding (no children by this second marriage). By his first wife he had three children (Eastham): Crisp (1704/5), Elkanah (1706/7) and Martha (1708/9).

Eleazer Rogers born Eastham 19 May 1685 and died Harwich bet 20 Apr 1759 - 6 May 1760 (will-probate). She married Eastham 22 Aug 1712 Martha Young and they had eight children (Harwich): Henry (1713), Elizabeth (1715), Mercy (1718), Moses (1720/1), Martha (1723/4), Eleazer (1726), Ensign (1729) and Daniel (1732 no ch.)

Nathaniel Rogers born Eastham 3 Oct 1693 and living Middletown, CT 25 Jun 1743. He married twice, first Harwich 1 Feb 1715/6 Elizabeth Crosby then Harwich 1 Feb 1721/2 Silance Dimmock. By his first wife he had two children (Eastham): Sarah (1717 no further record) and Elizabeth (1718/9). By his second wife he had eight more children: Nehemiah (1723 no further record), Ruth (1725), Jabez (1727), Temperance (1729 no further record), Mehitable (1731), Sarah (1735), Nathaniel (1738 no further record) and John (1741).

<references />

==DNA Results '''FGC59523'''==
Since the Y-DNA line of John2 Rogers (son of Thomas) died out in the fourth generation, the only surviving Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers come from his son, Joseph.
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Previous Y-STR testing through the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project], the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=ydna-results-overview Rogers/Rodgers DNA Project]<ref>Two subgroups of this project list Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. One is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13>Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FGC59523 (Isles - Keltic) while the other is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13> Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FT260099 (Isles-Keltic)</ref> and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ydna-results-overview Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have identified a Y-STR haplotype for the ''Mayflower'' Rogers lineage and has determined that the lineage belongs to the R1b-M269 Y-DNA haplogroup,<ref>http://www.rogersdna.com/geddna/relationship.php</ref>.

===NGS/WGS testing===
One member of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=yresults My Rogers Family Tree DNA Project]<ref>FTDNA kit #197102</ref> has stated they are a Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. They also agreed to have a FGC Y-Elite test completed.<ref>Full Genomes Kit #N8S52</ref> In addition, several members of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ycolorized Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have taken Big Y tests. The results of these tests documents where the Rogers family falls under: R1b-P312>>L21>DF13>>Z253>FGC3268>>BY43439>BY4303>FGC59516>FGC59544>FGC59535>FGC59536>FGC59523.

Furthermore, subclades of FGC59523 are being identified, falling under the male Y-DNA descendants of Joseph2 Rogers.

===SNP mutation tree===
[[File:Rogers SNP Mutation tree.jpg|1600px]]

===Data downloads===
* [https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1ihG_t_s-HAbWJsOWxFS2ZMYjA N8S52 Y Elite] ''BAM file uploaded''

<references />

==External links and References==
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 87-90
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. Second edition 2013
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/thomas-rogersofthe-mayflower/about Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project]
* [http://thomasrogerssociety.com Thomas Rogers Society]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society biography of Thomas]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-descendants-surname-index/ Thomas Rogers descendants from Thomas Rogers Society]
* ''The Genealogist'' 10 [1989]: 138-49 "The English Ancestry of the Pilgrim Thomas Rogers and His Wife Alice (Cosford) Rogers," by Clifford L. Scott
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-FT260099/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-16 WikiTree profile for Thomas Rogers]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-rogers-family/ The Rogers Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Rogers (Y-DNA)

2026-09-10T12:10:25Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Fourth Generation */

==Status summary==
As of January 16, 2017:
* ''Y Elite'' test results for Thomas Rogers descendant (kit '''N8S52''', tested previously as kit #197102) completed.
* Reruiting for additional patrilineal (all male) descendants to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|Read me First]]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/ Thomas Rogers Society] contacted

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', The Thomas Rogers Society, Inc. ''Thomas Rogers, Pilgrim, and Some of his Descendants'' (privately pub. 1980) and [https://directory.thomasrogerssociety.com/g1/p1.htm#i1 Pilgrim Thomas Rogers Society Genealogy database]. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-171 '''Thomas Rogers'''] was born prob. at Watford, Northampton, England<ref>where his parents lived and where he was married.</ref> about 1572,<ref>Estimate, based on date of marriage.</ref> the son of William and Ellenor (_____) Rogers.<ref>''The Genealogist'' 10:142-43 citing William's will.</ref> Thomas died at Plymouth during the "general sickness" of the first winter (1620-1).<ref>[http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/Maydeaths.html Mayflower passenger deaths 1620-1621].</ref> He married at Watford 24 Oct 1597<ref>''The Genealogist''. 10:145</ref> [[Cosford (mtDNA) |Alice Cosford]], baptized at Watford 10 May 1573, daughter of George & Margaret Cosford.<ref>ibid., p. 146</ref> It is believed she died in Leiden sometime after 1622.<ref>TAG 52:110-13</ref> Thomas and his son Joseph came over on the ''Mayflower'' in 1620, the other children (but not the mother) are said (by Gov. Bradford) to have "came over & are maried & have many children."<ref>[https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society website].</ref> Other than son John, the other children who "came over" have never been identified.

Thomas Rogers and Alice Cosford had six children baptized at Watford: Thomas (1598/9-1599), Richard (1599/1600-1600), Joseph (1603), John (1606), [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Elizabeth]] (1609) and [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Margaret]] (1613).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-12 '''Joseph Rogers'''] was baptized at Watford 23 Jan 1602/3<ref>TG 10:140</ref> and died at Eastham between 2-15 Jan 1677/8.<ref>Will & Inventory from MD 3:67-70</ref> He was the only child of Thomas to travel with him aboard the ''Mayflower.'' Joseph married sometime abt 1632<ref>First child born in Aug 1633.</ref>. It is believed [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA) |Hannah _____]] was his only wife, but there is nothing to state definitively she was the mother of any/all of his children. Joseph had eight children, recorded (but not necessarily born) in the Sandwich, MA Vital Records: Sarah (died young), Joseph, Thomas, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]], John, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation#ROGERS |Mary]], James, and [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-13 John Rogers] was baptized at Watford 6 Apr 1606, and died at Duxbury about 1692. He married [[Churchman (mtDNA) |Anna Churchman]] and they had four children: John, [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |(H)Anna]], [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Abigail]] and [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]]

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-100 Joseph Rogers (II)] was born 19 Jul 1635 (probably at Duxbury) and died at Eastham 27 Dec 1660. He married Eastham 4 Apr 1660 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Susanna Deane]]. They had no children and his widow married second, 28 Oct 1663 to [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Stephen Snow]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-487 Thomas Rogers] was born 29 Mar 1638 (probably at Duxbury) and died (probably at Eastham) between 5 Mar 1677/8 - 7 Aug 1678. He married Eastham 13 Dec 1665 [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Snow]]. They had seven children: Elizabeth (1666), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1005 Joseph] (1667/8 m Prudence ___ likely no surviving Y-DNA line<ref>Joseph and Prudence had a son, Joseph, born bef. 1696, no further record. Widow Prudence married Machiel Atwood and had a son Joseph in 1701.</ref>), Hannah (1669), Thomas (1670/1-1670/1), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-25524 Thomas] (1672 m Sarah Treat, likely no surviving Y-DNA line), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8531 Eleazer] (1673 m [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruhamah Willis]]) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8532 Nathaniel] (1675/6 unm.) To date, no patrilineal (Y-DNA) descendant of this Thomas Rogers have done any Y-DNA testing.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1184 '''John Rogers'''] was born 3 Apr 1642 (probably at Duxbury) and died Eastham between 27 Apr 1713 - 10 Aug 1714. He married Eastham 19 Aug 1669 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Twining]]. They had nine children: Samuel (1671-1671), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-6731 '''John'''] (1672 m Priscilla Hamblin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1181 Judah] (1677 m Patience Lombard), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1180 Joseph] (1679/80 m Mercy Crisp), Elizabeth (1682), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1178 '''Eleazer'''] (1685 m Martha Young), Mehitable (1687), Hannah (1689) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-7245 Nathaniel] (1693 m Elizabeth Crosby & Silence Dimmock). Big Y testing of multiple patrilineal descendants of John have determined where John was the first individual to have the R-FGC59541 mutation. Thus everyone who falls under this clade '''must''' be a patrilineal descendant of this John Rogers.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-2756 '''James Rogers'''] was born Duxbury 18 Oct 1648 and died Eastham 13 Apr 1678. He married Eastham 11 Jan 1670[/1?] [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Mary Paine]] and they had three children (born Eastham): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1206 '''James'''] (1673 m [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Susanna Tracy]]), Mary (1675) and Abigail (1677/8).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-19 John Rogers (II)] was born (probably at Duxbury) about 1640 and died Barrington, RI on 28 Jun 1732. He married three times, first Duxbury, Nov 1666 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Pabodie]]. She was the mother of all of his children. He married second Hingham 21 Nov 1679 Hannah Hobart and third aft 22 Mar 1692/3 to Marah Cobham. By his first wife, John had five children: Hannah, John (1670-1696 app. never married), Elizabeth, Ruth and Sarah. Thus, there are no surviving Y-DNA (patrilineal) descendants of John2 Rogers.

===Fourth Generation===
Joseph Rogers was born Eastham 1 Feb 1667 and died there 24 Apr 1696. He married bef 1691 Prudence _____<ref>After Joseph's death, Prudence married Eastham 25 Oct 1700 Michael Atwood.</ref> and they had three children (Eastham): Sarah (1691), Elizabeth (1693) and Joseph (c1695, no further record).

Thomas Rogers born Eastham 6 May 1672 and died Middletown, CT 23 Sep 1749. He married twice, first Eastham 10 Dec 1700 Sarah Treat then Eastham 11 Feb 1730/1 Rebecca Sparrow (widow of Joseph Collins)(no children by this second wife). By his first wife Thomas had: Sarah (1701), Phebe (1703), Elizabeth (1706), Lucy (1708), Hannah (1710), Thomas (1712), Joseph (1715-1728) and Huldah (1717).

Eleazer Rogers was born Eastham 3 Nov 1673 and died aft 10 Dec 1739 Plymouth. He married bef 1692 Ruhamah Willis and they had nine children (Plymouth): Elizabeth (1698), Thomas (1701), Hannah (1703), Experience (dau. 1707), Eleazer (1710 no further record), Willis (dau, 1711-1717), Abijah (1714), Moriah (1716-1723/4) and Ruth (d. 1720).

John Rogers was born Eastham 4 Nov 1672 and died Harwich 10 Jan 1738/9. He married twice, first Eastham 23 Apr 1696 Priscilla Hamblin then Harwich 18 Apr 1728 Sarah Williams, widow of John Nickerson (no children by second wife). By his first wife he had eight children (Harwich): Ebenezer (1697/8), Thankful (1699), John (1701), Jonathan (1703), Benjamin (1704), Sarah (1706), Joseph (1708) and Priscilla.

Judah Rogers born Eastham 23 Nov 1677 and died there between 28 Mar 1738 - 8 Nov 1739 (will-probate). He married Barnstable 6 Apr 1704 Patience Lombard and they had four children (prob. Harwich): Judah (1704), Mary (1706), Patience (1710) and Hannah (bp 1717).

Joseph Rogers born Eastham 22 Feb 1679 and died there bet. 23 May 1746 - 4 Aug 1757 (will-probate). He married twice, first Eastham 13 Oct 1703 Mercy Crisp then Eastham 13 Apr 1739 Sarah Hamilton, widow of Theodore Harding (no children by this second marriage). By his first wife he had three children (Eastham): Crisp (1704/5), Elkanah (1706/7) and Martha (1708/9).

Eleazer Rogers born Eastham 19 May 1685 and died Harwich bet 20 Apr 1759 - 6 May 1760 (will-probate). She married Eastham 22 Aug 1712 Martha Young and they had eight children (Harwich): Henry (1713), Elizabeth (1715), Mercy (1718), Moses (1720/1), Martha (1723/4), Eleazer (1726), Ensign (1729) and Daniel (1732 no ch.)

Nathaniel Rogers born Eastham 3 Oct 1693 and living Middletown, CT 25 Jun 1743. He married twice, first Harwich 1 Feb 1715/6 Elizabeth Crosby then Harwich 1 Feb 1721/2 Silance Dimmock. By his first wife he had two children (Eastham): Sarah (1717 no further record) and Elizabeth (1718/9). By his second wife he had eight more children: Nehemiah (1723 no further record), Ruth (1725), Jabez (1727), Temperance (1729 no further record), Mehitable (1731), Sarah (1735), Nathaniel (1738 no further record) and John (1741).

<references />

==DNA Results '''FGC59523'''==
Since the Y-DNA line of John2 Rogers (son of Thomas) died out in the fourth generation, the only surviving Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers come from his son, Joseph.
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Previous Y-STR testing through the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project], the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=ydna-results-overview Rogers/Rodgers DNA Project]<ref>Two subgroups of this project list Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. One is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13>Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FGC59523 (Isles - Keltic) while the other is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13> Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FT260099 (Isles-Keltic)</ref> and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ydna-results-overview Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have identified a Y-STR haplotype for the ''Mayflower'' Rogers lineage and has determined that the lineage belongs to the R1b-M269 Y-DNA haplogroup,<ref>http://www.rogersdna.com/geddna/relationship.php</ref>.

===NGS/WGS testing===
One member of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=yresults My Rogers Family Tree DNA Project]<ref>FTDNA kit #197102</ref> has stated they are a Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. They also agreed to have a FGC Y-Elite test completed.<ref>Full Genomes Kit #N8S52</ref> In addition, several members of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ycolorized Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have taken Big Y tests. The results of these tests documents where the Rogers family falls under: R1b-P312>>L21>DF13>>Z253>FGC3268>>BY43439>BY4303>FGC59516>FGC59544>FGC59535>FGC59536>FGC59523.

Furthermore, subclades of FGC59523 are being identified, falling under the male Y-DNA descendants of Joseph2 Rogers.

===SNP mutation tree===
[[File:Rogers SNP Mutation tree.jpg|1600px]]

===Data downloads===
* [https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1ihG_t_s-HAbWJsOWxFS2ZMYjA N8S52 Y Elite] ''BAM file uploaded''

<references />

==External links and References==
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 87-90
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. Second edition 2013
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/thomas-rogersofthe-mayflower/about Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project]
* [http://thomasrogerssociety.com Thomas Rogers Society]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society biography of Thomas]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-descendants-surname-index/ Thomas Rogers descendants from Thomas Rogers Society]
* ''The Genealogist'' 10 [1989]: 138-49 "The English Ancestry of the Pilgrim Thomas Rogers and His Wife Alice (Cosford) Rogers," by Clifford L. Scott
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-FT260099/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-16 WikiTree profile for Thomas Rogers]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-rogers-family/ The Rogers Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Rogers (Y-DNA)

2026-09-10T11:23:50Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Fourth Generation */

==Status summary==
As of January 16, 2017:
* ''Y Elite'' test results for Thomas Rogers descendant (kit '''N8S52''', tested previously as kit #197102) completed.
* Reruiting for additional patrilineal (all male) descendants to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|Read me First]]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/ Thomas Rogers Society] contacted

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', The Thomas Rogers Society, Inc. ''Thomas Rogers, Pilgrim, and Some of his Descendants'' (privately pub. 1980) and [https://directory.thomasrogerssociety.com/g1/p1.htm#i1 Pilgrim Thomas Rogers Society Genealogy database]. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-171 '''Thomas Rogers'''] was born prob. at Watford, Northampton, England<ref>where his parents lived and where he was married.</ref> about 1572,<ref>Estimate, based on date of marriage.</ref> the son of William and Ellenor (_____) Rogers.<ref>''The Genealogist'' 10:142-43 citing William's will.</ref> Thomas died at Plymouth during the "general sickness" of the first winter (1620-1).<ref>[http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/Maydeaths.html Mayflower passenger deaths 1620-1621].</ref> He married at Watford 24 Oct 1597<ref>''The Genealogist''. 10:145</ref> [[Cosford (mtDNA) |Alice Cosford]], baptized at Watford 10 May 1573, daughter of George & Margaret Cosford.<ref>ibid., p. 146</ref> It is believed she died in Leiden sometime after 1622.<ref>TAG 52:110-13</ref> Thomas and his son Joseph came over on the ''Mayflower'' in 1620, the other children (but not the mother) are said (by Gov. Bradford) to have "came over & are maried & have many children."<ref>[https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society website].</ref> Other than son John, the other children who "came over" have never been identified.

Thomas Rogers and Alice Cosford had six children baptized at Watford: Thomas (1598/9-1599), Richard (1599/1600-1600), Joseph (1603), John (1606), [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Elizabeth]] (1609) and [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Margaret]] (1613).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-12 '''Joseph Rogers'''] was baptized at Watford 23 Jan 1602/3<ref>TG 10:140</ref> and died at Eastham between 2-15 Jan 1677/8.<ref>Will & Inventory from MD 3:67-70</ref> He was the only child of Thomas to travel with him aboard the ''Mayflower.'' Joseph married sometime abt 1632<ref>First child born in Aug 1633.</ref>. It is believed [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA) |Hannah _____]] was his only wife, but there is nothing to state definitively she was the mother of any/all of his children. Joseph had eight children, recorded (but not necessarily born) in the Sandwich, MA Vital Records: Sarah (died young), Joseph, Thomas, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]], John, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation#ROGERS |Mary]], James, and [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-13 John Rogers] was baptized at Watford 6 Apr 1606, and died at Duxbury about 1692. He married [[Churchman (mtDNA) |Anna Churchman]] and they had four children: John, [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |(H)Anna]], [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Abigail]] and [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]]

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-100 Joseph Rogers (II)] was born 19 Jul 1635 (probably at Duxbury) and died at Eastham 27 Dec 1660. He married Eastham 4 Apr 1660 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Susanna Deane]]. They had no children and his widow married second, 28 Oct 1663 to [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Stephen Snow]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-487 Thomas Rogers] was born 29 Mar 1638 (probably at Duxbury) and died (probably at Eastham) between 5 Mar 1677/8 - 7 Aug 1678. He married Eastham 13 Dec 1665 [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Snow]]. They had seven children: Elizabeth (1666), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1005 Joseph] (1667/8 m Prudence ___ likely no surviving Y-DNA line<ref>Joseph and Prudence had a son, Joseph, born bef. 1696, no further record. Widow Prudence married Machiel Atwood and had a son Joseph in 1701.</ref>), Hannah (1669), Thomas (1670/1-1670/1), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-25524 Thomas] (1672 m Sarah Treat, likely no surviving Y-DNA line), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8531 Eleazer] (1673 m [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruhamah Willis]]) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8532 Nathaniel] (1675/6 unm.) To date, no patrilineal (Y-DNA) descendant of this Thomas Rogers have done any Y-DNA testing.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1184 '''John Rogers'''] was born 3 Apr 1642 (probably at Duxbury) and died Eastham between 27 Apr 1713 - 10 Aug 1714. He married Eastham 19 Aug 1669 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Twining]]. They had nine children: Samuel (1671-1671), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-6731 '''John'''] (1672 m Priscilla Hamblin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1181 Judah] (1677 m Patience Lombard), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1180 Joseph] (1679/80 m Mercy Crisp), Elizabeth (1682), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1178 '''Eleazer'''] (1685 m Martha Young), Mehitable (1687), Hannah (1689) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-7245 Nathaniel] (1693 m Elizabeth Crosby & Silence Dimmock). Big Y testing of multiple patrilineal descendants of John have determined where John was the first individual to have the R-FGC59541 mutation. Thus everyone who falls under this clade '''must''' be a patrilineal descendant of this John Rogers.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-2756 '''James Rogers'''] was born Duxbury 18 Oct 1648 and died Eastham 13 Apr 1678. He married Eastham 11 Jan 1670[/1?] [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Mary Paine]] and they had three children (born Eastham): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1206 '''James'''] (1673 m [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Susanna Tracy]]), Mary (1675) and Abigail (1677/8).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-19 John Rogers (II)] was born (probably at Duxbury) about 1640 and died Barrington, RI on 28 Jun 1732. He married three times, first Duxbury, Nov 1666 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Pabodie]]. She was the mother of all of his children. He married second Hingham 21 Nov 1679 Hannah Hobart and third aft 22 Mar 1692/3 to Marah Cobham. By his first wife, John had five children: Hannah, John (1670-1696 app. never married), Elizabeth, Ruth and Sarah. Thus, there are no surviving Y-DNA (patrilineal) descendants of John2 Rogers.

===Fourth Generation===
Joseph Rogers was born Eastham 1 Feb 1667 and died there 24 Apr 1696. He married bef 1691 Prudence _____<ref>After Joseph's death, Prudence married Eastham 25 Oct 1700 Michael Atwood.</ref> and they had three children (Eastham): Sarah (1691), Elizabeth (1693) and Joseph (c1695, no further record).

Thomas Rogers born Eastham 6 May 1672 and died Middletown, CT 23 Sep 1749. He married twice, first Eastham 10 Dec 1700 Sarah Treat then Eastham 11 Feb 1730/1 Rebecca Sparrow (widow of Joseph Collins)(no children by this second wife). By his first wife Thomas had: Sarah (1701), Phebe (1703), Elizabeth (1706), Lucy (1708), Hannah (1710), Thomas (1712), Joseph (1715-1728) and Huldah (1717).

Eleazer Rogers was born Eastham 3 Nov 1673 and died aft 10 Dec 1739 Plymouth. He married bef 1692 Ruhamah Willis and they had nine children (Plymouth): Elizabeth (1698), Thomas (1701), Hannah (1703), Experience (dau. 1707), Eleazer (1710 no further record), Willis (dau, 1711-1717), Abijah (1714), Moriah (1716-1723/4) and Ruth (d. 1720).

John Rogers was born Eastham 4 Nov 1672 and died Harwich 10 Jan 1738/9. He married twice, first Eastham 23 Apr 1696 Priscilla Hamblin then Harwich 18 Apr 1728 Sarah Williams, widow of John Nickerson (no children by second wife). By his first wife he had eight children (Harwich): Ebenezer (1697/8), Thankful (1699), John (1701), Jonathan (1703), Benjamin (1704), Sarah (1706), Joseph (1708) and Priscilla.

Judah Rogers born Eastham 23 Nov 1677 and died there between 28 Mar 1738 - 8 Nov 1739 (will-probate). He married Barnstable 6 Apr 1704 Patience Lombard and they had four children (prob. Harwich): Judah (1704), Mary (1706), Patience (1710) and Hannah (bp 1717).

Joseph Rogers born Eastham 22 Feb 1679 and died there bet. 23 May 1746 - 4 Aug 1757 (will-probate). He married twice, first Eastham 13 Oct 1703 Mercy Crisp then Eastham 13 Apr 1739 Sarah Hamilton, widow of Theodore Harding (no children by this second marriage). By his first wife he had three children (Eastham): Crisp (1704/5), Elkanah (1706/7) and Martha (1708/9).

<references />

==DNA Results '''FGC59523'''==
Since the Y-DNA line of John2 Rogers (son of Thomas) died out in the fourth generation, the only surviving Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers come from his son, Joseph.
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Previous Y-STR testing through the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project], the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=ydna-results-overview Rogers/Rodgers DNA Project]<ref>Two subgroups of this project list Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. One is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13>Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FGC59523 (Isles - Keltic) while the other is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13> Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FT260099 (Isles-Keltic)</ref> and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ydna-results-overview Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have identified a Y-STR haplotype for the ''Mayflower'' Rogers lineage and has determined that the lineage belongs to the R1b-M269 Y-DNA haplogroup,<ref>http://www.rogersdna.com/geddna/relationship.php</ref>.

===NGS/WGS testing===
One member of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=yresults My Rogers Family Tree DNA Project]<ref>FTDNA kit #197102</ref> has stated they are a Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. They also agreed to have a FGC Y-Elite test completed.<ref>Full Genomes Kit #N8S52</ref> In addition, several members of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ycolorized Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have taken Big Y tests. The results of these tests documents where the Rogers family falls under: R1b-P312>>L21>DF13>>Z253>FGC3268>>BY43439>BY4303>FGC59516>FGC59544>FGC59535>FGC59536>FGC59523.

Furthermore, subclades of FGC59523 are being identified, falling under the male Y-DNA descendants of Joseph2 Rogers.

===SNP mutation tree===
[[File:Rogers SNP Mutation tree.jpg|1600px]]

===Data downloads===
* [https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1ihG_t_s-HAbWJsOWxFS2ZMYjA N8S52 Y Elite] ''BAM file uploaded''

<references />

==External links and References==
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 87-90
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. Second edition 2013
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/thomas-rogersofthe-mayflower/about Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project]
* [http://thomasrogerssociety.com Thomas Rogers Society]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society biography of Thomas]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-descendants-surname-index/ Thomas Rogers descendants from Thomas Rogers Society]
* ''The Genealogist'' 10 [1989]: 138-49 "The English Ancestry of the Pilgrim Thomas Rogers and His Wife Alice (Cosford) Rogers," by Clifford L. Scott
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-FT260099/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-16 WikiTree profile for Thomas Rogers]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-rogers-family/ The Rogers Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Rogers (Y-DNA)

2026-09-10T11:03:59Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Third Generation */

==Status summary==
As of January 16, 2017:
* ''Y Elite'' test results for Thomas Rogers descendant (kit '''N8S52''', tested previously as kit #197102) completed.
* Reruiting for additional patrilineal (all male) descendants to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|Read me First]]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/ Thomas Rogers Society] contacted

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', The Thomas Rogers Society, Inc. ''Thomas Rogers, Pilgrim, and Some of his Descendants'' (privately pub. 1980) and [https://directory.thomasrogerssociety.com/g1/p1.htm#i1 Pilgrim Thomas Rogers Society Genealogy database]. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-171 '''Thomas Rogers'''] was born prob. at Watford, Northampton, England<ref>where his parents lived and where he was married.</ref> about 1572,<ref>Estimate, based on date of marriage.</ref> the son of William and Ellenor (_____) Rogers.<ref>''The Genealogist'' 10:142-43 citing William's will.</ref> Thomas died at Plymouth during the "general sickness" of the first winter (1620-1).<ref>[http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/Maydeaths.html Mayflower passenger deaths 1620-1621].</ref> He married at Watford 24 Oct 1597<ref>''The Genealogist''. 10:145</ref> [[Cosford (mtDNA) |Alice Cosford]], baptized at Watford 10 May 1573, daughter of George & Margaret Cosford.<ref>ibid., p. 146</ref> It is believed she died in Leiden sometime after 1622.<ref>TAG 52:110-13</ref> Thomas and his son Joseph came over on the ''Mayflower'' in 1620, the other children (but not the mother) are said (by Gov. Bradford) to have "came over & are maried & have many children."<ref>[https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society website].</ref> Other than son John, the other children who "came over" have never been identified.

Thomas Rogers and Alice Cosford had six children baptized at Watford: Thomas (1598/9-1599), Richard (1599/1600-1600), Joseph (1603), John (1606), [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Elizabeth]] (1609) and [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Margaret]] (1613).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-12 '''Joseph Rogers'''] was baptized at Watford 23 Jan 1602/3<ref>TG 10:140</ref> and died at Eastham between 2-15 Jan 1677/8.<ref>Will & Inventory from MD 3:67-70</ref> He was the only child of Thomas to travel with him aboard the ''Mayflower.'' Joseph married sometime abt 1632<ref>First child born in Aug 1633.</ref>. It is believed [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA) |Hannah _____]] was his only wife, but there is nothing to state definitively she was the mother of any/all of his children. Joseph had eight children, recorded (but not necessarily born) in the Sandwich, MA Vital Records: Sarah (died young), Joseph, Thomas, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]], John, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation#ROGERS |Mary]], James, and [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-13 John Rogers] was baptized at Watford 6 Apr 1606, and died at Duxbury about 1692. He married [[Churchman (mtDNA) |Anna Churchman]] and they had four children: John, [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |(H)Anna]], [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Abigail]] and [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]]

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-100 Joseph Rogers (II)] was born 19 Jul 1635 (probably at Duxbury) and died at Eastham 27 Dec 1660. He married Eastham 4 Apr 1660 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Susanna Deane]]. They had no children and his widow married second, 28 Oct 1663 to [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Stephen Snow]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-487 Thomas Rogers] was born 29 Mar 1638 (probably at Duxbury) and died (probably at Eastham) between 5 Mar 1677/8 - 7 Aug 1678. He married Eastham 13 Dec 1665 [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Snow]]. They had seven children: Elizabeth (1666), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1005 Joseph] (1667/8 m Prudence ___ likely no surviving Y-DNA line<ref>Joseph and Prudence had a son, Joseph, born bef. 1696, no further record. Widow Prudence married Machiel Atwood and had a son Joseph in 1701.</ref>), Hannah (1669), Thomas (1670/1-1670/1), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-25524 Thomas] (1672 m Sarah Treat, likely no surviving Y-DNA line), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8531 Eleazer] (1673 m [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruhamah Willis]]) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8532 Nathaniel] (1675/6 unm.) To date, no patrilineal (Y-DNA) descendant of this Thomas Rogers have done any Y-DNA testing.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1184 '''John Rogers'''] was born 3 Apr 1642 (probably at Duxbury) and died Eastham between 27 Apr 1713 - 10 Aug 1714. He married Eastham 19 Aug 1669 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Twining]]. They had nine children: Samuel (1671-1671), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-6731 '''John'''] (1672 m Priscilla Hamblin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1181 Judah] (1677 m Patience Lombard), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1180 Joseph] (1679/80 m Mercy Crisp), Elizabeth (1682), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1178 '''Eleazer'''] (1685 m Martha Young), Mehitable (1687), Hannah (1689) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-7245 Nathaniel] (1693 m Elizabeth Crosby & Silence Dimmock). Big Y testing of multiple patrilineal descendants of John have determined where John was the first individual to have the R-FGC59541 mutation. Thus everyone who falls under this clade '''must''' be a patrilineal descendant of this John Rogers.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-2756 '''James Rogers'''] was born Duxbury 18 Oct 1648 and died Eastham 13 Apr 1678. He married Eastham 11 Jan 1670[/1?] [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Mary Paine]] and they had three children (born Eastham): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1206 '''James'''] (1673 m [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Susanna Tracy]]), Mary (1675) and Abigail (1677/8).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-19 John Rogers (II)] was born (probably at Duxbury) about 1640 and died Barrington, RI on 28 Jun 1732. He married three times, first Duxbury, Nov 1666 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Pabodie]]. She was the mother of all of his children. He married second Hingham 21 Nov 1679 Hannah Hobart and third aft 22 Mar 1692/3 to Marah Cobham. By his first wife, John had five children: Hannah, John (1670-1696 app. never married), Elizabeth, Ruth and Sarah. Thus, there are no surviving Y-DNA (patrilineal) descendants of John2 Rogers.

===Fourth Generation===
Joseph Rogers was born Eastham 1 Feb 1667 and died there 24 Apr 1696. He married bef 1691 Prudence _____<ref>After Joseph's death, Prudence married Eastham 25 Oct 1700 Michael Atwood.</ref> and they had three children (Eastham): Sarah (1691), Elizabeth (1693) and Joseph (c1695, no further record).

Thomas Rogers born Eastham 6 May 1672 and died Middletown, CT 23 Sep 1749. He married twice, first Eastham 10 Dec 1700 Sarah Treat then Eastham 11 Feb 1730/1 Rebecca Sparrow (widow of Joseph Collins)(no children by this second wife). By his first wife Thomas had: Sarah (1701), Phebe (1703), Elizabeth (1706), Lucy (1708), Hannah (1710), Thomas (1712), Joseph (1715-1728) and Huldah (1717).

Eleazer Rogers was born Eastham 3 Nov 1673 and did aft 10 Dec 1739 Plymouth. He married

<references />

==DNA Results '''FGC59523'''==
Since the Y-DNA line of John2 Rogers (son of Thomas) died out in the fourth generation, the only surviving Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers come from his son, Joseph.
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Previous Y-STR testing through the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project], the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=ydna-results-overview Rogers/Rodgers DNA Project]<ref>Two subgroups of this project list Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. One is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13>Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FGC59523 (Isles - Keltic) while the other is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13> Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FT260099 (Isles-Keltic)</ref> and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ydna-results-overview Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have identified a Y-STR haplotype for the ''Mayflower'' Rogers lineage and has determined that the lineage belongs to the R1b-M269 Y-DNA haplogroup,<ref>http://www.rogersdna.com/geddna/relationship.php</ref>.

===NGS/WGS testing===
One member of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=yresults My Rogers Family Tree DNA Project]<ref>FTDNA kit #197102</ref> has stated they are a Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. They also agreed to have a FGC Y-Elite test completed.<ref>Full Genomes Kit #N8S52</ref> In addition, several members of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ycolorized Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have taken Big Y tests. The results of these tests documents where the Rogers family falls under: R1b-P312>>L21>DF13>>Z253>FGC3268>>BY43439>BY4303>FGC59516>FGC59544>FGC59535>FGC59536>FGC59523.

Furthermore, subclades of FGC59523 are being identified, falling under the male Y-DNA descendants of Joseph2 Rogers.

===SNP mutation tree===
[[File:Rogers SNP Mutation tree.jpg|1600px]]

===Data downloads===
* [https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1ihG_t_s-HAbWJsOWxFS2ZMYjA N8S52 Y Elite] ''BAM file uploaded''

<references />

==External links and References==
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 87-90
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. Second edition 2013
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/thomas-rogersofthe-mayflower/about Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project]
* [http://thomasrogerssociety.com Thomas Rogers Society]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society biography of Thomas]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-descendants-surname-index/ Thomas Rogers descendants from Thomas Rogers Society]
* ''The Genealogist'' 10 [1989]: 138-49 "The English Ancestry of the Pilgrim Thomas Rogers and His Wife Alice (Cosford) Rogers," by Clifford L. Scott
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-FT260099/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-16 WikiTree profile for Thomas Rogers]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-rogers-family/ The Rogers Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Rogers (Y-DNA)

2026-09-10T10:54:01Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Second Generation */

==Status summary==
As of January 16, 2017:
* ''Y Elite'' test results for Thomas Rogers descendant (kit '''N8S52''', tested previously as kit #197102) completed.
* Reruiting for additional patrilineal (all male) descendants to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|Read me First]]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/ Thomas Rogers Society] contacted

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', The Thomas Rogers Society, Inc. ''Thomas Rogers, Pilgrim, and Some of his Descendants'' (privately pub. 1980) and [https://directory.thomasrogerssociety.com/g1/p1.htm#i1 Pilgrim Thomas Rogers Society Genealogy database]. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-171 '''Thomas Rogers'''] was born prob. at Watford, Northampton, England<ref>where his parents lived and where he was married.</ref> about 1572,<ref>Estimate, based on date of marriage.</ref> the son of William and Ellenor (_____) Rogers.<ref>''The Genealogist'' 10:142-43 citing William's will.</ref> Thomas died at Plymouth during the "general sickness" of the first winter (1620-1).<ref>[http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/Maydeaths.html Mayflower passenger deaths 1620-1621].</ref> He married at Watford 24 Oct 1597<ref>''The Genealogist''. 10:145</ref> [[Cosford (mtDNA) |Alice Cosford]], baptized at Watford 10 May 1573, daughter of George & Margaret Cosford.<ref>ibid., p. 146</ref> It is believed she died in Leiden sometime after 1622.<ref>TAG 52:110-13</ref> Thomas and his son Joseph came over on the ''Mayflower'' in 1620, the other children (but not the mother) are said (by Gov. Bradford) to have "came over & are maried & have many children."<ref>[https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society website].</ref> Other than son John, the other children who "came over" have never been identified.

Thomas Rogers and Alice Cosford had six children baptized at Watford: Thomas (1598/9-1599), Richard (1599/1600-1600), Joseph (1603), John (1606), [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Elizabeth]] (1609) and [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Margaret]] (1613).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-12 '''Joseph Rogers'''] was baptized at Watford 23 Jan 1602/3<ref>TG 10:140</ref> and died at Eastham between 2-15 Jan 1677/8.<ref>Will & Inventory from MD 3:67-70</ref> He was the only child of Thomas to travel with him aboard the ''Mayflower.'' Joseph married sometime abt 1632<ref>First child born in Aug 1633.</ref>. It is believed [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA) |Hannah _____]] was his only wife, but there is nothing to state definitively she was the mother of any/all of his children. Joseph had eight children, recorded (but not necessarily born) in the Sandwich, MA Vital Records: Sarah (died young), Joseph, Thomas, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]], John, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation#ROGERS |Mary]], James, and [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-13 John Rogers] was baptized at Watford 6 Apr 1606, and died at Duxbury about 1692. He married [[Churchman (mtDNA) |Anna Churchman]] and they had four children: John, [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |(H)Anna]], [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Abigail]] and [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]]

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-100 Joseph Rogers (II)] was born 19 Jul 1635 (probably at Duxbury) and died at Eastham 27 Dec 1660. He married Eastham 4 Apr 1660 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Susanna Deane]]. They had no children and his widow married second, 28 Oct 1663 to [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Stephen Snow]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-487 Thomas Rogers] was born 29 Mar 1638 (probably at Duxbury) and died (probably at Eastham) between 5 Mar 1677/8 - 7 Aug 1678. He married Eastham 13 Dec 1665 [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Snow]]. They had seven children: Elizabeth (1666), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1005 Joseph] (1667/8 m Prudence ___ likely no surviving Y-DNA line<ref>Joseph and Prudence had a son, Joseph, born bef. 1696, no further record. Widow Prudence married Machiel Atwood and had a son Joseph in 1701.</ref>), Hannah (1669), Thomas (1670/1-1670/1), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-25524 Thomas] (1672 m Sarah Treat, likely no surviving Y-DNA line), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8531 Eleazer] (1673 m [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruhamah Willis]]) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8532 Nathaniel] (1675/6 unm.) It thus appears there are no surviving Y-DNA descendants of this Thomas Rogers.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1184 '''John Rogers'''] was born 3 Apr 1642 (probably at Duxbury) and died Eastham between 27 Apr 1713 - 10 Aug 1714. He married Eastham 19 Aug 1669 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Twining]]. They had nine children: Samuel (1671-1671), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-6731 '''John'''] (1672 m Priscilla Hamblin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1181 Judah] (1677 m Patience Lombard), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1180 Joseph] (1679/80 m Mercy Crisp), Elizabeth (1682), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1178 '''Eleazer'''] (1685 m Martha Young), Mehitable (1687), Hannah (1689) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-7245 Nathaniel] (1693 m Elizabeth Crosby & Silence Dimmock). Big Y testing of multiple patrilineal descendants of John have determined where John was the first individual to have the R-FGC59541 mutation. Thus everyone who falls under this clade '''must''' be a patrilineal descendant of this John Rogers.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-2756 '''James Rogers'''] was born Duxbury 18 Oct 1648 and died Eastham 13 Apr 1678. He married Eastham 11 Jan 1670[/1?] [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Mary Paine]] and they had three children (born Eastham): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1206 '''James'''] (1673 m [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Susanna Tracy]]), Mary (1675) and Abigail (1677/8).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-19 John Rogers (II)] was born (probably at Duxbury) about 1640 and died Barrington, RI on 28 Jun 1732. He married three times, first Duxbury, Nov 1666 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Pabodie]]. She was the mother of all of his children. He married second Hingham 21 Nov 1679 Hannah Hobart and third aft 22 Mar 1692/3 to Marah Cobham. By his first wife, John had five children: Hannah, John (1670-1696 app. never married), Elizabeth, Ruth and Sarah. Thus, there are no surviving Y-DNA (patrilineal) descendants of John2 Rogers.

<references />

==DNA Results '''FGC59523'''==
Since the Y-DNA line of John2 Rogers (son of Thomas) died out in the fourth generation, the only surviving Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers come from his son, Joseph.
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Previous Y-STR testing through the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project], the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=ydna-results-overview Rogers/Rodgers DNA Project]<ref>Two subgroups of this project list Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. One is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13>Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FGC59523 (Isles - Keltic) while the other is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13> Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FT260099 (Isles-Keltic)</ref> and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ydna-results-overview Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have identified a Y-STR haplotype for the ''Mayflower'' Rogers lineage and has determined that the lineage belongs to the R1b-M269 Y-DNA haplogroup,<ref>http://www.rogersdna.com/geddna/relationship.php</ref>.

===NGS/WGS testing===
One member of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=yresults My Rogers Family Tree DNA Project]<ref>FTDNA kit #197102</ref> has stated they are a Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. They also agreed to have a FGC Y-Elite test completed.<ref>Full Genomes Kit #N8S52</ref> In addition, several members of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ycolorized Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have taken Big Y tests. The results of these tests documents where the Rogers family falls under: R1b-P312>>L21>DF13>>Z253>FGC3268>>BY43439>BY4303>FGC59516>FGC59544>FGC59535>FGC59536>FGC59523.

Furthermore, subclades of FGC59523 are being identified, falling under the male Y-DNA descendants of Joseph2 Rogers.

===SNP mutation tree===
[[File:Rogers SNP Mutation tree.jpg|1600px]]

===Data downloads===
* [https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1ihG_t_s-HAbWJsOWxFS2ZMYjA N8S52 Y Elite] ''BAM file uploaded''

<references />

==External links and References==
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 87-90
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. Second edition 2013
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/thomas-rogersofthe-mayflower/about Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project]
* [http://thomasrogerssociety.com Thomas Rogers Society]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society biography of Thomas]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-descendants-surname-index/ Thomas Rogers descendants from Thomas Rogers Society]
* ''The Genealogist'' 10 [1989]: 138-49 "The English Ancestry of the Pilgrim Thomas Rogers and His Wife Alice (Cosford) Rogers," by Clifford L. Scott
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-FT260099/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-16 WikiTree profile for Thomas Rogers]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-rogers-family/ The Rogers Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Rogers (Y-DNA)

2026-09-10T10:44:45Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Third Generation */

==Status summary==
As of January 16, 2017:
* ''Y Elite'' test results for Thomas Rogers descendant (kit '''N8S52''', tested previously as kit #197102) completed.
* Reruiting for additional patrilineal (all male) descendants to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|Read me First]]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/ Thomas Rogers Society] contacted

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', The Thomas Rogers Society, Inc. ''Thomas Rogers, Pilgrim, and Some of his Descendants'' (privately pub. 1980) and [https://directory.thomasrogerssociety.com/g1/p1.htm#i1 Pilgrim Thomas Rogers Society Genealogy database]. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-171 '''Thomas Rogers'''] was born prob. at Watford, Northampton, England<ref>where his parents lived and where he was married.</ref> about 1572,<ref>Estimate, based on date of marriage.</ref> the son of William and Ellenor (_____) Rogers.<ref>''The Genealogist'' 10:142-43 citing William's will.</ref> Thomas died at Plymouth during the "general sickness" of the first winter (1620-1).<ref>[http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/Maydeaths.html Mayflower passenger deaths 1620-1621].</ref> He married at Watford 24 Oct 1597<ref>''The Genealogist''. 10:145</ref> [[Cosford (mtDNA) |Alice Cosford]], baptized at Watford 10 May 1573, daughter of George & Margaret Cosford.<ref>ibid., p. 146</ref> It is believed she died in Leiden sometime after 1622.<ref>TAG 52:110-13</ref> Thomas and his son Joseph came over on the ''Mayflower'' in 1620, the other children (but not the mother) are said (by Gov. Bradford) to have "came over & are maried & have many children."<ref>[https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society website].</ref> Other than son John, the other children who "came over" have never been identified.

Thomas Rogers and Alice Cosford had six children baptized at Watford: Thomas (1598/9-1599), Richard (1599/1600-1600), Joseph (1603), John (1606), [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Elizabeth]] (1609) and [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#ROGERS |Margaret]] (1613).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-12 '''Joseph Rogers'''] was baptized at Watford 23 Jan 1602/3<ref>TG 10:140</ref> and died at Eastham between 2-15 Jan 1677/8.<ref>Will & Inventory from MD 3:67-70</ref> He was the only child of Thomas to travel with him aboard the ''Mayflower.'' Joseph married sometime abt 1632<ref>First child born in Aug 1633.</ref>. It is believed [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA) |Hannah _____]] was his only wife, but there is nothing to state definitively she was the mother of any/all of his children. Joseph had eight children, recorded (but not necessarily born) in the Sandwich, MA Vital Records: Sarah (died young), Joseph, Thomas, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]], John, [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation#ROGERS |Mary]], James, and [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-13 John Rogers] was baptized at Watford 6 Apr 1606, and died at Duxbury about 1692. He married [[Churchman (mtDNA) |Anna Churchman]] and they had four children: [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |(H)Anna]], John, [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Abigail]] and [[Churchman (mtDNA)#Second GenerationS |Elizabeth]]

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-100 Joseph Rogers (II)] was born 19 Jul 1635 (probably at Duxbury) and died at Eastham 27 Dec 1660. He married Eastham 4 Apr 1660 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Susanna Deane]]. They had no children and his widow married second, 28 Oct 1663 to [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Stephen Snow]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-487 Thomas Rogers] was born 29 Mar 1638 (probably at Duxbury) and died (probably at Eastham) between 5 Mar 1677/8 - 7 Aug 1678. He married Eastham 13 Dec 1665 [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Snow]]. They had seven children: Elizabeth (1666), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1005 Joseph] (1667/8 m Prudence ___ likely no surviving Y-DNA line<ref>Joseph and Prudence had a son, Joseph, born bef. 1696, no further record. Widow Prudence married Machiel Atwood and had a son Joseph in 1701.</ref>), Hannah (1669), Thomas (1670/1-1670/1), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-25524 Thomas] (1672 m Sarah Treat, likely no surviving Y-DNA line), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8531 Eleazer] (1673 m [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruhamah Willis]]) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-8532 Nathaniel] (1675/6 unm.) It thus appears there are no surviving Y-DNA descendants of this Thomas Rogers.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1184 '''John Rogers'''] was born 3 Apr 1642 (probably at Duxbury) and died Eastham between 27 Apr 1713 - 10 Aug 1714. He married Eastham 19 Aug 1669 [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Twining]]. They had nine children: Samuel (1671-1671), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-6731 '''John'''] (1672 m Priscilla Hamblin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1181 Judah] (1677 m Patience Lombard), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1180 Joseph] (1679/80 m Mercy Crisp), Elizabeth (1682), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1178 '''Eleazer'''] (1685 m Martha Young), Mehitable (1687), Hannah (1689) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-7245 Nathaniel] (1693 m Elizabeth Crosby & Silence Dimmock). Big Y testing of multiple patrilineal descendants of John have determined where John was the first individual to have the R-FGC59541 mutation. Thus everyone who falls under this clade '''must''' be a patrilineal descendant of this John Rogers.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-2756 '''James Rogers'''] was born Duxbury 18 Oct 1648 and died Eastham 13 Apr 1678. He married Eastham 11 Jan 1670[/1?] [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Mary Paine]] and they had three children (born Eastham): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-1206 '''James'''] (1673 m [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Susanna Tracy]]), Mary (1675) and Abigail (1677/8).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-19 John Rogers (II)] was born (probably at Duxbury) about 1640 and died Barrington, RI on 28 Jun 1732. He married three times, first Duxbury, Nov 1666 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Pabodie]]. She was the mother of all of his children. He married second Hingham 21 Nov 1679 Hannah Hobart and third aft 22 Mar 1692/3 to Marah Cobham. By his first wife, John had five children: Hannah, John (1670-1696 app. never married), Elizabeth, Ruth and Sarah. Thus, there are no surviving Y-DNA (patrilineal) descendants of John2 Rogers.

<references />

==DNA Results '''FGC59523'''==
Since the Y-DNA line of John2 Rogers (son of Thomas) died out in the fourth generation, the only surviving Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers come from his son, Joseph.
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Previous Y-STR testing through the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project], the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=ydna-results-overview Rogers/Rodgers DNA Project]<ref>Two subgroups of this project list Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. One is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13>Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FGC59523 (Isles - Keltic) while the other is: R1b-M269>P312>Z290>L21>DF13> Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>FGC59524>FGC59535>FT260099 (Isles-Keltic)</ref> and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ydna-results-overview Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have identified a Y-STR haplotype for the ''Mayflower'' Rogers lineage and has determined that the lineage belongs to the R1b-M269 Y-DNA haplogroup,<ref>http://www.rogersdna.com/geddna/relationship.php</ref>.

===NGS/WGS testing===
One member of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/rogers.sc.ga.al.tx.nm.ca?iframe=yresults My Rogers Family Tree DNA Project]<ref>FTDNA kit #197102</ref> has stated they are a Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim Thomas Rogers. They also agreed to have a FGC Y-Elite test completed.<ref>Full Genomes Kit #N8S52</ref> In addition, several members of the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/ThomasRogersoftheMayflower?iframe=ycolorized Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project] have taken Big Y tests. The results of these tests documents where the Rogers family falls under: R1b-P312>>L21>DF13>>Z253>FGC3268>>BY43439>BY4303>FGC59516>FGC59544>FGC59535>FGC59536>FGC59523.

Furthermore, subclades of FGC59523 are being identified, falling under the male Y-DNA descendants of Joseph2 Rogers.

===SNP mutation tree===
[[File:Rogers SNP Mutation tree.jpg|1600px]]

===Data downloads===
* [https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1ihG_t_s-HAbWJsOWxFS2ZMYjA N8S52 Y Elite] ''BAM file uploaded''

<references />

==External links and References==
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 87-90
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Westgate, Alice W.A. (revised by Ann T. Reeves) (2nd ed. rev. by Peggy M. Baker), ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 19 Rogers'', General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. Second edition 2013
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/thomas-rogersofthe-mayflower/about Thomas Rogers of the Mayflower DNA Project]
* [http://thomasrogerssociety.com Thomas Rogers Society]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-biography/ Thomas Rogers Society biography of Thomas]
* [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/thomas-rogers-descendants-surname-index/ Thomas Rogers descendants from Thomas Rogers Society]
* ''The Genealogist'' 10 [1989]: 138-49 "The English Ancestry of the Pilgrim Thomas Rogers and His Wife Alice (Cosford) Rogers," by Clifford L. Scott
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-FT260099/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rogers-16 WikiTree profile for Thomas Rogers]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-rogers-family/ The Rogers Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Winslow (Y-DNA)

2026-09-10T10:36:09Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Status summary */

==Status summary==
As of September 10, 2026:
* Recruiting Edward & John Winslow patrilineal (all male line) descendants for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]
* [https://www.winslowheritagesociety.org/ Winslow Heritage Society] contacted
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Winslow?iframe=ycolorized Winslow DNA Project] created
* Two ''Big Y-700'' and one ''Big Y-500'' tests completed on descendants of Gov. Edward's brother Kenelm.
* Two ''Big Y-700'' tests completed on descendants of Gov. Edward Winslow.
* One ''Big Y-700'' test completed on a John Winslow descendant.
* The Droitwich (Worcestershire) Winslow family falls under I-BY71464.
* Kenelm Winslow (brother to Gov. Edward and John Winslow) Y-DNA descendants fall under the I-BY108126 clade. Gov. Edward Winslow Y-DNA descendants fall under the I-FT334733 clade. The clades for Y-DNA descendants of the other brothers are currently unknown.
* BY71464 and BY108126 are both currently available for purchase at YSEQ.net for €19.00 each (plus a small fee for the DNA sample and mailing).

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Watson, Marston, ''Mayflower Family Silver Books Vol 25: Edward Winslow'' and Wakefield, Robert S. (revising work by Robert M. Sherman & Verle D. Vincent), and ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations Vol 15: Chilton and More''. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.
===English Ancestry===
The English Winslow ancestry is shrouded in the myst of time. The family is said to have Royal ancestry, but the connections are unclear.<ref>It is beyond the scope of this wiki to conduct original research on the English ancestry. Individuals interested in further exploration are encouraged to explore the publications noted at the bottom of the Edward Winslow biography at: [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/edward-winslow-biography American Ancestors 2020 biography of Edward Winslow]</ref>

What is known with certainty is the fact the five Winslow brothers (and their three sisters) were children of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-4 Edward Winslow] and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ollyver-14 Magdalene Oliver]. Edward & Magdalene were married at St. Bride Fleet Street Church in London on 4 Nov 1594. The children's baptisms were all recorded in St. Peter's parish church register, Droitwich, Worcestershire. Droitwich was famous for its salt and Edward had apparently moved there to work in the production of this important substance. The 1877 ''Winslow Memorial'' gave a birth date for Edward as 17 Oct 1560, but where this date came from is unknown. In addition, it is stated he was born at St. Andrew's Parish, Worcester, Worcestershire, but, there is no evidence to support this statement. If the 1560 birth date is accurate, then Edward was aged 34 when he married Magdalene.<ref>Magdalene is believed to have been baptized at St. Clements Dane, Middlesex (near Fleet Street, London) on 4 Aug 1566. If accurate, it would support her husband's reported 1560 birth.</ref> Some believe he was previously married, but this is not universally accepted. It is believed the elder Edward Winslow was son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-86 Kenelm Winslow], but even with this, experts disagree whether there was one Kenelm Winslow or two (father/son).<ref>The ancestry of Kenelm has been debated among experts. For more information see the sources found in the first reference.</ref>

===The five brothers===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-83 '''Edward Winslow''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/pdf/Edward_Winslows_Will.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum] Edward Winslow probate.</ref> was the first child of his parents. According to his baptismal record, he was born 18 Oct 1595 and baptized 20 Oct. Edward was apprenticed in the printing business and eventually made his way to Leiden. He was married twice. His first marriage was at Leiden 16 May 1618 (see [[Media:NL-LdnRAL_AR_1004_198_077.jpg.jpg]], [https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=5293930727341277&set=gm.342794824500593 transcription]) to [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177039730/facts Elizabeth Barker]. She apparently never had any children and died at New Plimoth on 24 Mar 1620/1. Edward married second at New Plimoth (the first marriage in the colony) 12 May 1621 to [[Susanna Jackson (mtDNA) |Susanna Jackson]], widow of fellow Mayflower passenger [[White (Y-DNA) |William White]]. Edward was the founder of the town of Marshfield, and settled his family there before 1643. He served in many capacities for the new Colony including three terms as Governor and eleven terms as Assistant. He had written a number of publications related to the settlement which was distributed in England to increase support (both more settlers as well as financial). He made multiple trips to England and served in the Court of Oliver Cromwell. Edward died at sea in the West Indies while in service of Cromwell. Edward and his second wife had a total of five children (one infant, one daughter and three sons). It is believed two of Edward's sons (Edward and John) died young<ref>both named in the 1627 cattle division</ref><ref>The Winslow "Silver Book" vol. 25 p. 4 states son John may be the John Winslow who married Malden 5 Mar 1651/2 Sarah Moulton. More research is needed.</ref> so the Y-DNA line comes down from the third son, [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177043226/facts Gov. Josiah]. Gov. Josiah had two sons, one (Edward) died in infancy, so the Y-DNA line comes down from the younger son [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177164013/facts (Hon.) Isaac]. Isaac had three sons, but living Y-DNA descendants only come down from his youngest son [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177164442/facts Edward].<ref>The surviving Y-DNA line only comes down from Edward's son, (Col.) Edward (II) and Edward (II)'s son [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177592435/facts John Francis Wentworth Winslow.]</ref> This last Edward built (or had built) the home which is now the headquarters of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants, but he was a Loyalist and fled to Nova Scotia.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-77 '''John Winslow''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_winslow.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Winslow biography.</ref> was the second child. His baptismal record states he was baptized on 18 Apr 1597 and he was born the Saturday before being baptized (16 Apr). While John himself was not a Mayflower Passenger (he came on the ''Fortune'' in 1621) he married at New Plimoth (before the 1627 Cattle Division) [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Chilton]], who did come over on the Mayflower. Thus all descendants of John Winslow are eligible to join the General Society of Mayflower Descendants through Mary. John moved his family to Boston by 1655 and he died there sometime between the writing of his will (12 Mar 1673/4) and its probate (21 May 1674). John & Mary had a total of ten children (three girls, one infant and six sons). According to an old website (no longer active), winslowgenealogy the living Y-DNA line is limited to his grandson, [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177171460/facts (Col.) Edward Winslow (II)], son of Edward. However, current research cannot rule out the possibility of living Y-DNA lines from other sons (and grandsons) of John & Mary. The Mayflower Families through Five Generations "Silver Book" vol. 15 (which includes the Chilton Family) does name a limited number of Y-DNA (male Winslow) descendants of the Fifth and Sixth generation.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-119 '''Kenelm Winslow'''] was the fourth child (and third son). His baptismal record states he was baptized 3 May 1599 and he was born the Sunday before (29 Apr). Kenelm is believed to have emigrated to Plymouth Colony in 1631 along with his younger brother, Josiah. Kenelm married at Plymouth in Jun 1634 to Ellen Newton, widow of John Adams. Kenelm & Ellen had four children: Kenelm (1635), Eleanor (c1637), Nathaniel (c1639) and Job (c1641). While his brothers (with the exception of Gilbert) had more children than Kenelm, the vast majority of living Winslow Y-DNA descendants descend from Kenelm. In fact, there are many more living Winslow Y-DNA descendants of Kenelm than Y-DNA descendants of '''all''' of his brothers combined.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-156 Gilbert Winslow] was the fifth child (and fourth son). His baptismal record states he was baptized 29 Oct 1600 and he was born the Sunday before (26 Oct). Gilbert emigrated aboard the Mayflower in 1620 with his eldest brother, Edward, but returned to England sometime between the 1623 land division and the 1627 cattle division. In 1651 William Bradford reported Gilbert had died in England, but it is unknown if Gilbert's death had been reported back to Plymouth, or whether Bradford was simply stating where Gilbert's family record in Plymouth is over. It is currently unknown whether Gilbert ever married so no descendants are known.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3 Josiah Winslow] was the youngest child. His baptismal record states he was born on 11 Feb 1605/6 and baptized 16 Feb. He emigrated to Plymouth in 1631 and moved to Marshfield in 1643 along with his eldest brother, Edward. He had married at Plymouth (prior to removal) before Sep 1637 (child born) to [[Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Bourne (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Margaret Bourne]]. They had five daughters and one son (Jonathan, born 8 Aug 1639). It is likely the Y-DNA of Josiah died with his paternal grandsons.<ref>The Will of Ruth Chipman (widow of only son Jonathan) dated Sandwich 7 Dec 1710 fails to list any children or grandchildren. It appears the children of Jonathan & Ruth all died before their mother and any issue also died young. Thus it is highly likely there are no living Y-DNA descendants of Josiah Winslow.</ref>

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-180 '''(Gov.) Josiah Winslow'''] was the only son of Gov. Edward Winslow who is known to have married. He was born Plymouth 1629 and died at Careswell (his manor house in Marshfield) 18 Dec 1680. He married England 1651 Penelope Pelham and they had four children: infant daughter (1657), Elizabeth (1664), Edward (1667-1667) and Isaac (1671).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-142 John Winslow (II)] was born Plymouth about 1628 and died Boston between 3-12 Oct 1683. He married twice, first Boston abt 1663
Elizabeth ___ then bef 1683 Judith _____ (no children). By his first wife he had four children: Richard (1664 likely died young), Elizabeth (1665), John (1669) and Ann (1670).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-144 '''(Capt.) Edward Winslow'''] was born Plymouth abt 1635 and died Boston 19 Nov 1682. He married twice, first Boston bef 1661 [[Sarah Hilton (mtDNA)#First Generation |Sarah Hilton]] then Boston 8 Feb 1668 Elizabeth Hutchinson. By his first wife he had five children: John (1661 d. unm.), Sarah (1663), Richard (1664), Elizabeth (1665) and Mary (1665). By his second wife he had five more children: Edward (1669), Katherine (1672), Elizabeth (1673), Susanna (1675) and Ann (1678).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-146 '''Joseph Winslow'''] was born Plymouth abt 1643 and died Long Island, NY bef 7 Aug 1679. He married bef 10 Oct 1668 Sarah Lawrence and they had four children, including Mary (1674) and Joseph (1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-68 Kenelm Winslow (II)] was born Marshfield 20 Apr 1635 and died Harwich 11 Nov 1715. He married twice, first Yarmouth 23 Sep 1667 Mercy Worden then Harwich 1689 Damaris Eames. By his first wife he had seven children: Kenelm (1668), Josiah (1669), Thomas (1672-1689), Samuel (1674), Mercy (1676), Nathaniel (1679) and Edward (1680). By his second wife he had four more children: Damaris, Elizabeth, Eleanor and John (1701).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-224 Nathaniel Winslow] was born Marshfield abt 1639 and died there 1 Dec 1719. He married Marshfield 3 Aug 1664 Faith Miller and they had: Faith (1665), Nathaniel (1667), James (1669), Gilbert (1673), Kenelm (1675), Eleanor (1677), Josiah (1681 d.y.) and Josias (1683).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-212 Job Winslow] was born Swansea abt 1641 and died Freetown 14 Jul 1720. He married Swansea 1674 Ruth ____ and they had 14 children: John, William, Oliver, Ruth, Richard, Hope, Job, Joseph, James, Mary, George, Jonathan, Elizabeth and Ann.

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Windslow-5 '''(Hon.) Isaac Winslow'''] was the only paternal grandson of Gov. Edward Winslow to marry. He was born at the Careswell manor in Marshfield 1671 and died there 14 Dec 1738 He married Marshfield 11 Jul 1700 Sarah Wensley and they had six children: Josiah (1701 no children), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1046 (Gen.) John] (1703 m Mary Little and [[Bethiah Thomas(mtDNA)#Third Generation |Bethiah BARKER Johnston]]), Penelope (1704), Elizabeth (1707), Anna (1709-1723) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1369 Edward] (1714).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-811 John Winslow (III)] was born Boston 22 May 1669 and died there 1 Jan 1694/5. He married Boston 18 Jun 1689 Abigail Atkinson and they had two children: Elizabeth (1692) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-810 John] (1693).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1493 John Winslow] was born Boston 18 Jun 1661 and died there 22 Apr 1699 he. ''poss.'' married Sarah ____ but no children are known.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-803 '''(Col.) Edward Winslow (II)'''] was born Boston 1 Nov 1669 and died there 1 Dec 1753. He married thrice, first Boston 30 Jun 1692 Hannah Moody, then Boston 12 May 1712 Elizabeth Dixey and finally Boston 27 Mar 1744 Susanna FARNHAM Lyman (no children). By his first wife he had ten children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1532 Edward] (1693 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1206 Joshua] (1694), Hannah (1696 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1534 John] (1698 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1535 William] (1700 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1415 John] (1700), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1536 Edward] (1702), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1537 Samuel] (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1538 William] (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1445 Isaac] (1709). By his second wife he had one more child: Elizabeth (1712).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1499 '''Joseph Winslow (II)'''] was born Boston 16 Jun 1677 and died Fishkill, NY bef 18 Apr 1761. He married twice, first Manhattan, NY 24 Nov 1721 Abigail Snethen then Fishkill 28 Jun 1742 Margaret ___ Heyser (no children). By his first wife he had ''at least'' three children:<ref>Some sources also give children John and Hannah.</ref> [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1547 Samuel] (1725), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1548 Joseph] (1727 m Margaret Storm but no known children) and Sarah (1730).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-222 Kenelm Winslow (III)]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-229 Josiah Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-218 Joseph Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-236 Samuel Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-524 Nathaniel Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-538 Edward Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1393 John Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-98 (Capt.) Nathaniel Winslow (II)]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1581 James Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1059 Gilbert Winslow] was born Marshfield 11 Jul 1673 and died there 12 Jun 1731. He married Marshfield 7 Feb 1698 Mercy Snow and they had nine children, including Job (married [[Burrowes (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Macomber]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1331 Kenelm Winslow] was born Marshfield 22 Sep 1675 and died there 10 Jun 1757. He married twice, first Marshfield abt 1703 [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Abigail Waterman]] the Boston 7 Sep 1730 Ann Winslow (no children). By his first wife he had seven children including Kenelm (1716 m. [[Otis (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Abigail Bourne]]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1667 Josias/John Winslow] was named Josias (Josiah) in his birth record, but John in other records. He was born Marshfield 13 Jan 1683/4 and died Wareham sometime between writing his will (5 Dec 1755) and its probate (3 Apr 1758). He married abt 1705 Mary Slade and they had five children.

===Fourth Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1046 (Maj.Gen.) John Winslow] was born Careswell Manor, Marshfield 27 May 1703 and died Hingham 17 Apr 1774. He married twice, first Marshfield 16 Feb 1724/5 Mary Little then Pembroke 7 Dec 1772 Bethiah Barker (no children). By his first wife he had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3220 Josiah] (1730-1730), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-2751 Pelham] (1737 no surviving sons) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3140 Isaac] (1739 no surviving Y-DNA line).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1369 '''(Hon.) Edward Winslow, Esq.'''] was born Careswell Manor 7 Jun 1714 and died Halifax, Nova Scotia 8 Jun 1784. He had built a house in Plymouth now the "Mayflower House" and headquarters of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants. He married Plymouth 10 Apr 1741 Hannah Howland Dyer and they had: John (1741-1742), Penelope (1743), Sarah (1744), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1368 '''Edward'''] (1746/7 m Mary Symonds, their son [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1946 '''John Francis Winslow'''] is the only Y-DNA descendant of Gov. Edward Winslow to have living Y-DNA descendants) and infant son (1747-1747).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-810 John Winslow (IV)] was born Boston 31 Dec 1693 and died at sea 13 Oct 1731. He married Portsmouth, NH 21 Sep 1721 Sarah Pierce and they had: Sarah (1722), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1585 John] (1724-1725), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-809 John] (1725 m Eliza Mason) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-997 Joshua] (1726/7 no surviving sons).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1206 '''Joshua Winslow, Esq.'''] was born Boston 12 Feb 1694/5 and died there 9 Oct 1769. He married Boston 8 Feb 1720 Elizabeth Savage and they had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1596 Edward] (1722 no surviving Y-DNA line), Margaret (1724), Hannah (1725), Elizabeth (1729), Susanna (1730), Mary (1732), Katherine (1733), Ann (1734), Martha (1734), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1604 Joshua] (1736 m Hannah Loring), Ann (1738), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1606 Thomas] (1740 never marr.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1607 John] (1742 m Mary Simpson), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1205 '''Isaac'''] (1743 m Mary Sparhawk & Mary Davis), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1608 William] (1747-1751) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1609 Henry] (1748-1751).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1537 Samuel Winslow] was born Boston 29 May 1705 and died in the Louisburg (Nova Scotia) expedition 7 Sep 1745. He married Boston 8 Jun 1729 Rebecca Clarke and they had: Sarah (1730), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1592 Edward] (1735 likely no surviving Y-DNA line), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1593 Joshua] (m Anna Green but unknown if he had any children) and Rebecca (1742).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1445 Isaac Winslow] was born Boston 2 May 1709 and died New York City 23 Mar 1777. He married twice, first Boston 14 Dec 1747 Lucy Waldo then Boston 25 Nov 1770 Jemima Debuke. By his first wife he had: Lucy (1749), infant (1752-1752), Hannah (1753-c1755), Hannah (1755), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1615 Samuel] (1757 m Martha Scott), Elizabeth (1759), Grizel (1760), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1617 Isaac] (1763 m Mary Russell but only 1 daughter) and Sarah (1765). By his second wife he had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1443 Thomas] (1772 m Mary Forbes) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1618 James] (1776 no further record).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1547 '''Samuel Winslow'''] was born Fishkill, NY 6 Apr 1725 and died New York between 1811-1817. His marital history has not been fully fleshed out. It is said his first wife was Hannah and they had John (1752 m ____). He may have married second Priscilla ____ and had: Hannah (1766), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3274 '''Samuel'''] (1769 m Margaret Woolsey) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1587 Joseph] (1774 m Dorcas ___). His last wife is said to have been Miriam aka Hannah Haight by whom he is said to have had four daughters.

<references />

==DNA Results '''I-BY71464'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing<ref>One Y-DNA line listed in [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-83 wikitree profile for Edward Winslow]</ref>===
Previous Y-STR testing through the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project] and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Winslow?iframe=ydna-results-overview Winslow surname DNA project] has indicated that the Winslow lineage belongs to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I-M253] Y-DNA haplogroup, which is quite common in Northern and Northwestern Europe.

===NGS/WGS Results===
As of May 2023 there are five patrilineal (all male line) descendants of the Winslow family from Droitwich who have taken the Big Y-700 test.<ref>In addition, there is a sixth individual who has taken the older Big Y-500 test.</ref> One of these individuals is known to descend from Gov. Edward Winslow, two are known to descend from his brother Kenelm, while the other two individuals are unable to trace their patrilineal line back to one of the brothers, their Big Y results conclusively prove they descend from the Plymouth Colony Winslow family. The results of these five individuals document where the Winslow family clade/Haplogroup is I-M253>>Z61>S9939>>S11023>BY34545>BYBY34542>BY71464.

The two descendants of Kenelm Winslow (descending from two different sons of Kenelm) fall under a subclade of BY71464>BY108126 This indicates where all Y-DNA descendants of Kenelm must fall under BY108126. The descendant of Edward and one of the testers who cannot trace his line both descend from a different subclade of BY17464>FT334733 This indicates where this other tester must also descend from Gov. Edward Winslow. Given the fact that Edward Winslow only had a single great-grandson who carried on the surname (and Y-DNA line) it is likely all Y-DNA descendants of Edward will fall under FT334733. The fifth Big Y tester is negative for both of these subclades, thus likely does not descend from either Edward or Kenelm. Given the fact the other brothers (Gilbert and Josias) have no surviving Y-DNA descendants this indicates where this fifth tester likely descends from John Winslow.

====Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite'' testing====
DNA mutations are random events. As they are random, we cannot say with exact precision how often a mutation would occur. However, looking at the Big Y tests of known relatives, rough estimates can be made. There have been a number of cases where both father and son have taken a Big Y test. In the vast majority of cases, neither test documented a mutation not found in the other test.<ref>Each individual Big Y actually randomly tests slightly different sections of the Y-Chromosome so in theory two Big Y tests of the same person may document a mutation found in one result not found in the other. However, these differences are usually mutations which occurred long ago, and are screened out when we compare known cousins.</ref>, Very rarely one (or more) mutations have been discovered in the son, not found in the father. On the other end of the scale, there have been times when second and third (and rarely) fourth cousins have both tested and shown no mutation in one line not found in the other.

On average, the Big Y-700 test discovers a mutation between distant cousins roughly every 80 years or so, but (as documented above) it could be a son has a mutation a father does not have, or a line can go several generations without a mutation. This is similar to rolling a pair of dice and taking the sum. The sum can be as small as two or as large as twelve, but the average value is seven. If we roll the pair one hundred times the total would likely be between 600-800 with a small chance between 500-900 (but possibly even falling outside this range).

Given the fact the five Winslow brothers were born roughly around 1600 (which is 420 years from 2020) it is virtually certain some mutations have cropped up in every Y-DNA descendant of these brothers, and we can use these mutations like a bread crumb trail to trace the person's Y-DNA line back.

Another benefit of the NGS/WGS testing is that we can identify the SNPs unique to each branch of the family. Once we have those SNPs we can make them available for individual testing at YSEQ.net. Both BY71464 and BY108126 are currently available for purchase at a cost of 19 Euros (roughly US $20), plus a small fee for a DNA sample and mailing. This fee is much smaller than the fee for NGS/WGS testing. Once we discover mutations only found in descendants of Edward and John, we may want to develop a SNP panel at YSEQ which includes all of the SNPs in one test for at a cost less than testing all the SNPs individually. It must be kept in mind testing at YSEQ does not have the ability to discover new mutations.

===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=227072&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d BY71464] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test). In addition [https://www.yseq.net/advanced_search_result.php?keywords=FT334733&search_in_description=1&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d&x=7&y=4 FT334733] (The clade defining descendants of Gov. Edward Winslow) is also available for purchase at YSEQ.

<references />

====Speculation====
One of the closest Big Y matches to the Winslow family states his Most Distant Known Paternal Ancestor (MDKPA) was from Sweden. In addition, there is a town of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinsl%C3%B6v Vinslöv] in the Skåne Province of Sweden. Thus, it is quite possible the Y-DNA ancestor of the Winslow family may have been a Swede who settled in England during the Viking Period (or possibly a later Swedish emigrant to England).

===Lineage of DNA testers===
The following individual has taken a Big Y test

Edward Winslow (c1565-1631) m. Magdalene Oliver
(Gov.) Edward Winslow (1595-1655)
(Gov.) Josiah Winslow (1629-1680)
(Hon.) Isaac Winslow (1671-1738)
(Hon.) Edward Winslow (1714-1784)
(Col.) Edward Winslow (II)(1746/7-1815)
John Francis Wentworth Winslow (1793-1859)
John Coffin Winslow (1826-1896)
John NORMAN Wentworth Winslow (1860-1942)
(Maj.) John DOUGLAS Winslow (1891-1958)
''tester'' 

==Other Winslow families==
There are several other Winslow families in America. This level of Y-DNA testing is able to discern whether or not these other families are related to the Plymouth Colony Winslow family or not.

Descendants of Timothy Winslow of Perquimans District, North Carolina. Several Y-DNA descendants have Y-DNA tested and been found to fall under the I-FT345768 clade. While this is also a subclade of the I1 haplogroup, it separated from the Plymouth Colony Winslow haplogroup (I-BY71464) several thousand years ago. Thus this family is not related to the Plymouth Colony Winslow family.

There are other, scattered Winslow families in America. To date, all of them who have Y-DNA tested have been found to fall under different haplogroups, so cannot be related to the Winslow family of Plymouth Colony.

==References & External links==
* Watson, Marston, ''Mayflower Family Silver Books'' (Vol 25: Edward Winslow [through Eight Generations]), General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA (2019)
* Wakefield, Robert S. (revising work by Robert M. Sherman & Verle D. Vincent), Mayflower Families through Five Generations (Vol 15: James Chilton and Richard More) General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA (1997)
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 124-125
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Mayflower Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth, 1620'' New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 2020 pp. 188-94
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Pilgrim Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth Colony 1620-1633'' (New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, 2004)

* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/winslow/about Winslow DNA Project]
* [http://winslowheritagesociety.org Winslow Heritage Society]
* [https://www.winslowheritagesociety.org/edward.html Winslow Heritage Society - Gov. Edward with pedigree of descendants]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Winslow Wikipedia biography of Edward Winslow]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Winslow_(1597%E2%80%931674) Wikipedia biography of John Winslow]
* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/winslow-edwar Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of Edward Winslow]
* [https://www.winslowheritagesociety.org/edward.html Winslow Heritage Society biography of Edward Winslow]
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/167821783/family?cfpid=372177040597 Winslow Y-DNA (and Chilton mtDNA) tree]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/I-BY71464/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-83 WikiTree profile for Edward Winslow]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-winslow-family-2/ The Winslow Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Winslow (Y-DNA)

2026-09-10T10:32:44Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Status summary */

==Status summary==
As of September 10, 2026:
* Recruiting Edward & John Winslow patrilineal (all male line) descendants for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Winslow?iframe=ycolorized Winslow DNA Project] contacted
* One ''Big Y-500'' test completed (descended from Gov. Edward's brother Kenelm)
* Two ''Big Y-700'' tests completed (one descended from Kenelm and the other descended from Gov. Edward).
* The Droitwich (Worcestershire) Winslow family falls under I-BY71464.
* Kenelm Winslow (brother to Gov. Edward and John Winslow) Y-DNA descendants fall under the I-BY108126 clade. Gov. Edward Winslow Y-DNA descendants fall under the I-FT334733 clade. The clades for Y-DNA descendants of the other brothers are currently unknown.
* BY71464 and BY108126 are both currently available for purchase at YSEQ.net for €19.00 each (plus a small fee for the DNA sample and mailing).

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Watson, Marston, ''Mayflower Family Silver Books Vol 25: Edward Winslow'' and Wakefield, Robert S. (revising work by Robert M. Sherman & Verle D. Vincent), and ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations Vol 15: Chilton and More''. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.
===English Ancestry===
The English Winslow ancestry is shrouded in the myst of time. The family is said to have Royal ancestry, but the connections are unclear.<ref>It is beyond the scope of this wiki to conduct original research on the English ancestry. Individuals interested in further exploration are encouraged to explore the publications noted at the bottom of the Edward Winslow biography at: [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/edward-winslow-biography American Ancestors 2020 biography of Edward Winslow]</ref>

What is known with certainty is the fact the five Winslow brothers (and their three sisters) were children of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-4 Edward Winslow] and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ollyver-14 Magdalene Oliver]. Edward & Magdalene were married at St. Bride Fleet Street Church in London on 4 Nov 1594. The children's baptisms were all recorded in St. Peter's parish church register, Droitwich, Worcestershire. Droitwich was famous for its salt and Edward had apparently moved there to work in the production of this important substance. The 1877 ''Winslow Memorial'' gave a birth date for Edward as 17 Oct 1560, but where this date came from is unknown. In addition, it is stated he was born at St. Andrew's Parish, Worcester, Worcestershire, but, there is no evidence to support this statement. If the 1560 birth date is accurate, then Edward was aged 34 when he married Magdalene.<ref>Magdalene is believed to have been baptized at St. Clements Dane, Middlesex (near Fleet Street, London) on 4 Aug 1566. If accurate, it would support her husband's reported 1560 birth.</ref> Some believe he was previously married, but this is not universally accepted. It is believed the elder Edward Winslow was son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-86 Kenelm Winslow], but even with this, experts disagree whether there was one Kenelm Winslow or two (father/son).<ref>The ancestry of Kenelm has been debated among experts. For more information see the sources found in the first reference.</ref>

===The five brothers===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-83 '''Edward Winslow''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/pdf/Edward_Winslows_Will.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum] Edward Winslow probate.</ref> was the first child of his parents. According to his baptismal record, he was born 18 Oct 1595 and baptized 20 Oct. Edward was apprenticed in the printing business and eventually made his way to Leiden. He was married twice. His first marriage was at Leiden 16 May 1618 (see [[Media:NL-LdnRAL_AR_1004_198_077.jpg.jpg]], [https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=5293930727341277&set=gm.342794824500593 transcription]) to [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177039730/facts Elizabeth Barker]. She apparently never had any children and died at New Plimoth on 24 Mar 1620/1. Edward married second at New Plimoth (the first marriage in the colony) 12 May 1621 to [[Susanna Jackson (mtDNA) |Susanna Jackson]], widow of fellow Mayflower passenger [[White (Y-DNA) |William White]]. Edward was the founder of the town of Marshfield, and settled his family there before 1643. He served in many capacities for the new Colony including three terms as Governor and eleven terms as Assistant. He had written a number of publications related to the settlement which was distributed in England to increase support (both more settlers as well as financial). He made multiple trips to England and served in the Court of Oliver Cromwell. Edward died at sea in the West Indies while in service of Cromwell. Edward and his second wife had a total of five children (one infant, one daughter and three sons). It is believed two of Edward's sons (Edward and John) died young<ref>both named in the 1627 cattle division</ref><ref>The Winslow "Silver Book" vol. 25 p. 4 states son John may be the John Winslow who married Malden 5 Mar 1651/2 Sarah Moulton. More research is needed.</ref> so the Y-DNA line comes down from the third son, [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177043226/facts Gov. Josiah]. Gov. Josiah had two sons, one (Edward) died in infancy, so the Y-DNA line comes down from the younger son [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177164013/facts (Hon.) Isaac]. Isaac had three sons, but living Y-DNA descendants only come down from his youngest son [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177164442/facts Edward].<ref>The surviving Y-DNA line only comes down from Edward's son, (Col.) Edward (II) and Edward (II)'s son [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177592435/facts John Francis Wentworth Winslow.]</ref> This last Edward built (or had built) the home which is now the headquarters of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants, but he was a Loyalist and fled to Nova Scotia.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-77 '''John Winslow''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_winslow.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Winslow biography.</ref> was the second child. His baptismal record states he was baptized on 18 Apr 1597 and he was born the Saturday before being baptized (16 Apr). While John himself was not a Mayflower Passenger (he came on the ''Fortune'' in 1621) he married at New Plimoth (before the 1627 Cattle Division) [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Chilton]], who did come over on the Mayflower. Thus all descendants of John Winslow are eligible to join the General Society of Mayflower Descendants through Mary. John moved his family to Boston by 1655 and he died there sometime between the writing of his will (12 Mar 1673/4) and its probate (21 May 1674). John & Mary had a total of ten children (three girls, one infant and six sons). According to an old website (no longer active), winslowgenealogy the living Y-DNA line is limited to his grandson, [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177171460/facts (Col.) Edward Winslow (II)], son of Edward. However, current research cannot rule out the possibility of living Y-DNA lines from other sons (and grandsons) of John & Mary. The Mayflower Families through Five Generations "Silver Book" vol. 15 (which includes the Chilton Family) does name a limited number of Y-DNA (male Winslow) descendants of the Fifth and Sixth generation.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-119 '''Kenelm Winslow'''] was the fourth child (and third son). His baptismal record states he was baptized 3 May 1599 and he was born the Sunday before (29 Apr). Kenelm is believed to have emigrated to Plymouth Colony in 1631 along with his younger brother, Josiah. Kenelm married at Plymouth in Jun 1634 to Ellen Newton, widow of John Adams. Kenelm & Ellen had four children: Kenelm (1635), Eleanor (c1637), Nathaniel (c1639) and Job (c1641). While his brothers (with the exception of Gilbert) had more children than Kenelm, the vast majority of living Winslow Y-DNA descendants descend from Kenelm. In fact, there are many more living Winslow Y-DNA descendants of Kenelm than Y-DNA descendants of '''all''' of his brothers combined.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-156 Gilbert Winslow] was the fifth child (and fourth son). His baptismal record states he was baptized 29 Oct 1600 and he was born the Sunday before (26 Oct). Gilbert emigrated aboard the Mayflower in 1620 with his eldest brother, Edward, but returned to England sometime between the 1623 land division and the 1627 cattle division. In 1651 William Bradford reported Gilbert had died in England, but it is unknown if Gilbert's death had been reported back to Plymouth, or whether Bradford was simply stating where Gilbert's family record in Plymouth is over. It is currently unknown whether Gilbert ever married so no descendants are known.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3 Josiah Winslow] was the youngest child. His baptismal record states he was born on 11 Feb 1605/6 and baptized 16 Feb. He emigrated to Plymouth in 1631 and moved to Marshfield in 1643 along with his eldest brother, Edward. He had married at Plymouth (prior to removal) before Sep 1637 (child born) to [[Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Bourne (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Margaret Bourne]]. They had five daughters and one son (Jonathan, born 8 Aug 1639). It is likely the Y-DNA of Josiah died with his paternal grandsons.<ref>The Will of Ruth Chipman (widow of only son Jonathan) dated Sandwich 7 Dec 1710 fails to list any children or grandchildren. It appears the children of Jonathan & Ruth all died before their mother and any issue also died young. Thus it is highly likely there are no living Y-DNA descendants of Josiah Winslow.</ref>

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-180 '''(Gov.) Josiah Winslow'''] was the only son of Gov. Edward Winslow who is known to have married. He was born Plymouth 1629 and died at Careswell (his manor house in Marshfield) 18 Dec 1680. He married England 1651 Penelope Pelham and they had four children: infant daughter (1657), Elizabeth (1664), Edward (1667-1667) and Isaac (1671).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-142 John Winslow (II)] was born Plymouth about 1628 and died Boston between 3-12 Oct 1683. He married twice, first Boston abt 1663
Elizabeth ___ then bef 1683 Judith _____ (no children). By his first wife he had four children: Richard (1664 likely died young), Elizabeth (1665), John (1669) and Ann (1670).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-144 '''(Capt.) Edward Winslow'''] was born Plymouth abt 1635 and died Boston 19 Nov 1682. He married twice, first Boston bef 1661 [[Sarah Hilton (mtDNA)#First Generation |Sarah Hilton]] then Boston 8 Feb 1668 Elizabeth Hutchinson. By his first wife he had five children: John (1661 d. unm.), Sarah (1663), Richard (1664), Elizabeth (1665) and Mary (1665). By his second wife he had five more children: Edward (1669), Katherine (1672), Elizabeth (1673), Susanna (1675) and Ann (1678).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-146 '''Joseph Winslow'''] was born Plymouth abt 1643 and died Long Island, NY bef 7 Aug 1679. He married bef 10 Oct 1668 Sarah Lawrence and they had four children, including Mary (1674) and Joseph (1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-68 Kenelm Winslow (II)] was born Marshfield 20 Apr 1635 and died Harwich 11 Nov 1715. He married twice, first Yarmouth 23 Sep 1667 Mercy Worden then Harwich 1689 Damaris Eames. By his first wife he had seven children: Kenelm (1668), Josiah (1669), Thomas (1672-1689), Samuel (1674), Mercy (1676), Nathaniel (1679) and Edward (1680). By his second wife he had four more children: Damaris, Elizabeth, Eleanor and John (1701).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-224 Nathaniel Winslow] was born Marshfield abt 1639 and died there 1 Dec 1719. He married Marshfield 3 Aug 1664 Faith Miller and they had: Faith (1665), Nathaniel (1667), James (1669), Gilbert (1673), Kenelm (1675), Eleanor (1677), Josiah (1681 d.y.) and Josias (1683).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-212 Job Winslow] was born Swansea abt 1641 and died Freetown 14 Jul 1720. He married Swansea 1674 Ruth ____ and they had 14 children: John, William, Oliver, Ruth, Richard, Hope, Job, Joseph, James, Mary, George, Jonathan, Elizabeth and Ann.

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Windslow-5 '''(Hon.) Isaac Winslow'''] was the only paternal grandson of Gov. Edward Winslow to marry. He was born at the Careswell manor in Marshfield 1671 and died there 14 Dec 1738 He married Marshfield 11 Jul 1700 Sarah Wensley and they had six children: Josiah (1701 no children), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1046 (Gen.) John] (1703 m Mary Little and [[Bethiah Thomas(mtDNA)#Third Generation |Bethiah BARKER Johnston]]), Penelope (1704), Elizabeth (1707), Anna (1709-1723) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1369 Edward] (1714).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-811 John Winslow (III)] was born Boston 22 May 1669 and died there 1 Jan 1694/5. He married Boston 18 Jun 1689 Abigail Atkinson and they had two children: Elizabeth (1692) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-810 John] (1693).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1493 John Winslow] was born Boston 18 Jun 1661 and died there 22 Apr 1699 he. ''poss.'' married Sarah ____ but no children are known.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-803 '''(Col.) Edward Winslow (II)'''] was born Boston 1 Nov 1669 and died there 1 Dec 1753. He married thrice, first Boston 30 Jun 1692 Hannah Moody, then Boston 12 May 1712 Elizabeth Dixey and finally Boston 27 Mar 1744 Susanna FARNHAM Lyman (no children). By his first wife he had ten children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1532 Edward] (1693 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1206 Joshua] (1694), Hannah (1696 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1534 John] (1698 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1535 William] (1700 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1415 John] (1700), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1536 Edward] (1702), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1537 Samuel] (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1538 William] (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1445 Isaac] (1709). By his second wife he had one more child: Elizabeth (1712).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1499 '''Joseph Winslow (II)'''] was born Boston 16 Jun 1677 and died Fishkill, NY bef 18 Apr 1761. He married twice, first Manhattan, NY 24 Nov 1721 Abigail Snethen then Fishkill 28 Jun 1742 Margaret ___ Heyser (no children). By his first wife he had ''at least'' three children:<ref>Some sources also give children John and Hannah.</ref> [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1547 Samuel] (1725), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1548 Joseph] (1727 m Margaret Storm but no known children) and Sarah (1730).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-222 Kenelm Winslow (III)]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-229 Josiah Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-218 Joseph Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-236 Samuel Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-524 Nathaniel Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-538 Edward Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1393 John Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-98 (Capt.) Nathaniel Winslow (II)]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1581 James Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1059 Gilbert Winslow] was born Marshfield 11 Jul 1673 and died there 12 Jun 1731. He married Marshfield 7 Feb 1698 Mercy Snow and they had nine children, including Job (married [[Burrowes (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Macomber]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1331 Kenelm Winslow] was born Marshfield 22 Sep 1675 and died there 10 Jun 1757. He married twice, first Marshfield abt 1703 [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Abigail Waterman]] the Boston 7 Sep 1730 Ann Winslow (no children). By his first wife he had seven children including Kenelm (1716 m. [[Otis (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Abigail Bourne]]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1667 Josias/John Winslow] was named Josias (Josiah) in his birth record, but John in other records. He was born Marshfield 13 Jan 1683/4 and died Wareham sometime between writing his will (5 Dec 1755) and its probate (3 Apr 1758). He married abt 1705 Mary Slade and they had five children.

===Fourth Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1046 (Maj.Gen.) John Winslow] was born Careswell Manor, Marshfield 27 May 1703 and died Hingham 17 Apr 1774. He married twice, first Marshfield 16 Feb 1724/5 Mary Little then Pembroke 7 Dec 1772 Bethiah Barker (no children). By his first wife he had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3220 Josiah] (1730-1730), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-2751 Pelham] (1737 no surviving sons) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3140 Isaac] (1739 no surviving Y-DNA line).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1369 '''(Hon.) Edward Winslow, Esq.'''] was born Careswell Manor 7 Jun 1714 and died Halifax, Nova Scotia 8 Jun 1784. He had built a house in Plymouth now the "Mayflower House" and headquarters of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants. He married Plymouth 10 Apr 1741 Hannah Howland Dyer and they had: John (1741-1742), Penelope (1743), Sarah (1744), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1368 '''Edward'''] (1746/7 m Mary Symonds, their son [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1946 '''John Francis Winslow'''] is the only Y-DNA descendant of Gov. Edward Winslow to have living Y-DNA descendants) and infant son (1747-1747).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-810 John Winslow (IV)] was born Boston 31 Dec 1693 and died at sea 13 Oct 1731. He married Portsmouth, NH 21 Sep 1721 Sarah Pierce and they had: Sarah (1722), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1585 John] (1724-1725), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-809 John] (1725 m Eliza Mason) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-997 Joshua] (1726/7 no surviving sons).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1206 '''Joshua Winslow, Esq.'''] was born Boston 12 Feb 1694/5 and died there 9 Oct 1769. He married Boston 8 Feb 1720 Elizabeth Savage and they had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1596 Edward] (1722 no surviving Y-DNA line), Margaret (1724), Hannah (1725), Elizabeth (1729), Susanna (1730), Mary (1732), Katherine (1733), Ann (1734), Martha (1734), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1604 Joshua] (1736 m Hannah Loring), Ann (1738), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1606 Thomas] (1740 never marr.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1607 John] (1742 m Mary Simpson), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1205 '''Isaac'''] (1743 m Mary Sparhawk & Mary Davis), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1608 William] (1747-1751) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1609 Henry] (1748-1751).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1537 Samuel Winslow] was born Boston 29 May 1705 and died in the Louisburg (Nova Scotia) expedition 7 Sep 1745. He married Boston 8 Jun 1729 Rebecca Clarke and they had: Sarah (1730), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1592 Edward] (1735 likely no surviving Y-DNA line), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1593 Joshua] (m Anna Green but unknown if he had any children) and Rebecca (1742).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1445 Isaac Winslow] was born Boston 2 May 1709 and died New York City 23 Mar 1777. He married twice, first Boston 14 Dec 1747 Lucy Waldo then Boston 25 Nov 1770 Jemima Debuke. By his first wife he had: Lucy (1749), infant (1752-1752), Hannah (1753-c1755), Hannah (1755), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1615 Samuel] (1757 m Martha Scott), Elizabeth (1759), Grizel (1760), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1617 Isaac] (1763 m Mary Russell but only 1 daughter) and Sarah (1765). By his second wife he had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1443 Thomas] (1772 m Mary Forbes) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1618 James] (1776 no further record).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1547 '''Samuel Winslow'''] was born Fishkill, NY 6 Apr 1725 and died New York between 1811-1817. His marital history has not been fully fleshed out. It is said his first wife was Hannah and they had John (1752 m ____). He may have married second Priscilla ____ and had: Hannah (1766), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3274 '''Samuel'''] (1769 m Margaret Woolsey) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1587 Joseph] (1774 m Dorcas ___). His last wife is said to have been Miriam aka Hannah Haight by whom he is said to have had four daughters.

<references />

==DNA Results '''I-BY71464'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing<ref>One Y-DNA line listed in [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-83 wikitree profile for Edward Winslow]</ref>===
Previous Y-STR testing through the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project] and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Winslow?iframe=ydna-results-overview Winslow surname DNA project] has indicated that the Winslow lineage belongs to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I-M253] Y-DNA haplogroup, which is quite common in Northern and Northwestern Europe.

===NGS/WGS Results===
As of May 2023 there are five patrilineal (all male line) descendants of the Winslow family from Droitwich who have taken the Big Y-700 test.<ref>In addition, there is a sixth individual who has taken the older Big Y-500 test.</ref> One of these individuals is known to descend from Gov. Edward Winslow, two are known to descend from his brother Kenelm, while the other two individuals are unable to trace their patrilineal line back to one of the brothers, their Big Y results conclusively prove they descend from the Plymouth Colony Winslow family. The results of these five individuals document where the Winslow family clade/Haplogroup is I-M253>>Z61>S9939>>S11023>BY34545>BYBY34542>BY71464.

The two descendants of Kenelm Winslow (descending from two different sons of Kenelm) fall under a subclade of BY71464>BY108126 This indicates where all Y-DNA descendants of Kenelm must fall under BY108126. The descendant of Edward and one of the testers who cannot trace his line both descend from a different subclade of BY17464>FT334733 This indicates where this other tester must also descend from Gov. Edward Winslow. Given the fact that Edward Winslow only had a single great-grandson who carried on the surname (and Y-DNA line) it is likely all Y-DNA descendants of Edward will fall under FT334733. The fifth Big Y tester is negative for both of these subclades, thus likely does not descend from either Edward or Kenelm. Given the fact the other brothers (Gilbert and Josias) have no surviving Y-DNA descendants this indicates where this fifth tester likely descends from John Winslow.

====Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite'' testing====
DNA mutations are random events. As they are random, we cannot say with exact precision how often a mutation would occur. However, looking at the Big Y tests of known relatives, rough estimates can be made. There have been a number of cases where both father and son have taken a Big Y test. In the vast majority of cases, neither test documented a mutation not found in the other test.<ref>Each individual Big Y actually randomly tests slightly different sections of the Y-Chromosome so in theory two Big Y tests of the same person may document a mutation found in one result not found in the other. However, these differences are usually mutations which occurred long ago, and are screened out when we compare known cousins.</ref>, Very rarely one (or more) mutations have been discovered in the son, not found in the father. On the other end of the scale, there have been times when second and third (and rarely) fourth cousins have both tested and shown no mutation in one line not found in the other.

On average, the Big Y-700 test discovers a mutation between distant cousins roughly every 80 years or so, but (as documented above) it could be a son has a mutation a father does not have, or a line can go several generations without a mutation. This is similar to rolling a pair of dice and taking the sum. The sum can be as small as two or as large as twelve, but the average value is seven. If we roll the pair one hundred times the total would likely be between 600-800 with a small chance between 500-900 (but possibly even falling outside this range).

Given the fact the five Winslow brothers were born roughly around 1600 (which is 420 years from 2020) it is virtually certain some mutations have cropped up in every Y-DNA descendant of these brothers, and we can use these mutations like a bread crumb trail to trace the person's Y-DNA line back.

Another benefit of the NGS/WGS testing is that we can identify the SNPs unique to each branch of the family. Once we have those SNPs we can make them available for individual testing at YSEQ.net. Both BY71464 and BY108126 are currently available for purchase at a cost of 19 Euros (roughly US $20), plus a small fee for a DNA sample and mailing. This fee is much smaller than the fee for NGS/WGS testing. Once we discover mutations only found in descendants of Edward and John, we may want to develop a SNP panel at YSEQ which includes all of the SNPs in one test for at a cost less than testing all the SNPs individually. It must be kept in mind testing at YSEQ does not have the ability to discover new mutations.

===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=227072&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d BY71464] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test). In addition [https://www.yseq.net/advanced_search_result.php?keywords=FT334733&search_in_description=1&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d&x=7&y=4 FT334733] (The clade defining descendants of Gov. Edward Winslow) is also available for purchase at YSEQ.

<references />

====Speculation====
One of the closest Big Y matches to the Winslow family states his Most Distant Known Paternal Ancestor (MDKPA) was from Sweden. In addition, there is a town of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinsl%C3%B6v Vinslöv] in the Skåne Province of Sweden. Thus, it is quite possible the Y-DNA ancestor of the Winslow family may have been a Swede who settled in England during the Viking Period (or possibly a later Swedish emigrant to England).

===Lineage of DNA testers===
The following individual has taken a Big Y test

Edward Winslow (c1565-1631) m. Magdalene Oliver
(Gov.) Edward Winslow (1595-1655)
(Gov.) Josiah Winslow (1629-1680)
(Hon.) Isaac Winslow (1671-1738)
(Hon.) Edward Winslow (1714-1784)
(Col.) Edward Winslow (II)(1746/7-1815)
John Francis Wentworth Winslow (1793-1859)
John Coffin Winslow (1826-1896)
John NORMAN Wentworth Winslow (1860-1942)
(Maj.) John DOUGLAS Winslow (1891-1958)
''tester'' 

==Other Winslow families==
There are several other Winslow families in America. This level of Y-DNA testing is able to discern whether or not these other families are related to the Plymouth Colony Winslow family or not.

Descendants of Timothy Winslow of Perquimans District, North Carolina. Several Y-DNA descendants have Y-DNA tested and been found to fall under the I-FT345768 clade. While this is also a subclade of the I1 haplogroup, it separated from the Plymouth Colony Winslow haplogroup (I-BY71464) several thousand years ago. Thus this family is not related to the Plymouth Colony Winslow family.

There are other, scattered Winslow families in America. To date, all of them who have Y-DNA tested have been found to fall under different haplogroups, so cannot be related to the Winslow family of Plymouth Colony.

==References & External links==
* Watson, Marston, ''Mayflower Family Silver Books'' (Vol 25: Edward Winslow [through Eight Generations]), General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA (2019)
* Wakefield, Robert S. (revising work by Robert M. Sherman & Verle D. Vincent), Mayflower Families through Five Generations (Vol 15: James Chilton and Richard More) General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA (1997)
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 124-125
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Mayflower Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth, 1620'' New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 2020 pp. 188-94
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Pilgrim Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth Colony 1620-1633'' (New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, 2004)

* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/winslow/about Winslow DNA Project]
* [http://winslowheritagesociety.org Winslow Heritage Society]
* [https://www.winslowheritagesociety.org/edward.html Winslow Heritage Society - Gov. Edward with pedigree of descendants]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Winslow Wikipedia biography of Edward Winslow]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Winslow_(1597%E2%80%931674) Wikipedia biography of John Winslow]
* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/winslow-edwar Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of Edward Winslow]
* [https://www.winslowheritagesociety.org/edward.html Winslow Heritage Society biography of Edward Winslow]
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/167821783/family?cfpid=372177040597 Winslow Y-DNA (and Chilton mtDNA) tree]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/I-BY71464/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-83 WikiTree profile for Edward Winslow]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-winslow-family-2/ The Winslow Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

White (Y-DNA)

2026-09-09T13:03:15Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* DNA Results R1b-FTC28001 */

==Status summary==
As of 9 June 2018:
* The [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/white/about/ White DNA Project] and [https://www.thepilgrimwilliamwhitesociety.org/ The Pilgrim William White Society] contacted.
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) descendants of William White for WGS/NGS testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Paper Trail==
For more information see: Sherman, Robert M. & Ruth W. (re-edited by Robert S. Wakefield), ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 13 White''. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have taken a Y-DNA test.
===First Generation===
Recent research by Caleb Johnson, Susan Allen, & Simon Neal<ref>[http://mayflowerhistory.com/white-william/ Caleb Johnson's MayflowerHistory.com White profile]</ref> has determined [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-506 '''William White'''] was baptized at Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, England, 25 Jan 1586/7 the son of [http://thepilgrimwilliamwhitesociety.org/WhiteFamily.html Edward White & Thomasine CROSS May].<ref>Edward and the widow Thomasine were married at Wisbech on 11 Jan 1584.</ref> William was an uncle to Dorothy May, who was the first wife of [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Gov. William Bradford]].

William's mother died in 1591 and his father died in 1594. William and his sister, Martha, were then raised by their maternal grandmother, Jacomine and her second husband, Thomas Robinson. Thomas died in 1595 and William's sister died in 1608. While this large number of family deaths is very unusual and shocking to us today, it was not a rare occurrence during William's time. William and his half-siblings (his mother was a widow when she married her father) received permission to settle in Amsterdam, Holland in 1608. This likely indicates William was a Separatist, or at least attended a religion other than the official Church of England.

William married [[Susanna Jackson (mtDNA) |Susanna Jackson]], likely at Amsterdam, likely about 1615. The couple had two known sons: Resolved (about 1616) and Peregrine (born aboard the ''Mayflower'' around the end of November 1620).<ref>It is also possible the couple had either a stillborn child, or a child who died in infancy about 1618.</ref> The family decided to emigrate with some of the Scrooby congregation and William died at the New Plimoth colony on 21 Feb 1620/1.<ref>[http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/Maydeaths.html Mayflower passenger deaths 1620-1621].</ref> The widow Susanna married widowed Edward Winslow on 12 May 1621, being the first marriage in the new colony.

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-505 '''Resolved White''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/resolved_white.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] Resolved White biography.</ref> was born in England, about 1615. He died sometime after September 19, 1687. He and his first wife were buried in Winslow Cemetery, Marshfield. He was married twice, but all of his children were by his first wife, [[Judith Vassall (mtDNA)#Biography |Judith Vassall]], daughter of William Vassall (married 5 Nov 1640 in Scituate). They had eight children (born Scituate): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2864 William] (1642-1695 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2831 John]<ref>He either died young, or moved to Barbadoes, no further record.</ref> (1644-b1684/5), Samuel (1646), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2850 Resolved] (1647-1670 unm.), [[Judith Vassall (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Anna]] (1649), [[Judith Vassall (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]] (1652), Josiah (1654-1710) & [[Judith Vassall (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Susanna]] (1656).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-1129 '''Peregrine White'''] was born aboard the ''Mayflower'' while it was anchored in what is now called Providence Harbor. He died at Marshfield on 20 Jul 1704. He married [[Elizabeth, wife of William Bassett (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Bassett]] before 6 Mar 1648/9 (when they were fined in court for fornication before marriage<ref>Shurtleff, Nathaniel Bradstreet. Records of the colony of New Plymouth, in New England; printed by order of the legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts by New Plymouth Colony, Vol. 2 Court Orders 1641-1651 p. 138 Boston: Press of William White, 1968</ref>) and had seven children (born Marshfield): Daniel (c1649), infant son (c1651), Jonathan (1658), Peregrine (c1661), [[Elizabeth,_wife_of_William_Bassett_(mtDNA)#Third_Generation |Sarah]] (c1663), Sylvanus (b1667) & [[Elizabeth,_wife_of_William_Bassett_(mtDNA)#Third_Generation |Mercy]] (c1670).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2854 '''Samuel White'''] was born Scituate 13 Mar 1645/6 and died Rochester 20 Sep 1720. He married Rebecca ____<ref>Some sources state (without any source citation) her maiden name may have been Lapham.</ref> and they had nine children (born Rochester): John (1669), Samuel (1671), Elizabeth (1673), Melatiah (1675), Judith (1681), Susannah (twin 1682), Hezekiah (twin 1682, not known to have married), Penelope (1687) and William (1690 no further record).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2837 Josiah White] was born Scituate 29 Sep 1654 and died Boxford 5 Jun 1710. He married Salem bef Dec 1680 Remember Read and they had: Josiah (bef 1684), Mary (bef 1687), Joseph (c 1689), Hannah, Sarah (bet. 1692-95) and Samuel (1696).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2128 '''Daniel White''']<ref>See [http://thepilgrimwilliamwhitesociety.org/newsletters/TPWWS_News-2-2_website_edition.pdf p. 19] for one line of descent (owners of the White homestead)</ref> was born Marshfield 19 Aug 1649 and died there 6 May 1724. He married Hannah Hunt and they had: John (1675), Joseph (1678), Thomas (1680 m Martha Bisbee but no children known), Cornelius (1682), Benjamin (1684), Eleazer (1686) and Ebenezer (1691).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2097 Jonathan White] was baptized Marshfield 4 Jun 1658 and died Yarmouth aft Feb 1736. He married twice, first Yarmouth 2 Feb 1682/3 [[Hester/Esther Nickerson (mtDNA)#First Generation |Hester/Esther Nickerson]] and second aft 1703 Elizabeth ____. By his first wife Jonathan had: Mary (c1684), Esther (c1686), Jonathan (c1692), Ebenezer (1698) and Joseph (c1702).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2119 Peregrine White (II)] was born Marshfield abt 1662 and died Boston 20 Nov 1727. He married twice, Susanna _____ and Mary _____. By Susanna he had Sarah and Benoni (never married). By Mary he had Mark (unk. if marr.).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2107 Sylvanus White] was born Marshfield bef 1667 and died Scituate in Jun 1688. He married Deborah ___<ref>TAG 40:101 states she ''may'' have been [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Deborah Church]] but there is currently no evidence to support this claim.</ref> and had one son, William (c1683).

===Fourth Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-5096 John White] was born Sandwich 24 Aug 1669 and died Rochester bef. 9 Nov 1748. He married about 1695 [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third_Generation |Martha Doty]] and they had nine children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-20602 John]<ref>Apparently born before marriage. See Plymouth Court Records I:205.</ref> (c1689 m Mercy Jenkins), Mary (c1697), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-20610 Thomas] (1700/1 m Hope Jenkins), Jedidah (1702/3), Elizabeth (1704/5), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-20621 Justus] (1706/7 m Jane Sherman), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-16539 Silvanus] (1708/9 m Anna Williams), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23712 Ebenezer] (1710/1-1710/1) and Deborah (c1713).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-5100 '''Samuel White (II)'''] was born Sandwich 22 Jul 1671 and died aft. 5 Nov 1734. He married twice, first bef. 1699 Mary ___ then Dartmouth 11 May 1731 Mary Chase. By his first wife he had seven children: Rebecca (1699), Judith (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23726 '''Samuel'''] (1704 m Elizabeth Ashley & Elizabeth Jackson), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23727 Josiah] (1706 no further record), Martha (1709), Mary (1711) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23730 Malatiah] (1713 m Jane Coombs). By his second wife he had one more child: Susannah (1731).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-5098 Melatiah White] was born Sandwich 14 Feb 1675/6 and died Rochester 21 Aug 1709. He married about 1698 Mercy Winslow (granddaughter of [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |Kenelm Winslow]] and they had four children: Judith (1699), Mercy (1702), Margaret (1703/4) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23736 Melatiah] (1706/7 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23644 Josiah White] was born before 1684<ref>baptized as an adult Salem Village (now Danvers) 25 May 1705.</ref> and died Sutton bef. 13 Aug 1764. He married Sutton 28 Apr 1737 Mary Taylor and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23851 Josiah] (1738 d.y.), Mary (1741), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23853 Josiah] (1745 never marr.) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-11667 Caleb] (1747 m Rebekah Marsh & Lucy Howard).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-11222 Joseph White] was born about 1689 and died Sutton bef. 20 Dec 1750. He married twice, first Boxford 31 Aug 1711 Beatrix Houghton then Salem 23 Nov 1738 Sarah Gardner (no children). By his first wife he had seven children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-11221 Jonathan] (c1712 m Sarah Bacon), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23858 Joseph] (c1714 m Martha Sawyer), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23860 John] (c1716 never married), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23859 Josiah] (c1716 m Hannah Gardner & Lucy Whipple), Abigail (c1718), Sarah (c1720) and Mary (c1722).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23652 Samuel White] was born Salem 4 Sep 1696 and died Danvers 5 Dec 1773. He married bef. 1718 Dinah Kinney and they had six children: Jerusha (1719), Eunice (1721), Ann (1723), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23867 Samuel] (1729 m Martha Prichet), George (1731 m Mary Lunsford) and Mary (1736).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7130 John White] was born Marshfield 26 Apr 1675 and died there 9 Sep 1753. He married Marshfield 18 Feb 1700 Susanna Sherman and they had seven children: Hannah (1702), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-19777 John] (1704 m Joanna Sprague), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23870 Abijah] (1706 m Anna Little), Sarah (1710), Rebecca (1713), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23872 Sylvanus] (1718 never married) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-23873 Jesse] (1720 m Catherine Warner).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7129 (Capt.) Joseph White] was born Marshfield 1 Mar 1677/8 and died Lebanon, CT bef. 27 Mar 1764. He married Scituate 21 Dec 1710 Elizabeth Dwelly and they had ''at least'' three children: Deborah (1712), Ruth (c1715) and Elizabeth (1720).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7136 Cornelius White] was born Marshfield 28 Mar 1682 and died there 21 Jan 1755. He married Scituate 22 May 1706 Hannah Randall and they had seven children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7214 Lemuel] (1706/7 m Anna Scott), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7215 Cornelius] (1708/9 m Sarah Ford), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7216 Paul] (1711 m Elizabeth Curtis), Joanna (1713), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7218 Daniel] (1716 m Abigail Turner), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7204 Gideon] (1717 m Joanna Howland) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7219 Benjamin] (1720 m Benjamin Decrow).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7134 Benjamin White] was born Marshfield 12 Oct 1684 and died there 12 May 1724. He married Marshfield 2 Dec 1714 Faith Oakman and they had five children: Abigail (1715), Tabitha (1717), Lydia (1719), Jedidah (1721) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-478 Benjamin] (1724/5 m Mercy Thomas).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7131 Eleazer White] was born Marshfield 8 Nov 1686 and died there bef. 14 Apr 1737. He married Marshfield 29 Sep 1712 Mary Doggett and they had nine children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-24027 Nehemiah] (1712/3 m Rachel Curtis), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-24028 Peregrine] (1715 no further record), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-24029 Eleazer] (1717 m Philander Chase), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-24030 Elkanah] (1719 unk. if marr.), Mary (1721), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-24032 Benajah] (1724 unk. if marr.), Penelope (1727), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-24035 Thomas] (1729 no further record) and Rebecca (1731).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-7133 '''Ebenezer White'''] was born Marshfield Aug 1691 and died Hebron, CT 18 May 1733. He married Marshfield 9 Mar 1712/3 Hannah Doggett and they had seven children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-11589 '''Obadiah'''] (1716 m Elizabeth Allen), Rebecca (1718), Hannah (1720/1), Cheanna (1722), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-11592 Ebenezer] (1726/7 m Hannah Root), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-11593 Joseph] (1728/9 d.y.) and Mehitable (1731 d.y.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2077 Jonathan White] was born Yarmouth abt. 1692 and died Dutchess Co., NY 1759. He married Yarmouth abt 1717 Dorcas GODFREY Hamlin and they had eight children: Dorcas (1717), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-24048 John] (1719 m Tabitha Ellis), Martha (1722), Temperance (1725), Susanna (1727), Thankful (1729), Desire (1732) and Fear (1735).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2086 Ebenezer White] was born Yarmouth 9 Aug 1698 and died Harwich 9 Jul 1772. He married Harwich 13 Jul 1727 Mary Smith and they had six children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-31993 Elijah] (1728 m Mercy Hopkins), Thankful (1730), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-31995 Thomas] (1732 m Mercy Gray), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-31996 Ebenezer] (1733-1733), Marcy (1735-1735) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-31998 Daniel] (1738 m Jane Smith).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2020 Joseph White] was born Yarmouth abt. 1702 and died there 4 Jun 1782. He married Yarmouth 21 Jun 1737 Lydia Baker and they had ''at least'' three children: Hannah (1737/8), Huldah (1739) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-32002 Joseph] (1743 m Rebecca Bray).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2352 William White] was born Scituate abt. 1683 and died Dartmouth bef. 3 Oct 1780. He married bef. 1708 Elizabeth Cadman and they had eleven children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2347 William] (c1708 m Abigail Thurston), Sarah (c1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2353 George] (c1710 m Deborah Shaw), Hannah (1711), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2356 Roger] (c1713 m Rebecca Grinnell), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2357 Christopher] (1715 m Elizabeth Thurston & Sarah Chase), Susanna (c1717), Elizabeth (c1719), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2360 Oliver] (c1723 m Mary Sherman), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2361 Abner] (1725 m Ruth Brownell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2362 Thomas] (c1730 m Sarah Norton).

<references />

==DNA Results '''R1b-FTC28001'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Previous Y-STR testing found at both the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project] and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/white?iframe=ydna-results-overview White surname DNA Project] Group ''R --- 1324.1410.11-13.000---William White Mayflower Passenger Haplotype'' has disclosed that William White belongs to the Y haplogroup [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R1b R1b-M269], which is quite common in Western Europe. In addition, the [https://www.nevgen.org/ Nevgen.org] R1b clade predictor has further refined the clade to likely fall under R1b L21>DF13>Z39589>DF49>>M222 with 99.99% probability.

According to the [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/r-1b-1c-7/about/background R M222 and Subclades Project] ''"This diagnostic marker is associated with many individuals whose ancestry lies in the counties of Ulster (Northern Ireland), Northwest Ireland, and Scotland including certain Highland, Lowland, Western and North Eastern counties, and is not restricted to known ancestry in the UK/Ireland region."'' Thus, it appears William White's Y-DNA ancestors likely moved from Ulster Ireland to Scotland to Northern England and finally settling at Wisbech, Cambridgeshire, where William was baptized.

===NGS/WGS testing===
As of Mar 2022, there are three individuals claiming their patrilineal (direct male line) ancestry goes back to William White and at least one has taken the Big Y-700 test. His result indicates the family falls under R-M222>Z2959>S658>DF104>DF105>ZS8379>FTC28001

===Lineages of DNA testers===
One of the three individuals have disclosed their White lineage:

William (1586/7-1620/1)
Resolved (c1616-1687)
Josiah (1654-1710)
Samuel (1696-1793)
Samuel (c1725-c1800)
Samuel (1764-1821)
Perley (1802-1839)
William Judson (1830-1862)
Edward Everett (1861-1938)
''father of tester''
''tester'' 
Peregrine (1620-1704)
Daniel (1649-1724)
Ebenezer (1691-1733)
Obadiah (1716-1801)
Joseph (1747-1831)
John Hamilton (1780- )
Joseph Guthrie (1827-1900)
John Sterling (1856-1935)
Ray Presley (1900-1981)
''father of tester''
''tester''

==References and External links==
* Sherman, Robert M. & Ruth W. (re-edited by Robert S. Wakefield), ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 13 White'' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. Third edition 2006
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 121-123
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Mayflower Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth, 1620'' New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 2020
* Johnson, Caleb, Sue Allan and Simon Neal, ''The American Genealogist'' vol. 89 (2017):81-94, 168-88, 241-64

* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_White_(Mayflower_passenger) Wikipedia biography of William White]
* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/white-william/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of William White]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [http://thepilgrimwilliamwhitesociety.org The Pilgrim William White Society]
* Johnson, Caleb Johnson, Sue Allen and Simon Neal,''The American Genealogist'' 89-2 (Apr 2017) pp. 81-94 "The English Origin and Kinship of ''Mayflower'' Passengers William White and Dorothy (May) Bradford of Wisbech, Cambridgeshire"; 89-4 (Oct 2017) pp. 241-264 "The Origin of Mayflower Passenger Susanna (Jackson) (White) Winslow"
* [http://thepilgrimwilliamwhitesociety.org/TPWWS_News-3-4_website_edition.pdf The Pilgrim William White Society] see pages 7-8 for one of the earliest William White's Y-DNA descendants experience with Y-DNA testing
* [http://www.pilgrimfathersorigins.org/pilgrims-william-white---susanna-white-winslow-jackson.html#:~:text=The%20origins%20of%20William%20White%20in%20England%20were,was%20buried%20on%2010%20November%201591%20at%20Wisbech. Pilgrim Fathers Origins.org biography for William and Susanna]
* [https://wiki.geni.com/index.php/Mayflower_-_White Geni.com Mayflower-White]
* [http://www.jmhartley.com/HBlog/2021/01/27/a-tale-of-two-mayflower-descendant-applications/ blog "A Taile of Two Mayflower Descendant applications]
* [http://www.jmhartley.com/HBlog/2021/03/05/new-ydna-results-seem-to-conflict-with-mayflower-white-genealogy/ blog about White Y-DNA results]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-506 wikitree profile for William White]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-white-family/ The White Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Y-DNA

2026-09-07T14:51:04Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Male Mayflower passengers and crew */

==Status summary==
As of October 26, 2022:
* Y-DNA Profiles created for all male Mayflower passengers who are known to have living Y-DNA descendants
* Y-DNA Profiles created for all of the sons in-laws and many of the grandsons in-law of Mayflower Passengers who are known to have living Y-DNA descendants

==Important Note==
[[Read me First|Read me First]]

While autosomal DNA tests (such as 23andMe and AncestryDNA) do test for a number of Y-SNPs (with 23andMe reporting Y-DNA and mtDNA Haplogroups) their chip-based testing only documents a limited number of SNPs and can give inaccurate information.


==Male ''Mayflower'' passengers and crew==

Surnames of ''Mayflower'' passengers and crew, with links to corresponding Y-DNA results pages, are listed below. Names with an asterisk * died during the first winter during what is called "the general sickness".

<big>'''Leiden Congregation'''</big>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living descendants<ref>according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mayflower_Society</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup<ref>Most SNP results may still be further refined as more Y-DNA descendants of Mayflower Passengers obtain Next Generation Sequence (NGS)/Whole Genome Sequence (WGS) tests. ''Italics'' indicate the haplogroup is merely '''predicted''' based soley on STR testing and may not be precise. In some of these cases, the result could be inaccurate due to inadvertent errors in lineage tracing. See surname sub-pages for further details and references.</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)|Allerton]]
| ''Isaac'', ''Bartholomew''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}<ref>Son Bartholomew returned to England where he married and had children. Whether he has any living Y-DNA descendants is unknown. Son Isaac is believed to only have had one son (Isaac) who died without issue.</ref><ref>The [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview FTDNA Mayflower DNA Project] has identified one individual who claims Isaac Allerton was their patrilineal (Y-DNA) Ancestor and has taken the Big Y-700 test.</ref>
|R-P312>>DF27>>FTT1>>ZZ19_1>>Z31644>>FGC13134>BY36477>FTH5285>FTJ88015
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)|Bradford]]
| ''William''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I1-M253>DF29>Z63>BY151>BY351>BY3407>CTS2910>Y10994>Y21374>Y21371>Y21370>Y21372>FGC72882]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)|Brewster]]
| ''William'', ''Love'', ''Wrestling''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I1-M253>Z17954>FGC47136>S2304>Z17942>Z17928>Z17926>Z17924>A9783>A19407>FT1754] 
|-
! scope="row"| [[Carver (Y-DNA) |Carver]]
| ''John''
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Chilton (Y-DNA)|Chilton]]
| ''James''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cooke (Y-DNA)|Cooke]]
| ''Francis'', ''John''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I I-M223>CTS616>FGC15071>BY1003>L1229>Z2069>Z2068>Z2054>Y4746>FGC15109>FGC15105>BY18>Y4761>Y4760>FGC57449>FGC57463>FGC57458>FGC57472]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Crackston(e) (Y-DNA) |Crackston(e)]]
| ''John''*, ''John''
! <ref>Mayflower Increasings:42 (from MD 40:117 and Stratton:274) states he had a daughter Anna (of Colchester, England) filed marriage banns with Thomas Smith of Bury England at Leiden on 12/22 Dec 1618. It is possible they may have descendants living today.</ref>
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fletcher (Y-DNA)|Fletcher]]
| ''Moses''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fuller (Y-DNA)|Fuller]]
| ''Edward''*, ''Samuel''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>S12025>FGC12021>S17339>FGC53777>S25007>FGC31905>FGC53757>BZ3170>Y85916]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fuller (Y-DNA) |Fuller]]
| ''Samuel''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>S12025>FGC12021>S17339>FGC53777>S25007>FGC31905>FGC53757>BZ3170>Y85916>FTB68669]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Goodman (Y-DNA) |Goodman]]
| ''John''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Priest (Y-DNA)|Priest]]
| ''Degory''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Rogers (Y-DNA)|Rogers]]
| ''Thomas''*, ''Joseph''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>L21>DF13>ZZ10_1>Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>BY4303>FGC59516>FGC59535>FGC59523]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Tilley (Y-DNA) |Tilley]]
| ''John''*, ''Edward''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Tinker
| ''Thomas''*, ''son''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | all died during the first sickness
|-
! scope="row"| Turner<ref>See [http://mayflowerhistory.com/turner/ Caleb Johnson's MayflowerHistory.com profile of John Turner] He may have had other sons, but the name is simply too common to make any serious attempt at documenting his family.</ref>
| ''John''*, ''son''*, ''son''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | all died during the first sickness
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)|White]]
| ''William''*, ''Resolved'', ''Peregrine''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>L21>DF13>Z39589>DF49>>M222>Z2959>S658>DF104>DF105>ZS8379>FTC28001]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Thomas Williams (Y-DNA) |Williams]]
| ''Thomas''
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)|Winslow]]
| ''Edward'', ''Gilbert''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I1-M253>DF29>Z58>Z59>CTS8647>Z61>S9939>S23468>S20652>S11023>BY34545>BY34542>BY71464]
|-
|}

<big>'''London'''</big><ref>Most, if not all, were recruited by Thomas Weston on behalf of the Adventurers.</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:8em;" | Living descendants<ref>according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mayflower_Society</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"| [[Billington (Y-DNA)|Billington]]
| ''John'', ''John'', ''Francis''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>Z381>>L48>>Z8>>Z12>Z8175>CTS10742>BY14508>BY145737>FTA18300]
|-
! scope="row"| Britteridge
| ''Richard''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brown(e) (Y-DNA)|Brown(e)]]
| ''Peter''
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Clarke
| ''Richard''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)|Eaton]]
| ''Francis'', ''Samuel''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://isogg.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R1b_(Y-DNA) R1b-U198>S10591>FGC53179]
|-
! scope="row"| Gardiner
| ''Richard''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | likely unm.
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)|Hopkins]]
| ''Stephen'', ''Giles'', ''Oceanus''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>Z381>>L48>Z9>Z331>>FGC12346>FGC49706>A10233>BY3322>A10236>FGC49708>FGC52137>FGC52139>FGC52155>FGC52156>FGC71620>FGC71615]
|-
! scope="row"| Margesson
| ''Edmund''*
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | likely never married
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Christopher Martin (Y-DNA) |Martin]]
| ''Christopher''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Mullins (Y-DNA)|Mullins]]
| ''William''*, ''Joseph''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Rigsdale
| ''John''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Warren (Y-DNA)|Warren]]
| ''Richard''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| E-M35>>E-V13>>Z21367>FTB75387>FTC19215
|-
|}

<big>'''Servants'''</big>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Master
! scope="col" style="width:10em;"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living descendants<ref>according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mayflower_Society</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row" | Isaac Allerton
| Hooke
| ''John''*
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|Brewster & Winslow
| [[More (Y-DNA)|More]]
| ''Richard'', ''Jasper''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}} 
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| John Carver
| [[Howland (Y-DNA)|Howland]]
| ''John''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>Z381>>L48>Z9>>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9701>A9703>A9708>FTA35340]
|-
! scope="row"|
| Latham
| ''William''
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
| Wilder
| ''Roger''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Samuel Fuller
| Button/Butten
| ''William''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Stephen Hopkins
| [[Doty (Y-DNA)|Doty]]
| ''Edward''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>L21>DF13>ZZ10_1>Z16423>Z255>L159(.2)>Z16429>Z16433>A1248>A1245>A1254>FT78842]
|-
! scope="row"|
| Leister
| ''Edward''<ref>Moved to Virginia bef. 1627 Cattle Division. Not known to have married, so assumed no surviving Y-DNA line.</ref>
| {{na}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Christopher Martin
| Langmore
| ''John''<ref>Died, unmarried, shortly after arrival.</ref>
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
| Prowe(r)
| ''Solomon''*
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| William Mullins
| Carter
| ''Robert''*<ref>Died as teenager so no descendants.</ref>
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|Edward Tilley
| [[Samson (Y-DNA)|Samson]]
| ''Henry''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M438 I2a2a I-M223>P222>CTS616>CTS10057>Z161>FGC3575>S2452>L801>Z165>CTS1977>Y4946>Y8935>Y12052>FTB708>FTB4532]
|-
! scope="row" |William White
| Holbeck
| ''William''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
| Thompson
| ''Edward''*
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|Edward Winslow
| [[Soule (Y-DNA)|Soule]]
| ''George''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I-DF29>Z58>Z59>>Z61>Z60>Z140>Z141>Z2535>YSC0000261>L338>S12289>A20032]
|-
! scope="row"|
| Story
| ''Elias''
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

<big>'''Hired Men'''</big>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living descendants<ref>according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mayflower_Society</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)|Alden]]
| ''John''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_RM269 R-P312>>U152>L2>DF103>FGC8158>FT21550>Y48952>FTC62332]
|-
! scope="row"| Allerton
| ''John''*
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| English
| ''Thomas''*<ref>There is a possibility Thomas was married (likely in Leiden) and left a family. Some claim Thomas was the father of Clement English of Salem, MA. More research is needed.</ref>
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)|Standish]]
| ''Myles''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M438 I-M170>P215>CTS2257>L460>P214>S2525>L38>S2606>FGC29656>BY1183>Y18919>S4556>BY14000>FT276288>FT276480]
|}

<big>'''''Mayflower'' Crew'''</big>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"| [[Thomas Clark (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Clark(e)]]
| ''John''
| {{ya}} <ref>Assuming Thomas Clark(e) of Plymouth was his son.</ref>
| {{ya}}
|-
! scope="row"| Coppin
| ''Robert''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Ely
| ''(unknown)''
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Heale (Y-DNA) |Heale]]
| ''Giles (Dr.)''
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
|-
! scope="row"| [[Christopher Jones |Jones
| ''Christopher (Capt.)]]''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Leaver
| ''"Master"''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Parker
| ''John''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Trevor
| ''William''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Williamson
| ''Andrew''
|
|
|-
|}
<references />

[[Y-DNA SNP summary]]

==External links and references==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Mayflower_passengers List of ''Mayflower'' passengers from Wikipedia]
* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/mayflower-passenger-list/ Mayflower passenger list from Caleb Johnson's MayflowerHistory.com]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/genealogy/explore-your-roots/silver-books-project/guide-to-the-silver-books/ Guide to the Silver Books] and [https://www.facebook.com/groups/537404344187696 Facebook Group]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ycolorized Mayflower DNA Project, sponsored by the General Society of Mayflower Descendants (GSMD)]
* [https://fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp.] A DNA testing company offering a variety of DNA tests
* [https://familytreedna.com Family Tree DNA] A DNA testing company offering a variety of DNA tests
* [https://yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] A DNA testing company offering a variety of DNA tests
* [https://www.yseq.net/group_alleles.php?gid=732 YSEQ Mayflower Group] Group for Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of Mayflower Passengers and Allied Families
* [https://www.nevgen.org/ Nevgen Y-DNA Haplogroup Predictor] Predicts SNP Haplogroup based on STR markers. best if 67 or 111 STRs available
* [https://pilgrimhall.org/ Pilgrim Hall Museum]
* [https://wiki.geni.com/index.php/Mayflower_Passengers#Mayflower_Family_Lineage_Reports Geni.com Mayflower Passengers]

© 2015-2025 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Allerton (Y-DNA)

2026-09-07T14:32:27Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* DNA Results TBD */

==Status summary==
As of November 21, 2020:
* Low Priority as no known Y-DNA descendants of Isaac Allerton. See '''Possible Y-DNA Descendants''' below. In addition, research on the family of Bartholomew Allerton (who moved to England) is needed.

<big>'''IMPORTANT: [[Read me First|Read me First'''</big>]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Wakefield, Robert S. and Margaret Harris Stover, ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations, vol. 17 Allerton''
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-3 Isaac Allerton] was born about 1586, son of Bartolomew and Mary (_____) Allerton of East Bergholt, Suffolk, England.<ref>NEHGReg 173:197-205. Deposed abt 53 in 1639 (MD 4:109-10).</ref> He died at New Haven (now part of Connecticut) between 1 Feb 1658/9 - 12 Feb 1658/9.<ref>Court appearance - date of inventory from Anderson, ''Mayflower Migration'' p. 26. See also [https://pilgrimhall.org/pdf/Isaac_Allerton_Will_Inventory.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum probate of Isaac Allerton].</ref> He was married three times: First at Leiden 4 Nov 1611 [NS] (see [[Media:NL-LdnRAL_AR_1004_198_007.jpg.jpg]] for electronic scan of Leiden record. See also [https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=4843969572337397&set=pcb.262638635849546 typed transcript of record].) to [[Mary Norris (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mary Norris]]<ref>MD 7:129-30</ref> who died at Plymouth on 25 Feb 1620/1.<ref>Anderson, ''Mayflower Migration'', p. 26.</ref> Isaac married second, New Plimouth between 1623 - 1626<ref>One child in the May 1627 Cattle Division.</ref> [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-44 Fear Brewster].<ref>not remarried in 1623 land division, but remarried in 1627 Cattle Division.</ref> Isaac married third bet. 1635-1644 Joanna Swinnerton<ref>MQ 47:15-16; MD 2:114; NEHGR 124:133.</ref> (no children).

By his first wife, Isaac had: Bartholomew (c1612), [[Mary Norris (mtDNA)#Second Generation|Remember]] (c1615), [[Mary Norris (mtDNA)#Second Generation|Mary]] (c1617), infant child (bur. 5 Feb 1620), and stillborn son (Dec 1620). By his second wife, Isaac had Sarah (c1626, apparently d.y.) and Isaac (c1628).<ref>Anderson, ''Mayflower Migration'', p. 27.</ref>

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-74 Bartholomew "Bartle" Allerton]<ref>MD 40:7-10</ref> was born in Leiden about 1612.<ref>Based on the assumption he was their first child.</ref> and died in Barnfield, Suffolk, England between 15 Oct 1658 - 19 Feb 1658/9.<ref>MD 40:7-10</ref> He is believed to have married twice: fist by 1640 to Margaret ____ who pre-deceased him, and second [[Fairfax (mtDNA)|Sarah Fairfax]].<ref>ibid.</ref> Bartholomew had four children (order uncertain, all born after 1640)<ref>Still need to discover by which wife</ref>: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-208 Isaac]<ref>It is possible he may have been the Isaac Allerton of New Haven, see first individual of Third Generation.</ref>, [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-209 Mary], [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-210 Dorothy] and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-211 John].<ref>MD 40:8-9 from Probate records of the Archdeaconry of Suffolk, 1644-1700, W109/92, R73/208</ref>

[https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/allerton-isaac-ca-1630-1702/] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-5 (Col.) Isaac Allerton (II)] was born in New Plimoth about 1630<ref>Not named in the 1627 Cattle Division. His father was in England until late Spring 1627. As such, the son could not have been born until ca Mar 1628 at the very earliest. He received a land patent in Virginia on 21 Sep 1652, so he must have been at least aged 21 at that time, so he was born before 21 Sep 1631. In addition he graduated from Harvard University in 1650. See Lambert, Barbara Merrick, "Important Allerton/Brewster Connections", ''Mayflower Descendant'' 42:117-23.</ref> and died sometime between writing his will (Westmoreland Co., VA 25 Oct 1702) and the will being proved (30 Dec 1702). Isaac was married twice: First prob. in New Haven, CT about 1652 to Elizabeth _____ and second, in Virginia between 8 Sep 1662 - 30 Jan 1663/4 to [[Willoughby (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Willoughby]], widow of both Simon Overzee and George Colclough. By his first wife he had [[Starr (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Elizabeth]] and Isaac. By his second wife he had Willoughby, [[Willoughby (mtDNA)#Second Generation|Frances]] and [[Willoughby (mtDNA)#Second Generation|Sarah]].<ref>Some claim Col. Isaac and Elizabeth had another daughter, Mary, who married about 1685 John Newton and had at least three children. However, Mary was not named in her father's will and the GSMD currently does not accept lines of descent from her. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Newton-14712?msclkid=07f67419ced511ec8120479ab7151932 WikiTree] for more information.</ref>

===Third Generation===
'''''Possibly''''' [https://archive.org/details/historyofallerto1900alle/page/35/mode/1up?view=theater][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-85 Isaac Allerton (III)] was born New Haven, CT 11 Jun 1655. He was not mentioned in the 1702 will of his father. These are the only undisputed facts about Isaac (III). There was an Isaac Allerton in New Haven who is said to have had the following children (by wife/wives unknown): John (c1685 m. Elizabeth _____), Jesse (c1687), ''poss.'' Thomas (likely d.sp.) and Isaac (c1696 died young). There is much uncertainty about this line but it is known there were Allerton families in Connecticut, New York and Rhode Island who all believe they connect back to the Mayflower passenger Isaac Allerton through Isaac3.

[https://www.colonial-settlers-md-va.us/getperson.php?personID=I23410&tree=Tree1] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-90 Willoughby Allerton] was born Cople, Westmoreland, VA about 1664 and died there between his will: 16-17 Jan 1723/4 with it being initially presented to court 26 Feb 1723[/4} and probated 25 Mar 1724. He married three times, first bef. 1700 Rosamund Fitzhugh (believed to have died s.p.), then about 1702 [[Taverner (mtDNA)#First Generation|Sarah Taverner]] and lastly, abt 1720 Hannah KEENE, widow of John Bushrod (no children).<ref>After Willoughby's death, widow Hannah married aft Mar 1724 John Cooper.</ref> By his second wife, Willoughby had two children: Isaac (1702) and [[Taverner (mtDNA)#Second Generation|Elizabeth]] (1708). This son Isaac died in 1739 and while he had three sons (Gawin/Gowen, Isaac and Willoughby) they all died s.p. by 1759.

<references />

==Possible Y-DNA descendants==
An Isaac Allerton with wife Elizabeth was living in the New Haven, Connecticut area in the latter part of the Seventeenth Century. They had sons John and Jesse. The identity of this Isaac is still unknown, but is likely either Isaac3<ref>This Isaac, who would have been the eldest son, was not named in his father's 1702 will. It is generally assumed he was then deceased, and had no surviving children. However, this would leave open the question of who was the Isaac Allerton living in New Haven (where his parents lived before emigrating to Virginia).</ref> son of Isaac2 or Isaac3 son of Bartholomew2.

<references />

==DNA Results '''R-FTJ88015'''==
Currently, Family Tree DNA does not have an Allerton surname DNA Project, but has eight kits associated with the Allerton surname.Recently, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview FTDNA Mayflower DNA Project] has identified one individual who claims to be a patrilineal (Y-DNA) Descendant of Isaac Allerton. This individual has taken the Big Y-700 test and been found to fall under: R-P312>>R-DF27>ZZ12_1>FTT1>FGC78762>ZZ19_1>Z31644>FGC78763>FGC13128>FGC13109>FGC13133>FGC13117>Y13802>FGC13125>FGC13134>BY36477>FTH5285>FTJ88015 clade.

===More testing needed===
NGS/WGS testing of additional Allerton patrilineal (Y-DNA) descendants may help further refine the haplogroup assignment for this family.

==References and External Resources==
* Wakefield, Robert S. and Margaret Harris Stover, ''Mayflower Families Through Five Generations, vol. 17:Allerton'' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 1998, reprinted 2018.
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 11-15.
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References: from contemporary records & scholarly journals'', Stewrt Publishing & Printing, Canada, 2011. Second Edition 2015, pp. 30-74
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Mayflower Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth, 1620'' New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 2020 pp. 24-29
* ''The Mayflower Quarterly'' vol. 47 (1981):14-18 "The Children of Isaac Allerton"
* Johnson, Caleb, Sue Allan and Simon Neal, ''New England Historical and Genealogical Register''vol. 173 (2019):197-205 "The Origin and Parentage of ''Mayflower'' Passenger Isaac Allerton in East Bergholt, Suffolk"
* Hall, Newman A., ''The Mayflower Descendant'' vol. 40 pp. 7-10 "Bartholomew Allerton and the Fairfax family of Bramfield, Suffolk"
* Greenwood, Isaac J. ''New England Historical and Genealogical Register'' vol. 44, pp. 290-295 "Allertons of New England and Virginia"
* Lewis, Barbara Lambert, ''The Mayflower Descendant'' vol. 42, pp. 117-123 "Important Allerton/Brewster Corrections"

* [http://www.isaacallerton.com/ Pilgrim Isaac Allerton Society]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Allerton wikipedia article on Isaac Allerton]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/isaac-allerton-biography joint NEHG Society & GSMD Isaac Allerton Profile]
* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/allerton-isaac/ Caleb Johnson's MayflowerHistory.com profile of Isaac Allerton]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allerton-3 wikitree profile for Isaac Allerson]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/allerton-family/ The Allerton Family - The Mayflower Society]

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Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)

2026-09-06T19:40:27Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* mtDNA Results H6a1a9g Ancestral haplotype likely F6244716 */

==Status summary==
As of June 26, 2020
* Page created for the wife (or wives) of William Mullins and their daughter Priscilla.
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/alden/about Alden DNA project] collecting mtDNA results of matrilineal descendants of Priscilla Mullins. Results can be seen at: [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Alden?iframe=mtresults mtDNA results]
* [https://alden.org/ Alden Kindred of America] contacted.
* recruitment of individuals who are matrilineal (all female line) descendants of Priscilla (Mullins) Alden. Folks who believe they are mtDNA descendants should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big>[[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Paper Trail==
For more information see: Woodworth-Barnes, Esther Littleford (ed. by Alicia Crane Williams), ''Mayflower Family Through Five Generations, Vol. 16 Alden''. Names in '''bold font''' have mtDNA descendants who have mtDNA tested.
===First Generation===
Almost nothing is known about [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-210447 Alice], wife of William Mullins. We are not even certain she was the mother of all/some/none of the children of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Mullins-5 William Mullins]. The only mention of her (given) name was in her husband's 1621 will and she died shortly after him, in the general sickness during the winter of 1621.<ref>[http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/Maydeaths.html Mayflower passenger deaths 1620-1621].</ref>

Noted Mayflower researcher, Caleb Johnson, published in the ''Mayflower Quarterly''<ref>MQ 78(Mar 2012):41-57</ref> his research on William Mullins and his wife or wives. While Johnson was not able to prove his findings, he developed a tantalizing hypothesis from his research. Johnson believes William Mullins may have been married twice: His first wife was ''possibly'' [https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LRR6-QW5/elizabeth-wood- Elizabeth], daughter of John Wood and Joan Taylor. Elizabeth is believed to have been the mother of all of Williams' children. After her death, William possibly married Alice _____ Browne, widow of either William Browne (and therefor mother of ''Mayflower'' passenger Peter Browne) or possibly William's brother, Thomas Browne.

William had five children: William, Elizabeth, Sarah, Priscilla and Joseph. Joseph never married and while William married and had a daughter, she never had any children.

===Second Generation===
Elizabeth Mullins was [https://www.geni.com/photo/view/6000000109697666913?album_type=photos_of_me&photo_id=6000000109697356032 baptized] at Holy Trinity Church, Guildford, Surrey on 11 Nov 1598. She likely died young as she was not mentioned in the nuncupative will of her father (1621). Her sister Sarah was called "eldest daughter" in this will.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Mullins-43 Sarah Mullins] was born about 1600. Her father's 1621 probate record calls her "Sare Blunden alias Mullins" so she was then married to _____ Blunden. No further record.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Mullins-7 '''Priscilla Mullins''']<ref>Only two contemporary records give Priscilla's name. The first was her father's will (where she was named) and the second was the list of ''Mayflower'' passengers made by Gov. William Bradford in 1651.</ref> was born about 1602, likely at either Dorking or Guildford, both in co. Surrey, England. She came over on the Mayflower along with her parents and brother Joseph. All of the Mullins family died during the winter of 1621 with the exception of Priscilla. Since she was not named in the 1623 land division, she was at that time already married to [[Alden (Y-DNA)|John Alden]].<ref>It is said they were the third couple married in Plymouth Colony. The first couple was the widow Edward Winslow to the widower Susanna (Jackson) White. Francis Eaton married his second wife, Dorothy about the same time as the marriage of Priscilla Mullins to John Alden. It is currently unknown which couple was married first, or if they were possibly married at the same time.</ref> The Aldens were among the first to move away from the original settlement and founded what is now Duxbury (likely before 1630).<ref>It has been said this new settlement came in stages with folks living out in the new location (where they had more land to farm) during the planting and harvest seasons, then moving back to the main settlement after the harvest. Gradually, folks began to stay at the new settlement year-long.</ref> Priscilla died sometime after 1651 but before her husband's death in 1687.<ref>Tradition states she attended the funeral of Josiah Winslow in 1680, but no contemporary record of her attending this funeral exists.</ref> John and Priscilla had ten children, four sons & six daughters (Elizabeth, Sarah, Mary [unmarried in 1688], Priscilla [unmarried in 1688], Ruth & Rebecca).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Alden-7 '''Elizabeth Alden'''] (c1623-1717) married [[Pabodie (Y-DNA)|William Pabodie]]<ref>later male line descendants changed the surname to Peabody</ref>. They had thirteen children (two sons & eleven daughters: Elizabeth, Mary, Mercy, Martha, Priscilla (1652-1652), Priscilla, Sarah, Ruth, Rebecca, Hannah and Lydia.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Alden-4 '''Sarah Alden'''] (aft 1628-1677) married [[Standish (Y-DNA)|Alexander Standish]]. They had eight children (three sons & five daughters: Lorah, Elizabeth, Mercy, Sarah and Lydia.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Alden-1 '''Ruth Alden'''] (c1643-1674) married [[Bass (Y-DNA)|John Bass]]. They had eight children (four sons & four daughters: Ruth, Hannah, Mary and Sarah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Alden-9 '''Rebecca Alden'''] (c1649-1689) married [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Thomas Delano]]. They had nine children (five sons & four daughter: Deborah, Mary (1680-1756 not believed to have been married), Sarah and Ruth (c1684 m. [[Drew (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Samuel Drew]] but no surviving children).

===Fourth Generation===
[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/12/mode/1up '''Elizabeth Pabodie'''] was born Duxbury 24 Apr 1647 and died there about 4 May 1677. She married Duxbury Nov 1666 [[Rogers (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John Rogers (II)]] and they had five children (all born Duxbury): [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/p4.htm#i100][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg08.htm#23459 '''Hannah'''] (1668 m. Samuel Bradford), [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/p4.htm#i101 John], [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/p4.htm#i102][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg08.htm#9064 Elizabeth] (1673 m. Silvester Richmond), [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/p4.htm#i103][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg03.htm#9533 Ruth] (1675 m. James Bennett, no children) and [https://thomasrogerssociety.com/p4.htm#i104][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg08.htm#21464 Sarah] (1677 m. Nathaniel Searle).

[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/12/mode/1up Mary Pabodie] was born Duxbury 7 Aug 1648 and died there after 11 Dec 1727. She married Duxbury 16 Nov 1669 [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Edward Southworth]] and they had eight children (all born Duxbury): [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/46/mode/1up][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg08.htm#23011 Mercy] (c1670 m. [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Moses Soule]][https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I567&tree=georgesouletree]), Elizabeth (1672 d. young), Thomas (c1676), Constant (son) (c1678), Benjamin (c1681), John (c1687), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/50/mode/1up][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg08.htm#8700 Elizabeth] (c1690 m. Samuel Weston), and [http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg03.htm#12295 Priscilla] (1692-1761, unm.)

[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/14/mode/1up Mercy Pabodie] was born Duxbury 2 Jan 1649/50 and died there 26 Sep 1728. She married Duxbury 16 Nov 1669 [[Simmons (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John Simmons]] and they had nine children (all born Duxbury): John (1670), William (1672), Isaac (1674), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/60/mode/1up][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg08.htm#32749 Martha] (1677 m. [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Ebenezer Delano]] & Samuel West), Benjamin (c1679), Moses (1680/1), Joseph (1683), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/64/mode/1up][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg09.htm#22575 Rebecca] (1685 m. [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Fourth Generation |Constant Southworth]]) and Joshua (1688).

[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/16/mode/1up Martha Pabobie] was born Duxbury 24 Feb 1650/1 and died Little Compton (now RI) about 25 Jan 1711. She married twice: First Duxbury 4 Apr 1677 [[Seabury_(Y-DNA)#Second_Generation|(Dr.) Samuel Seabury]] (d. 1681) and second there in 1682 William Fobes. By her first husband (Samuel Seabury) Martha had two children (born Duxbury): Joseph (1678) and [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/68/mode/1up Martha] (1679 m. Josiah Sawyer). By her second husband (William Fobes) Martha had four additional children: [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/70/mode/1up Elizabeth] (c1683 m. William Briggs), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/70/mode/1up Constant] (dau) (1686 m. [[Little (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|John Little]]), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/72/mode/1up Mary] (c1689 m. [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Edward Southworth]]) and [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/74/mode/1up Mercy] (1694-1711/2).

[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/22/mode/1up Priscilla Pabodie] was born Duxbury 15 Jan 1653/4 and died Kingston 3 Jun 1724 She married Duxbury 24 Dec 1677 [https://familypedia.fandom.com/wiki/Ichabod_Wiswall_(1637-1700) Rev. Ichabod Wiswall (d. 1700)].<ref>Some sources state she had two more husbands: second Isaac Averill and third Michael Sprague, but her death record was under Priscilla Wiswall.</ref> and they had six children: [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/74/mode/1up Mercy] (1680 m. John Wadsworth (II)), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/76/mode/1up Hannah] (1682 m. John Robinson), Peleg (1683), Perez (1686), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/78/mode/1up][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg10.htm#23380 Priscilla] (1691 m. Gershom Bradford) and [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/78/mode/1up Deborah] (1693 m. Samuel Seabury (III)).

[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/24/mode/1up Sarah Pabodie] was born Duxbury 7 Aug 1656 and died Little Compton, RI 27 Aug 1740. She married Duxbury 10 Nov 1681 John Coe and they had seven children: [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/80/mode/1up Lydia] (1683 m. John Bailey), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/80/mode/1up Sarah] (1686 m. Samuel Tompkins), Samuel (1692), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/84/mode/1up Elizabeth] (1694 m. Edward Burgess), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/84/mode/1up Hannah] (1696 likely never married but was the mother of one daughter), John (1699) and Joseph (1700).

[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/26/mode/1up Ruth Pabodie] was born Duxbury 27 Jun 1658 and died there 27 Mar 1725. She married Duxbury about Dec 1678 [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin Bartlett]] and they had nine children: Robert (1679), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/88/mode/1up Sarah] (c1681 m. Israel Bradford), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/90/mode/1up Rebecca] (1684 m. John Bradford), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/90/mode/1up Ruth] (1690 m. John Murdock), Mercy (1694 m. John Turner), William (c1695), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/90/mode/1up Priscilla] (1697 m. [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John Samson]]), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/92/mode/1up Deborah] (c1701 m. Josiah Thomas) and [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/94/mode/1up Abigail] (1704 m. [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Gamaliel Bradford, Esq.]])

[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/28/mode/1up Rebecca Pabodie] was born Duxbury 16 Oct 1660 and died Little Compton (now in RI) 23 Dec 1702. She married Duxbury about 1680 [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Capt.) William Southworth]] and they had nine children: Benjamin (1681), Joseph (1683), Edward (1684), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/102/mode/1up Elizabeth] (1686 m. [[Little (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|David Little]]), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/104/mode/1up Alice] (1688 m. John Cook), Samuel (1690), Nathaniel (1692), Thomas (1694) and Stephen (1698).

[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/32/mode/1up '''Hannah Pabodie'''] was born Duxbury 15 Oct 1662 and died Plymouth 29 Apr 1723. She married twice: First Duxbury 2 Aug 1683 [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel Bartlett]] (d. 1713), second Plymouth 4 Mar 1715 John Churchill. Hannah only had (eight) children by her first husband (Samuel Bartlett): Benjamin (1684), Joseph (1686), Hannah (c1689 m. Benjamin Arnold & [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph Delano]]), Samuel (1691), Ichabod (1693), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/114/mode/1up][http://alden.org/aldengenealogy/database/pafg12.htm#15819 Lydia] (1694 m. Samuel Morton), '''Elizabeth''' (c1700 m. Joseph Bartlett (III)), and [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/114/mode/1up Sarah] (p1700 m. Elisha Holmes).

[https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/36/mode/1up '''Lydia Pabodie'''] was born Duxbury 3 Apr 1667 and died Saybrook (now Westbrook), CT 13 Jul 1748. She married about 1683 Daniel Grinnell and they had ten children (first eight born at Little Compton, last two at Saybrook (now Westbrook)): [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/134/mode/1up Mary] (1685 m. Robert Lay), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/136/mode/1up Elizabeth] (c1687 m. John Stevens), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/136/mode/1up '''Priscilla'''] (1698 m. Theophilus Redfield), Paybody (son)(c1691), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/136/mode/1up Lydia] (c1693 m. Joseph Clark), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/138/mode/1up Rebecca] (c1695 m. John Doud & Gideon Wellman), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/138/mode/1up '''Sarah'''] (c1698 m. John Booker, John Pike & poss. Joseph Nettleton), George (1702), [https://archive.org/details/elizabethaldenpa00alde/page/138/mode/1up Jemima] (1704/5 m. Abraham Carter) and Daniel (1707/8) and Ruth (d. bef 1741, likely unm.)

[https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11095&tree=MylesStandish Lorah Standish] was born Duxbury about 1661 and died there after 2 Aug 1725. She married Duxbury about 1680 [[Abraham Sampson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Abraham Sampson (II)]] and they had seven children: Nathaniel (c1682), Abraham (c1686), Miles (c1692), Ebenezer (c1696), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11385&tree=MylesStandish Sarah] (1697 m. [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph Samson]] & John Rouse), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11530&tree=MylesStandish Grace] (c1701 never married) and [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11584&tree=MylesStandish Rebecca] (c1703 unmarried in 1725 will of father).

[https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11600&tree=MylesStandish '''Elizabeth Standish'''] was born Duxbury about 1663 and died after 1731. She married Duxbury about 1683 [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel Delano]] and they had nine children: [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11598&tree=MylesStandish Jane] (1686), Samuel (1688), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11562&tree=MylesStandish Mary] (1691), Hasadiah (son)(1691), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11583&tree=MylesStandish Rebecca] (1693 m. [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Fourth Generation |Benjamin Southworth]]), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11611&tree=MylesStandish Elizabeth] (c1694 m. [[Chandler (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph Chandler]]), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11193&tree=MylesStandish '''Priscilla'''] (c1696 m. Benjamin Simmons), Jesse (c1704) and [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11087&tree=MylesStandish Sarah] (c1708 m. [[Simmons (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joshua Simmons]]).

[https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11977&tree=MylesStandish '''Mercy Standish'''] was born Duxbury about 1665 and died there before 30 Jan 1729. She married Duxbury before 1686 [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Caleb Sampson]] and they had nine children: Caleb (c1686), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11631&tree=MylesStandish Lora] (c1688 m. Benjamin Simmons), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11166&tree=MylesStandish '''Rachel'''] (c1695 m. Moses Simmons), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11064&tree=MylesStandish Priscilla] (c1697 never married), Caleb (c1699), Joshua (c1700), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11617&tree=MylesStandish Ruth] (c1702 m. John Fullerton), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11131&tree=MylesStandish Jerusha] (1704/5 m. Ebenezer Bartlett) and [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11532&tree=MylesStandish Sarah] (c1707 unmarried in 1721).

[https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11141&tree=MylesStandish Sarah Standish] was born Duxbury about 1666 and died Plympton 4 Mar 1739/40 in her 74th year. She married about 1693 [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin Soule]] and they had six children (first five recorded Plymouth, last at Plympton): Zachariah (1694), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11245&tree=MylesStandish Hannah] (1696/7 m. George Sampson (II)), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11344&tree=MylesStandish Sarah] (1699-1716 unm.), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I10992&tree=MylesStandish Deborah] (1702 m. Jabez Fuller Nov 1724 and she died two months later), Benjamin (1704) and Ebenezer (1710/1).

[https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I9674&tree=MylesStandish Lydia Standish] was born Duxbury about 1662 and died Middleborough 1748,<ref>Other sources state she died 1734</ref> age 76. She married Duxbury after 26 Oct 1686 [[Abraham Sampson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac Sampson]] and they had nine children: son (c1687), Isaac (1688), Jonathan (1690), Josiah (1692), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11069&tree=MylesStandish Lydia] (1694 unm. in 1734), Ephraim (1698), [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11222&tree=MylesStandish Priscilla] (1700 m. Jabez Fuller), Peleg (1700) and Barnabas (1705).

Ruth Bass was born Braintree 28 Jan 1662 and died there 5 Jun 1699. She married Braintree before 7 May 1684 [[Webb (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Peter Webb]] and they had ten children: Ruth (1684 m. Thomas Faxon), Peter (1685), David (1687), Christopher (1689), Hannah (1692 d.y.), John (1693), Hannah (1694 m. John Allen & Robert Griffin), Joseph (1696), Priscilla (1697 m. Samuel Hayden) and Mary (1698 m. Henry Allen).

Hannah Bass was born Braintree 22 Jun 1667 and died there 24 Oct 1705. She married Braintree 20 Feb 1687/8 [[Adams (Y-DNA) |Joseph Adams (II)]] and they had eight children: Joseph (1688/9), John (1690/1), Samuel (1693/4), Josiah (1695/6), Hannah (1697/8 m. Benjamin Owen), Ruth (1700 m. (Rev.) Nathan Webb), Bethiah (1702 m. Ebenezer Hunt, Benjamin Bicknell & Joshua Hayward) and Ebenezer (1704).

'''Mary Bass''' was born Braintree 11 Feb 1669 and died Randolph 10 Apr 1725. She married three times: First Braintree 24 May 1686 [[Webb (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Christopher Webb]] (d. 1689), second Braintree 13 Apr 1694 William Copeland (d. 1716) and third 1718 Ebenezer Spear (d. 1719). By her first husband (Christopher Webb) Mary had three children: Hannah (1686 unm.), Sarah (1688 m. Samuel Arnold) and Christopher (1690). By her second husband (William Copeland), Mary had nine more children: William (1694/5), Ephraim (1697), Ebenezer (1698/9), Jonathan (1701), David (1704), Joseph (1706), Benjamin (1708), Moses (1710) and '''Mary''' (1713 m. Ephraim Jones). Mary had no children by her third husband (Ebenezer Spear).

Sarah Bass was born Braintree 29 Mar 1672 and died there 19 Aug 1751. She married Braintree 7 Jan 1692 [[Thomas Thayer (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Ephraim Thayer]] and they had fourteen children: Sarah (1691/2 m. Seth Dorman), Ephraim (1694), Philip (1696), Hannah (1697/8 m. Nathaniel Blanchard & William Noyes), Joseph (1699), Shadrack (1701), Christopher (1702/3), Ruth (1704 m. John Capen), Esther (1705 m. Moses French), Napthali (son) (1706/7), Peter (1708), Priscilla (1709/10 m. Elijah Hayden, Joseph Ford, & William Spear), James (1711/2) and Abigail (1713 m. Benjamin Richards).

'''Deborah Delano''' was born Duxbury 1672 and died there before 23 Mar 1715. She married Duxbury 1696 [[Weston (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|John Weston]] and they had seven children: Rebecca (1698 m. Samuel Spooner), Desire (c1700), '''Deborah''' (1702 m. Benjamin Prior), Isaac, Jonathan, Abner and Eliphas

Sarah Delano was born Duxbury about 1682 and died Middleborough after 15 May 1746. She married about 1702 [[Drew (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John Drew]] and they had six children: John (c1703), Thomas (c1706), Mary (c1707 m. [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac Bennett]]), Elizabeth (1709), Jemima (c1716 m. Peter Reed) and Abigail (c1716-1726).

<references />

==mtDNA Results '''H6a1a9g''' Ancestral haplotype likely F6244716==
The [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=mtresults Mayflower DNA Project] lists four matrilineal (all female line) descendants of Priscilla. All four have taken the full mtDNA test, which tests every single base pair of the mitochondrial DNA. They all fall under the H6a1a9 haplogroup.
FTDNA's new Mitotree has assigned them to H6a1a9g.<ref>One of them has two additional mutations (309.2C & C16234T) which must have occurred somewhere in this individual's maternal line of descent. A second descendant also has a different mutation as there are two different subclades (H6a1a9g1 and H6a1a9g2).</ref>

Like most mtDNA haplogroups, this clade is quite old with [https://discover.familytreedna.com/mtdna/H6a1a9g/story FTDNA] estimating it formed roughly 600 CE. Thus not everyone who falls into this clade would descend from Priscilla Mullin, but all Priscilla Mullin matrilineal descendants must fall into this clade (or a subclade below this clade). There are two modern subclades H6a1a9g1 and H6a1a9g2 currently belonging to Priscilla, but they are both estimated to have formed around 1900 CE.

===Lineage of descendants===
The Mayflower Descendant 66[2018]:23-30 has an article documenting seven mtDNA lines of descent from Priscilla Mullins.
1 Priscilla MULLINS Alden (c1602-p1651)
2 Elizabeth ALDEN Pabodie (c1623-1717)
3 Elizabeth PABODIE Rogers (1647-1677)
4 Hannah ROGERS Bradford (1668-1754)
5 Hannah BRADFORD Gilbert (1690-1772)
6 Mary GILBERT Godfrey (1717-1811)
7 Mary GODFREY Cooke (1740-1795)
8 Mary COOKE Hatch (1766-1844)
9 Nancy HATCH Stevens (1785-1865)
10 Fanny Aletha STEVENS Upham (1812-1896)
11 Mary Frances UPHAM Beckley (1837-1904)
12 Fannie Lucretia BECKLEY Seems (1874-1937)
13 ''mother of tester'' 
14 ''tester'' 
3 Hannah PABODIE Bartlett (1662-1723)
4 Elizabeth BARTLETT Bartlett (c1700- )
5 Elizabeth "Betty" BARTLETT Rider (c1726-1791)
6 Elizabeth "Betsy" RIDER Churchill (1752-1794)
7 Lydia CHURCHILL Cook (1778-1842)
8 Mary Elizabeth COOK Mann (1808-1887)
9 Lydia Catherine MANN Adams (1830-1912)
10 Elizabeth ADAMS Covington (1854-1927)
11 ''mother of tester'' 
12 ''tester'' 
12 ''mother of tester''
13 ''tester'' 
10 Lydia Catherine ADAMS Allen (1861-1911)
11 ''mother of tester'' 
12 ''tester'' 
6 Priscilla RIDER Redding (1756-1857)
7 Elizabeth "Betty" REDDING Bovee (1777-1834)
8 Elvira Priscilla BOVEE Nelson (1809-1882)
9 Mary Eliza NELSON Glasgow (1847-1922)
10 Jane Maude "Jennie" GLASGOW Earhart (1877-1959)
11 Anna Velma EARHART Loeffler (1898-1986)
12 Elsie May LOEFFLER Hightower (1927-2000)
13 ''grandmother'' 
14 ''mother'' 
15 ''tester'' 
3 Lydia PABODIE Grinnell (1667-1748)
4 Priscilla GRINNELL Redfield (c1689-1770)
5 Priscilla REDFIELD Bradley (1720-1770)
6 Priscilla BRADLEY Abernathy (1743-1784)
7 Pamela ABERNATHY Beach (1782-1849)
8 Ursula BEACH Beach (1813- )
9 Viola BEACH McMoran (1848- )
10 Ellen Viola McMORAN Gallinger (1867-1940)
11 Amelia May GALLINGER Sanford (1894-1975)
12 Virginia May SANFORD Sielenski (1917-2007)
13 ''grandmother of tester''
14 ''mother of tester''
15 ''tester'' 
4 Sarah GRINNELL Brooker Pike Nettleton (1694-1775)
5 Patience BROOKER Allen (1732-1765)
6 Sarah ALLEN Kelsey (1761-1814)
7 Martha Rebecca KELSEY Holt (1793-1855)
8 Marion Bradford HOLT Derby (1819-1909)
9 Martha Eliza DERBY Willett (1864-1961)
10 Edith Grace WILLETT Barnes (1897-1943)
11 ''mother of tester''
12 ''tester'' 
2 Sarah ALDEN Standish (p1628-1677)
3 Mercy STANDISH Samson (c1664-1729)
4 Rachel SAMSON Simmons (1690-1761)
5 Deborah SIMMONS Weston (1732-1831)
6 Abigail WESTON Kent (1765-1855)
7 Sarah Smith KENT Hunt (1786-1870)
8 Marcia HUNT Brewster (1825-1898)
9 Zilpha Ella BREWSTER Turner (1859-1930)
10 Bethia Agnes TURNER Rogers (1896-1941)
11 ''tester'' 
3 Elizabeth STANDISH Delano (c1665-p1731)
4 Priscilla DELANO Simmons (c1696- )
5 Betty SIMMONS Walker
6 Elizabeth WALKER Kent
7 Abigail KENT Morse
8 Irene MORSE Griswold
9 Harriet Talcott GRISWOLD Lane
10 ''mother of tester'' 
11 ''tester'' (GD of 1 from modal value) 
2 Ruth ALDEN Bass (c1643-1674)
3 Mary BASS Webb Copeland (1669-1725)
4 Mary COPELAND Jones (1713- )
5 Mary "Molly" JONES Dyer
6 Mary DYER Spear
7 Charlotte SPEAR Hunt (1792-1863)
8 Sarah "Sally" HUNT Fitts (1817-1901)
9 Malona Frances FITTS Howe (1842-1869)
10 Bertha Malona HOWE Mason (1867-1940)
11 Frances Malona MASON Hall (1907-1967)
12 ''mother of tester'' 
13 ''tester'' 
6 Esther DYER Flanders (c1794-1876)
7 Mary "Polly" M. FLANDERS Rouse (1824-1856)
8 Esther Cordelia ROUSE Clayson (1845-1917)
9 Ruth CLAYSON McWithey (1864-1941)
10 Mary Affie Aristine McWITHEY Congdon (1904-1980)
11 ''mother of tester''
12 ''tester'' 
2 Rebecca ALDEN Delano (c1649-1689)
3 Deborah DELANO Weston (1672-b1715)
4 Deborah WESTON Prior (1702-1775)
5 Eunice PRIOR Lowden (1736-1802)
6 Lucy LOWDEN Josselyn (c1761-1838)
7 Eunice JOSSELYN Martin (1789-1878)
8 Abigail Ann MARTIN Moore (1812-1894)
9 Charlotte M. MOORE Ferguson (1841-1918)
10 Nettie Maude FERGUSON Merrill (1864-1929)
11 Lottie Esther MERRILL Grows (1885-1965)
12 ''mother of tester''
13 ''tester'' 

===Other mtDNA matches===
Family Tree DNA documents a small number of exact mtDNA matches with folks who list their Most Distant Known Matrilineal ancestor as someone other than Priscilla MULLINS Alden. It is possible some of them may descend from Priscilla, but it is likely most of them descend from some currently unknown matrilineal ancestor of Priscilla. Further research in these mtDNA matches may help in identifying the mother of Priscilla.

In this regard, the possible identification (by noted Mayflower researcher Caleb Johnson) of William Mullins possibly marrying twice, with his first wife possibly being a daughter of John Wood and Joan Taylor may be a key. John and Joan Wood also had a daughter Mary Wood, who married John Hussey. John and Mary Hussey were the parents of Christopher Hussey (an early emigrant to New Hampshire). It is possible a sister (or female cousin) of Christopher Hussey may also have emigrated to New England.

<references />

==References and External Links==
* Johnson, Caleb H., ''The Mayflower Quarterly'' 78(Mar 2012):44-57
* Dunn, Michael Sean, "The Parents of Esther (Dyer) Flanders (1790-1876) of Braintree, Vermont and Lincoln County, New York: A Matrilineal Priscilla Mullins Descent." ''The Mayflower Descendant'' 66(2018):23-31
* Woodworth-Barnes, Esther Littleford (ed. by Alicia Crane Williams), ''Mayflower Family Through Five Generations, Vol. 16 Alden'' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA part 1 (first four generations) 1999; part 2 (fifth generation of daughter Elizabeth) 2002; part 4 (fifth generation of daughter Ruth) 2015; part 5 (fifth generation of daughter Sarah) 2016
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priscilla_Alden wikipedia entry for Priscilla Mullins]
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 1010, 84
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada Second edition 2015
* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/mullins-priscilla/ Caleb Johnson's ''Mayflower History'' entry for Priscilla Mullins]
* [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/749/priscilla-alden Find-a-grave entry for Priscilla Mullins]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/william-mullins-biography New England Historical and Genealogical Society "Mayflower 2020" entry for William Mullins family]
* [http://www.alden.org/ Alden Kindred of America website]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Mullins-7 WikiTree profile for Priscilla Mullins]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-mullins-family/ The Mullins Family - The Mayflower Society]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-alden-family/ The Alden Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2022 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Oldham (mtDNA)

2026-09-06T16:22:48Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* DNA results */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of May 6, 2021: ===
* Recruiting additional matrilineal (direct female-line) Lucretia (Oldham) Brewster descendants for full mtDNA testing - anyone interested in submitting their DNA for testing should contact MayflowerDNA1620@gmail.com

==Biography==
For more information see Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014, part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019. Individuals in '''bold font''' have an mtDNA descendant who has mtDNA tested.
===English Ancestry===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sowter-2 Philippa Sowter]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 6 Jul 1568, daughter of John Sowter (mother's name unknown). She died in Derby about 1602. She married All Saints, Derby, 17 Nov 1588 William Sowter and they had: ''poss.'' Margaret (1590), [[John Oldham (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John]] (1592), Elizabeth (1594-1604), Jacob (1597-1598), Thomas (1598), Lucretia (1600) and Grace (1604).

===First Generation===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Oldham-1 Lucretia Oldham]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 14 Jan 1600/1, daughter of William Oldham and Philippa Sowter. Lucretia died at Brewster's Neck, Norwich (now Preston) 4 Mar 1678/9. She married at New Plimoth Colony 10 Apr 1624 [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Johnnathan Brewster] and they had eight children: William (1624/5), Mary (1627), Johnnathan (1629), Ruth (1631), Benjamin (1633), Elizabeth (1637), Grace (1639) and Hannah (1641).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-9 Mary Brewster] was born New Plimoth Colony 16 Apr 1627 and died Scituate aft 23 Mar 1697/8<ref>She acknowledged a deed on this date.</ref> She married Plymouth 12 Nov 1645 [[Turner (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John Turner "the Elder"]]<ref>John had a brother John Turner "the Younger".</ref> and they had thirteen children (born Scituate): Jonathan (1646), Joseph (1647/8-1647/8), Joseph (1648/9), Ezekiel (1650/1), Lydia (1652/3), John (1654), Elisha (1656/7), Mary (1658), Benjamin (1660/1), Ruth (1663), Isaac (1665), Grace (1668) and Amos (1671).

'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-2 Ruth Brewster]''' was born Jones River (now Duxbury) 3 Oct 1631 and died New London, CT 30 Apr 1677<ref>some sources have 1 May 1677.</ref>. She married twice, first New London 14 Mar 1651 [[Pickett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John Pickett]] and second 16 Jul 1668 New London [[Hill (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Charles Hill]]. By her first husband, Ruth had six children (born New London): Mary (c1652), Ruth (c1654), John (1656), Adam (1658), Mercy (1660/1) and William (bp 1670). By her second husband, Ruth had five more children (New London): Jane (1669 unm.), Charles (1671), Ruth (1673-1673), Jonathan (1674) and infant son (1677-1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-42 Elizabeth Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 May 1637 and died New London, CT Feb 1708, aged about 70. She married twice, first 7 Sep 1653 New London, Peter Bradley and second abt 1676<ref>Elizabeth had two children by Christopher Christophers before his first wife died and they remarried.</ref> Christopher Christophers. By her first husband Elizabeth had at least four children (New London): Elizabeth (1654/5), Hannah (1656), Peter (1658), Lucretia (1661) and poss. William (c1662). By her second husband Elizabeth had: John (1668), infant (1673-4) and poss. Hannah (c1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-49 Grace Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 Nov 1639 and died New London, CT 22 Apr 1684. She married New London 4 Aug 1659 (Capt.) Daniel Wetherell and they had nine children (born New London): Hannah (1659/60), Mary (1662-1662), infant/stillborn son (c1663), infant/stillborn son (c1664), infant/stillborn son (c1665), infant/stillborn son (c1666), Mary (1668), Daniel (1670/1) and Samuel (1679-c1680).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-50 Hannah Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 3 Nov 1641 and died of Groton, CT Dec 1711. She married twice, first New London 23 Dec 1664 [[Starr (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel Starr]] and second New London bef 8 May 1690 James Morgan (II) (no children by this marriage). By her first marriage Hannah had four children (New London): Samuel (1665), Thomas (1668), Comfort (son 1671) and Jonathan (1673/4).

===Third Generation===
Lydia Turner was born Scituate 24 Jan 1652/3 and died there 20 Jun 1714. She married twice, first Scituate abt 1676<ref>Estimate, based on child born Jan 1676/7.</ref> to John James then Scituate 20 Apr 1680 William Barrell. By her first husband she had one child (Scituate): John 10 Jan 1676/7. By her second husband Lydia had five more children (Scituate): Mary (bp 1681 d.y.), William (1683), Lydia (1684 m. Samuel Stockbridge), Mary (1686 m. James Cushing) and James (1687).

Mary Turner was born Scituate 10 Dec 1658 and died Hull 10 Dec 1738. She married Hull 23 Dec 1679 Isaac Prince and they had eleven children (Hull): Alice (1680 m. Edward Foster), Isaac (1682), Elisha (1684), Mary (1685 m. Joseph Goold), David (1687), Jacob (1690), James (1692), Joseph (1694), Caleb (1695), Ruth (1698 m. Joseph Soper) and Honor (dau 1701 m. Francis Loud II).

Ruth Turner was born Scituate in 1662 and died Duxbury 8 Oct 1729. She married twice, first Scituate 23 Dec 1685 Thomas Prince then Scituate 3 Oct 1701 Israel Sylvester. By her first husband Ruth had five children: Thomas (1686), James (1687), Ruth (1690-1690), Margaret (1690/1-b1704), Benjamin (1693/4) and Job (1695). By her second husband Ruth had three more children: Ruth (1701 m. Francis Cooke (II), Samuel Ring & John Phinney), Israel (son 1705) and Grace (1706 m. Isaac Partridge).

Grace Turner was born Scituate 2 Aug 1668 and died New London, CT 1 Jun 1734. She married New London 3 Sep 1691 Richard Christophers and they had eleven children (New London): Joseph (1692), Mary (1694 m. John Gray & Jonathan Prentice), Jonathan (1696), Grace (1698 m. John Coit), infant son (1699), Lydia (1701 m. Daniel Coit), Berrie (son 1703), Ruth (1705 m. Daniel Deshon), Joanna (1706/7 m. Benejah Leffingwell & John Dyer), Lucretia (1709 m John Henry Braddick) and Lucy (1711 m. Jonathan Douglas & Guy Palmes).

Mary Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1652 and died New London, CT 13 Jan 1734/5. She married New London 10 Apr 1672 Benjamin Shapley and they had eight children (New London): Ruth (1672 m. John Morgan II), Benjamin (1675), Mary (1677 m. Joseph Truman), Joseph (1681), Ann (1685 m. Thomas Avery, Jonathan Russ & James Morgan), Daniel (1689), Jane (1694 m. Joshua Appleton) and Adam (1697).

Ruth Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1653 and died Lyme, CT 14 Sep 1690. She married Lyme 1673 Moses Noyes and they had four children (Lyme): Moses (1678), Ruth (1681 m. James Wadsworth), Sarah (1683 m. Timothy Mather) and John (c1687).

'''Mercy Pickett''' was born New London 16 Jan 1661 and died there 25 Nov 1725. She married twice, first New London 1 Nov 1682 Samuel Fosdick then New London 6 Dec 1703 John Arnold. By her first husband Mercy had eight children (New London): Samuel (1683-1683), Samuel (1684), Mercy (1686 m. Thomas Jiggles), Ruth (1689 m. James Tilley), Annah (1691 m. Thomas Latham), John (1693), Thomas (1696) and Mary (1699 m. Richard Sutton). By her second husband, Mercy had two more children: Ruhamah (1704 m. Elisha Turner & Daniel Ely) and Lucretia (1706 m. Nathaniel Saltonstall & John Proctor).

Elizabeth Bradley was born CT 16 Mar 1654 and died New London. She married there 22 Sep 1670 Thomas Dimon (II) and they had six children: Elizabeth (1672 m. Robert Latimer III), Thomas (1675), Moses (1677), Ruth (1680 m. Benjamin Shapley) and John (1686).

Hannah Bradley was born New London, CT 17 Sep 1656 and died aft 3 Sep 1725. She married abt 1676 Andrew Lester and they had three children: Jonathan (1678), Hannah (1685 m. James Forsyth) and Samuel (1686).

Lucretia Bradley was born 16 Aug 1661 and died New London 7 Jan 1691. She married 26 Jan 1681 Richard Christophers and they had four children: Christopher (1682), Richard (1685), Peter (1687) and John (1690).

(likely NOT) Hannah Christophers<ref>Her mother had a surviving daughter, Hannah, by her first husband. It is unlikely she would give the same name to a second child. The surname of the wife of Hannah, wife of Daniel Geer is uncertain. Some claim she was Hannah Christophers. It is possible mtDNA testing may help settle this issue. See [https://vitabrevis.americanancestors.org/2022/06/things-that-scream-dna/]</ref> is said to have been born New London about 1675 and died Preston 24 Oct 1728. She is said to have married bef 1700 Daniel Geer and had six children: Daniel (1700), John (1703), Christopher (1706), Ebenezer (1709), William (1713) and Thankful (1721 m. Edward Wheeler).

Hannah Wetherell was born New London, CT 21 Mar 1660 and died there 16 Sep 1689. She married 26 May 1680 Adam Pickett and they had three children (New London): Adam (1681), John (1685) and Hannah (1689-b1719 unm.)

Mary Wetherell was born New London 7 Oct 1668 and died there 22 Aug 1711. She married twice, first 4 Nov 1690 Thomas Harris then Stonington 1693 George Denison. By her first husband she had one child: Mary (1690 m. Walter Butler). By her second husband she had eight children: Grace (1695 m. Edward Hallam), Phebe (1697 m. Gibson Harris), Hannah (1699 m. John Hough), Borodell (1701 m. Jonathan Latimer), Daniel Raymond (1703), Wetherell (1705), Ann (1707 m. Jabez Hough & Samuel Richards) and Sarah (1710 m. William Douglas).

<references />

==DNA results==
To date, no known matrilineal (mtDNA) descendants of Lucretia OLDHAM Brewster have mtDNA tested and published their test results. Anyone who believes they are matrilineal descendants of Lucretia are encouraged to mtDNA test and reach out after reading the [[Read me First|answers to the most common question asked]]
.



==References & External Links==
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633), New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 1995

Oldham (mtDNA)

2026-09-06T14:17:06Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* DNA results */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of May 6, 2021: ===
* Recruiting additional matrilineal (direct female-line) Lucretia (Oldham) Brewster descendants for full mtDNA testing - anyone interested in submitting their DNA for testing should contact MayflowerDNA1620@gmail.com

==Biography==
For more information see Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014, part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019. Individuals in '''bold font''' have an mtDNA descendant who has mtDNA tested.
===English Ancestry===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sowter-2 Philippa Sowter]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 6 Jul 1568, daughter of John Sowter (mother's name unknown). She died in Derby about 1602. She married All Saints, Derby, 17 Nov 1588 William Sowter and they had: ''poss.'' Margaret (1590), [[John Oldham (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John]] (1592), Elizabeth (1594-1604), Jacob (1597-1598), Thomas (1598), Lucretia (1600) and Grace (1604).

===First Generation===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Oldham-1 Lucretia Oldham]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 14 Jan 1600/1, daughter of William Oldham and Philippa Sowter. Lucretia died at Brewster's Neck, Norwich (now Preston) 4 Mar 1678/9. She married at New Plimoth Colony 10 Apr 1624 [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Johnnathan Brewster] and they had eight children: William (1624/5), Mary (1627), Johnnathan (1629), Ruth (1631), Benjamin (1633), Elizabeth (1637), Grace (1639) and Hannah (1641).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-9 Mary Brewster] was born New Plimoth Colony 16 Apr 1627 and died Scituate aft 23 Mar 1697/8<ref>She acknowledged a deed on this date.</ref> She married Plymouth 12 Nov 1645 [[Turner (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John Turner "the Elder"]]<ref>John had a brother John Turner "the Younger".</ref> and they had thirteen children (born Scituate): Jonathan (1646), Joseph (1647/8-1647/8), Joseph (1648/9), Ezekiel (1650/1), Lydia (1652/3), John (1654), Elisha (1656/7), Mary (1658), Benjamin (1660/1), Ruth (1663), Isaac (1665), Grace (1668) and Amos (1671).

'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-2 Ruth Brewster]''' was born Jones River (now Duxbury) 3 Oct 1631 and died New London, CT 30 Apr 1677<ref>some sources have 1 May 1677.</ref>. She married twice, first New London 14 Mar 1651 [[Pickett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John Pickett]] and second 16 Jul 1668 New London [[Hill (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Charles Hill]]. By her first husband, Ruth had six children (born New London): Mary (c1652), Ruth (c1654), John (1656), Adam (1658), Mercy (1660/1) and William (bp 1670). By her second husband, Ruth had five more children (New London): Jane (1669 unm.), Charles (1671), Ruth (1673-1673), Jonathan (1674) and infant son (1677-1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-42 Elizabeth Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 May 1637 and died New London, CT Feb 1708, aged about 70. She married twice, first 7 Sep 1653 New London, Peter Bradley and second abt 1676<ref>Elizabeth had two children by Christopher Christophers before his first wife died and they remarried.</ref> Christopher Christophers. By her first husband Elizabeth had at least four children (New London): Elizabeth (1654/5), Hannah (1656), Peter (1658), Lucretia (1661) and poss. William (c1662). By her second husband Elizabeth had: John (1668), infant (1673-4) and poss. Hannah (c1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-49 Grace Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 Nov 1639 and died New London, CT 22 Apr 1684. She married New London 4 Aug 1659 (Capt.) Daniel Wetherell and they had nine children (born New London): Hannah (1659/60), Mary (1662-1662), infant/stillborn son (c1663), infant/stillborn son (c1664), infant/stillborn son (c1665), infant/stillborn son (c1666), Mary (1668), Daniel (1670/1) and Samuel (1679-c1680).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-50 Hannah Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 3 Nov 1641 and died of Groton, CT Dec 1711. She married twice, first New London 23 Dec 1664 [[Starr (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel Starr]] and second New London bef 8 May 1690 James Morgan (II) (no children by this marriage). By her first marriage Hannah had four children (New London): Samuel (1665), Thomas (1668), Comfort (son 1671) and Jonathan (1673/4).

===Third Generation===
Lydia Turner was born Scituate 24 Jan 1652/3 and died there 20 Jun 1714. She married twice, first Scituate abt 1676<ref>Estimate, based on child born Jan 1676/7.</ref> to John James then Scituate 20 Apr 1680 William Barrell. By her first husband she had one child (Scituate): John 10 Jan 1676/7. By her second husband Lydia had five more children (Scituate): Mary (bp 1681 d.y.), William (1683), Lydia (1684 m. Samuel Stockbridge), Mary (1686 m. James Cushing) and James (1687).

Mary Turner was born Scituate 10 Dec 1658 and died Hull 10 Dec 1738. She married Hull 23 Dec 1679 Isaac Prince and they had eleven children (Hull): Alice (1680 m. Edward Foster), Isaac (1682), Elisha (1684), Mary (1685 m. Joseph Goold), David (1687), Jacob (1690), James (1692), Joseph (1694), Caleb (1695), Ruth (1698 m. Joseph Soper) and Honor (dau 1701 m. Francis Loud II).

Ruth Turner was born Scituate in 1662 and died Duxbury 8 Oct 1729. She married twice, first Scituate 23 Dec 1685 Thomas Prince then Scituate 3 Oct 1701 Israel Sylvester. By her first husband Ruth had five children: Thomas (1686), James (1687), Ruth (1690-1690), Margaret (1690/1-b1704), Benjamin (1693/4) and Job (1695). By her second husband Ruth had three more children: Ruth (1701 m. Francis Cooke (II), Samuel Ring & John Phinney), Israel (son 1705) and Grace (1706 m. Isaac Partridge).

Grace Turner was born Scituate 2 Aug 1668 and died New London, CT 1 Jun 1734. She married New London 3 Sep 1691 Richard Christophers and they had eleven children (New London): Joseph (1692), Mary (1694 m. John Gray & Jonathan Prentice), Jonathan (1696), Grace (1698 m. John Coit), infant son (1699), Lydia (1701 m. Daniel Coit), Berrie (son 1703), Ruth (1705 m. Daniel Deshon), Joanna (1706/7 m. Benejah Leffingwell & John Dyer), Lucretia (1709 m John Henry Braddick) and Lucy (1711 m. Jonathan Douglas & Guy Palmes).

Mary Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1652 and died New London, CT 13 Jan 1734/5. She married New London 10 Apr 1672 Benjamin Shapley and they had eight children (New London): Ruth (1672 m. John Morgan II), Benjamin (1675), Mary (1677 m. Joseph Truman), Joseph (1681), Ann (1685 m. Thomas Avery, Jonathan Russ & James Morgan), Daniel (1689), Jane (1694 m. Joshua Appleton) and Adam (1697).

Ruth Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1653 and died Lyme, CT 14 Sep 1690. She married Lyme 1673 Moses Noyes and they had four children (Lyme): Moses (1678), Ruth (1681 m. James Wadsworth), Sarah (1683 m. Timothy Mather) and John (c1687).

'''Mercy Pickett''' was born New London 16 Jan 1661 and died there 25 Nov 1725. She married twice, first New London 1 Nov 1682 Samuel Fosdick then New London 6 Dec 1703 John Arnold. By her first husband Mercy had eight children (New London): Samuel (1683-1683), Samuel (1684), Mercy (1686 m. Thomas Jiggles), Ruth (1689 m. James Tilley), Annah (1691 m. Thomas Latham), John (1693), Thomas (1696) and Mary (1699 m. Richard Sutton). By her second husband, Mercy had two more children: Ruhamah (1704 m. Elisha Turner & Daniel Ely) and Lucretia (1706 m. Nathaniel Saltonstall & John Proctor).

Elizabeth Bradley was born CT 16 Mar 1654 and died New London. She married there 22 Sep 1670 Thomas Dimon (II) and they had six children: Elizabeth (1672 m. Robert Latimer III), Thomas (1675), Moses (1677), Ruth (1680 m. Benjamin Shapley) and John (1686).

Hannah Bradley was born New London, CT 17 Sep 1656 and died aft 3 Sep 1725. She married abt 1676 Andrew Lester and they had three children: Jonathan (1678), Hannah (1685 m. James Forsyth) and Samuel (1686).

Lucretia Bradley was born 16 Aug 1661 and died New London 7 Jan 1691. She married 26 Jan 1681 Richard Christophers and they had four children: Christopher (1682), Richard (1685), Peter (1687) and John (1690).

(likely NOT) Hannah Christophers<ref>Her mother had a surviving daughter, Hannah, by her first husband. It is unlikely she would give the same name to a second child. The surname of the wife of Hannah, wife of Daniel Geer is uncertain. Some claim she was Hannah Christophers. It is possible mtDNA testing may help settle this issue. See [https://vitabrevis.americanancestors.org/2022/06/things-that-scream-dna/]</ref> is said to have been born New London about 1675 and died Preston 24 Oct 1728. She is said to have married bef 1700 Daniel Geer and had six children: Daniel (1700), John (1703), Christopher (1706), Ebenezer (1709), William (1713) and Thankful (1721 m. Edward Wheeler).

Hannah Wetherell was born New London, CT 21 Mar 1660 and died there 16 Sep 1689. She married 26 May 1680 Adam Pickett and they had three children (New London): Adam (1681), John (1685) and Hannah (1689-b1719 unm.)

Mary Wetherell was born New London 7 Oct 1668 and died there 22 Aug 1711. She married twice, first 4 Nov 1690 Thomas Harris then Stonington 1693 George Denison. By her first husband she had one child: Mary (1690 m. Walter Butler). By her second husband she had eight children: Grace (1695 m. Edward Hallam), Phebe (1697 m. Gibson Harris), Hannah (1699 m. John Hough), Borodell (1701 m. Jonathan Latimer), Daniel Raymond (1703), Wetherell (1705), Ann (1707 m. Jabez Hough & Samuel Richards) and Sarah (1710 m. William Douglas).

<references />

==DNA results==
To date, no known matrilineal (mtDNA) descendants of Lucretia OLDHAM Brewster have mtDNA tested and published their test results. Anyone who believes they are matrilineal descendants of Lucretia are encouraged to mtDNA test and [[Mayflower DNA:About| About the project]].



==References & External Links==
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633), New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 1995

Oldham (mtDNA)

2026-09-06T14:04:34Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* DNA results */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of May 6, 2021: ===
* Recruiting additional matrilineal (direct female-line) Lucretia (Oldham) Brewster descendants for full mtDNA testing - anyone interested in submitting their DNA for testing should contact MayflowerDNA1620@gmail.com

==Biography==
For more information see Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014, part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019. Individuals in '''bold font''' have an mtDNA descendant who has mtDNA tested.
===English Ancestry===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sowter-2 Philippa Sowter]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 6 Jul 1568, daughter of John Sowter (mother's name unknown). She died in Derby about 1602. She married All Saints, Derby, 17 Nov 1588 William Sowter and they had: ''poss.'' Margaret (1590), [[John Oldham (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John]] (1592), Elizabeth (1594-1604), Jacob (1597-1598), Thomas (1598), Lucretia (1600) and Grace (1604).

===First Generation===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Oldham-1 Lucretia Oldham]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 14 Jan 1600/1, daughter of William Oldham and Philippa Sowter. Lucretia died at Brewster's Neck, Norwich (now Preston) 4 Mar 1678/9. She married at New Plimoth Colony 10 Apr 1624 [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Johnnathan Brewster] and they had eight children: William (1624/5), Mary (1627), Johnnathan (1629), Ruth (1631), Benjamin (1633), Elizabeth (1637), Grace (1639) and Hannah (1641).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-9 Mary Brewster] was born New Plimoth Colony 16 Apr 1627 and died Scituate aft 23 Mar 1697/8<ref>She acknowledged a deed on this date.</ref> She married Plymouth 12 Nov 1645 [[Turner (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John Turner "the Elder"]]<ref>John had a brother John Turner "the Younger".</ref> and they had thirteen children (born Scituate): Jonathan (1646), Joseph (1647/8-1647/8), Joseph (1648/9), Ezekiel (1650/1), Lydia (1652/3), John (1654), Elisha (1656/7), Mary (1658), Benjamin (1660/1), Ruth (1663), Isaac (1665), Grace (1668) and Amos (1671).

'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-2 Ruth Brewster]''' was born Jones River (now Duxbury) 3 Oct 1631 and died New London, CT 30 Apr 1677<ref>some sources have 1 May 1677.</ref>. She married twice, first New London 14 Mar 1651 [[Pickett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John Pickett]] and second 16 Jul 1668 New London [[Hill (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Charles Hill]]. By her first husband, Ruth had six children (born New London): Mary (c1652), Ruth (c1654), John (1656), Adam (1658), Mercy (1660/1) and William (bp 1670). By her second husband, Ruth had five more children (New London): Jane (1669 unm.), Charles (1671), Ruth (1673-1673), Jonathan (1674) and infant son (1677-1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-42 Elizabeth Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 May 1637 and died New London, CT Feb 1708, aged about 70. She married twice, first 7 Sep 1653 New London, Peter Bradley and second abt 1676<ref>Elizabeth had two children by Christopher Christophers before his first wife died and they remarried.</ref> Christopher Christophers. By her first husband Elizabeth had at least four children (New London): Elizabeth (1654/5), Hannah (1656), Peter (1658), Lucretia (1661) and poss. William (c1662). By her second husband Elizabeth had: John (1668), infant (1673-4) and poss. Hannah (c1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-49 Grace Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 Nov 1639 and died New London, CT 22 Apr 1684. She married New London 4 Aug 1659 (Capt.) Daniel Wetherell and they had nine children (born New London): Hannah (1659/60), Mary (1662-1662), infant/stillborn son (c1663), infant/stillborn son (c1664), infant/stillborn son (c1665), infant/stillborn son (c1666), Mary (1668), Daniel (1670/1) and Samuel (1679-c1680).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-50 Hannah Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 3 Nov 1641 and died of Groton, CT Dec 1711. She married twice, first New London 23 Dec 1664 [[Starr (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel Starr]] and second New London bef 8 May 1690 James Morgan (II) (no children by this marriage). By her first marriage Hannah had four children (New London): Samuel (1665), Thomas (1668), Comfort (son 1671) and Jonathan (1673/4).

===Third Generation===
Lydia Turner was born Scituate 24 Jan 1652/3 and died there 20 Jun 1714. She married twice, first Scituate abt 1676<ref>Estimate, based on child born Jan 1676/7.</ref> to John James then Scituate 20 Apr 1680 William Barrell. By her first husband she had one child (Scituate): John 10 Jan 1676/7. By her second husband Lydia had five more children (Scituate): Mary (bp 1681 d.y.), William (1683), Lydia (1684 m. Samuel Stockbridge), Mary (1686 m. James Cushing) and James (1687).

Mary Turner was born Scituate 10 Dec 1658 and died Hull 10 Dec 1738. She married Hull 23 Dec 1679 Isaac Prince and they had eleven children (Hull): Alice (1680 m. Edward Foster), Isaac (1682), Elisha (1684), Mary (1685 m. Joseph Goold), David (1687), Jacob (1690), James (1692), Joseph (1694), Caleb (1695), Ruth (1698 m. Joseph Soper) and Honor (dau 1701 m. Francis Loud II).

Ruth Turner was born Scituate in 1662 and died Duxbury 8 Oct 1729. She married twice, first Scituate 23 Dec 1685 Thomas Prince then Scituate 3 Oct 1701 Israel Sylvester. By her first husband Ruth had five children: Thomas (1686), James (1687), Ruth (1690-1690), Margaret (1690/1-b1704), Benjamin (1693/4) and Job (1695). By her second husband Ruth had three more children: Ruth (1701 m. Francis Cooke (II), Samuel Ring & John Phinney), Israel (son 1705) and Grace (1706 m. Isaac Partridge).

Grace Turner was born Scituate 2 Aug 1668 and died New London, CT 1 Jun 1734. She married New London 3 Sep 1691 Richard Christophers and they had eleven children (New London): Joseph (1692), Mary (1694 m. John Gray & Jonathan Prentice), Jonathan (1696), Grace (1698 m. John Coit), infant son (1699), Lydia (1701 m. Daniel Coit), Berrie (son 1703), Ruth (1705 m. Daniel Deshon), Joanna (1706/7 m. Benejah Leffingwell & John Dyer), Lucretia (1709 m John Henry Braddick) and Lucy (1711 m. Jonathan Douglas & Guy Palmes).

Mary Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1652 and died New London, CT 13 Jan 1734/5. She married New London 10 Apr 1672 Benjamin Shapley and they had eight children (New London): Ruth (1672 m. John Morgan II), Benjamin (1675), Mary (1677 m. Joseph Truman), Joseph (1681), Ann (1685 m. Thomas Avery, Jonathan Russ & James Morgan), Daniel (1689), Jane (1694 m. Joshua Appleton) and Adam (1697).

Ruth Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1653 and died Lyme, CT 14 Sep 1690. She married Lyme 1673 Moses Noyes and they had four children (Lyme): Moses (1678), Ruth (1681 m. James Wadsworth), Sarah (1683 m. Timothy Mather) and John (c1687).

'''Mercy Pickett''' was born New London 16 Jan 1661 and died there 25 Nov 1725. She married twice, first New London 1 Nov 1682 Samuel Fosdick then New London 6 Dec 1703 John Arnold. By her first husband Mercy had eight children (New London): Samuel (1683-1683), Samuel (1684), Mercy (1686 m. Thomas Jiggles), Ruth (1689 m. James Tilley), Annah (1691 m. Thomas Latham), John (1693), Thomas (1696) and Mary (1699 m. Richard Sutton). By her second husband, Mercy had two more children: Ruhamah (1704 m. Elisha Turner & Daniel Ely) and Lucretia (1706 m. Nathaniel Saltonstall & John Proctor).

Elizabeth Bradley was born CT 16 Mar 1654 and died New London. She married there 22 Sep 1670 Thomas Dimon (II) and they had six children: Elizabeth (1672 m. Robert Latimer III), Thomas (1675), Moses (1677), Ruth (1680 m. Benjamin Shapley) and John (1686).

Hannah Bradley was born New London, CT 17 Sep 1656 and died aft 3 Sep 1725. She married abt 1676 Andrew Lester and they had three children: Jonathan (1678), Hannah (1685 m. James Forsyth) and Samuel (1686).

Lucretia Bradley was born 16 Aug 1661 and died New London 7 Jan 1691. She married 26 Jan 1681 Richard Christophers and they had four children: Christopher (1682), Richard (1685), Peter (1687) and John (1690).

(likely NOT) Hannah Christophers<ref>Her mother had a surviving daughter, Hannah, by her first husband. It is unlikely she would give the same name to a second child. The surname of the wife of Hannah, wife of Daniel Geer is uncertain. Some claim she was Hannah Christophers. It is possible mtDNA testing may help settle this issue. See [https://vitabrevis.americanancestors.org/2022/06/things-that-scream-dna/]</ref> is said to have been born New London about 1675 and died Preston 24 Oct 1728. She is said to have married bef 1700 Daniel Geer and had six children: Daniel (1700), John (1703), Christopher (1706), Ebenezer (1709), William (1713) and Thankful (1721 m. Edward Wheeler).

Hannah Wetherell was born New London, CT 21 Mar 1660 and died there 16 Sep 1689. She married 26 May 1680 Adam Pickett and they had three children (New London): Adam (1681), John (1685) and Hannah (1689-b1719 unm.)

Mary Wetherell was born New London 7 Oct 1668 and died there 22 Aug 1711. She married twice, first 4 Nov 1690 Thomas Harris then Stonington 1693 George Denison. By her first husband she had one child: Mary (1690 m. Walter Butler). By her second husband she had eight children: Grace (1695 m. Edward Hallam), Phebe (1697 m. Gibson Harris), Hannah (1699 m. John Hough), Borodell (1701 m. Jonathan Latimer), Daniel Raymond (1703), Wetherell (1705), Ann (1707 m. Jabez Hough & Samuel Richards) and Sarah (1710 m. William Douglas).

<references />

==DNA results==
To date, no known matrilineal (mtDNA) descendants of Lucretia OLDHAM Brewster have mtDNA tested and published their test results. Anyone who believes they are matrilineal descendants of Lucretia are encouraged to mtDNA test and [[Mayflower DNA:Contact us| About the project]].



==References & External Links==
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633), New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 1995

Oldham (mtDNA)

2026-09-06T13:59:01Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* DNA results H6a1a9g Haplotype: F3109033 */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of May 6, 2021: ===
* Recruiting additional matrilineal (direct female-line) Lucretia (Oldham) Brewster descendants for full mtDNA testing - anyone interested in submitting their DNA for testing should contact MayflowerDNA1620@gmail.com

==Biography==
For more information see Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014, part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019. Individuals in '''bold font''' have an mtDNA descendant who has mtDNA tested.
===English Ancestry===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sowter-2 Philippa Sowter]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 6 Jul 1568, daughter of John Sowter (mother's name unknown). She died in Derby about 1602. She married All Saints, Derby, 17 Nov 1588 William Sowter and they had: ''poss.'' Margaret (1590), [[John Oldham (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John]] (1592), Elizabeth (1594-1604), Jacob (1597-1598), Thomas (1598), Lucretia (1600) and Grace (1604).

===First Generation===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Oldham-1 Lucretia Oldham]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 14 Jan 1600/1, daughter of William Oldham and Philippa Sowter. Lucretia died at Brewster's Neck, Norwich (now Preston) 4 Mar 1678/9. She married at New Plimoth Colony 10 Apr 1624 [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Johnnathan Brewster] and they had eight children: William (1624/5), Mary (1627), Johnnathan (1629), Ruth (1631), Benjamin (1633), Elizabeth (1637), Grace (1639) and Hannah (1641).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-9 Mary Brewster] was born New Plimoth Colony 16 Apr 1627 and died Scituate aft 23 Mar 1697/8<ref>She acknowledged a deed on this date.</ref> She married Plymouth 12 Nov 1645 [[Turner (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John Turner "the Elder"]]<ref>John had a brother John Turner "the Younger".</ref> and they had thirteen children (born Scituate): Jonathan (1646), Joseph (1647/8-1647/8), Joseph (1648/9), Ezekiel (1650/1), Lydia (1652/3), John (1654), Elisha (1656/7), Mary (1658), Benjamin (1660/1), Ruth (1663), Isaac (1665), Grace (1668) and Amos (1671).

'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-2 Ruth Brewster]''' was born Jones River (now Duxbury) 3 Oct 1631 and died New London, CT 30 Apr 1677<ref>some sources have 1 May 1677.</ref>. She married twice, first New London 14 Mar 1651 [[Pickett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John Pickett]] and second 16 Jul 1668 New London [[Hill (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Charles Hill]]. By her first husband, Ruth had six children (born New London): Mary (c1652), Ruth (c1654), John (1656), Adam (1658), Mercy (1660/1) and William (bp 1670). By her second husband, Ruth had five more children (New London): Jane (1669 unm.), Charles (1671), Ruth (1673-1673), Jonathan (1674) and infant son (1677-1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-42 Elizabeth Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 May 1637 and died New London, CT Feb 1708, aged about 70. She married twice, first 7 Sep 1653 New London, Peter Bradley and second abt 1676<ref>Elizabeth had two children by Christopher Christophers before his first wife died and they remarried.</ref> Christopher Christophers. By her first husband Elizabeth had at least four children (New London): Elizabeth (1654/5), Hannah (1656), Peter (1658), Lucretia (1661) and poss. William (c1662). By her second husband Elizabeth had: John (1668), infant (1673-4) and poss. Hannah (c1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-49 Grace Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 Nov 1639 and died New London, CT 22 Apr 1684. She married New London 4 Aug 1659 (Capt.) Daniel Wetherell and they had nine children (born New London): Hannah (1659/60), Mary (1662-1662), infant/stillborn son (c1663), infant/stillborn son (c1664), infant/stillborn son (c1665), infant/stillborn son (c1666), Mary (1668), Daniel (1670/1) and Samuel (1679-c1680).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-50 Hannah Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 3 Nov 1641 and died of Groton, CT Dec 1711. She married twice, first New London 23 Dec 1664 [[Starr (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel Starr]] and second New London bef 8 May 1690 James Morgan (II) (no children by this marriage). By her first marriage Hannah had four children (New London): Samuel (1665), Thomas (1668), Comfort (son 1671) and Jonathan (1673/4).

===Third Generation===
Lydia Turner was born Scituate 24 Jan 1652/3 and died there 20 Jun 1714. She married twice, first Scituate abt 1676<ref>Estimate, based on child born Jan 1676/7.</ref> to John James then Scituate 20 Apr 1680 William Barrell. By her first husband she had one child (Scituate): John 10 Jan 1676/7. By her second husband Lydia had five more children (Scituate): Mary (bp 1681 d.y.), William (1683), Lydia (1684 m. Samuel Stockbridge), Mary (1686 m. James Cushing) and James (1687).

Mary Turner was born Scituate 10 Dec 1658 and died Hull 10 Dec 1738. She married Hull 23 Dec 1679 Isaac Prince and they had eleven children (Hull): Alice (1680 m. Edward Foster), Isaac (1682), Elisha (1684), Mary (1685 m. Joseph Goold), David (1687), Jacob (1690), James (1692), Joseph (1694), Caleb (1695), Ruth (1698 m. Joseph Soper) and Honor (dau 1701 m. Francis Loud II).

Ruth Turner was born Scituate in 1662 and died Duxbury 8 Oct 1729. She married twice, first Scituate 23 Dec 1685 Thomas Prince then Scituate 3 Oct 1701 Israel Sylvester. By her first husband Ruth had five children: Thomas (1686), James (1687), Ruth (1690-1690), Margaret (1690/1-b1704), Benjamin (1693/4) and Job (1695). By her second husband Ruth had three more children: Ruth (1701 m. Francis Cooke (II), Samuel Ring & John Phinney), Israel (son 1705) and Grace (1706 m. Isaac Partridge).

Grace Turner was born Scituate 2 Aug 1668 and died New London, CT 1 Jun 1734. She married New London 3 Sep 1691 Richard Christophers and they had eleven children (New London): Joseph (1692), Mary (1694 m. John Gray & Jonathan Prentice), Jonathan (1696), Grace (1698 m. John Coit), infant son (1699), Lydia (1701 m. Daniel Coit), Berrie (son 1703), Ruth (1705 m. Daniel Deshon), Joanna (1706/7 m. Benejah Leffingwell & John Dyer), Lucretia (1709 m John Henry Braddick) and Lucy (1711 m. Jonathan Douglas & Guy Palmes).

Mary Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1652 and died New London, CT 13 Jan 1734/5. She married New London 10 Apr 1672 Benjamin Shapley and they had eight children (New London): Ruth (1672 m. John Morgan II), Benjamin (1675), Mary (1677 m. Joseph Truman), Joseph (1681), Ann (1685 m. Thomas Avery, Jonathan Russ & James Morgan), Daniel (1689), Jane (1694 m. Joshua Appleton) and Adam (1697).

Ruth Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1653 and died Lyme, CT 14 Sep 1690. She married Lyme 1673 Moses Noyes and they had four children (Lyme): Moses (1678), Ruth (1681 m. James Wadsworth), Sarah (1683 m. Timothy Mather) and John (c1687).

'''Mercy Pickett''' was born New London 16 Jan 1661 and died there 25 Nov 1725. She married twice, first New London 1 Nov 1682 Samuel Fosdick then New London 6 Dec 1703 John Arnold. By her first husband Mercy had eight children (New London): Samuel (1683-1683), Samuel (1684), Mercy (1686 m. Thomas Jiggles), Ruth (1689 m. James Tilley), Annah (1691 m. Thomas Latham), John (1693), Thomas (1696) and Mary (1699 m. Richard Sutton). By her second husband, Mercy had two more children: Ruhamah (1704 m. Elisha Turner & Daniel Ely) and Lucretia (1706 m. Nathaniel Saltonstall & John Proctor).

Elizabeth Bradley was born CT 16 Mar 1654 and died New London. She married there 22 Sep 1670 Thomas Dimon (II) and they had six children: Elizabeth (1672 m. Robert Latimer III), Thomas (1675), Moses (1677), Ruth (1680 m. Benjamin Shapley) and John (1686).

Hannah Bradley was born New London, CT 17 Sep 1656 and died aft 3 Sep 1725. She married abt 1676 Andrew Lester and they had three children: Jonathan (1678), Hannah (1685 m. James Forsyth) and Samuel (1686).

Lucretia Bradley was born 16 Aug 1661 and died New London 7 Jan 1691. She married 26 Jan 1681 Richard Christophers and they had four children: Christopher (1682), Richard (1685), Peter (1687) and John (1690).

(likely NOT) Hannah Christophers<ref>Her mother had a surviving daughter, Hannah, by her first husband. It is unlikely she would give the same name to a second child. The surname of the wife of Hannah, wife of Daniel Geer is uncertain. Some claim she was Hannah Christophers. It is possible mtDNA testing may help settle this issue. See [https://vitabrevis.americanancestors.org/2022/06/things-that-scream-dna/]</ref> is said to have been born New London about 1675 and died Preston 24 Oct 1728. She is said to have married bef 1700 Daniel Geer and had six children: Daniel (1700), John (1703), Christopher (1706), Ebenezer (1709), William (1713) and Thankful (1721 m. Edward Wheeler).

Hannah Wetherell was born New London, CT 21 Mar 1660 and died there 16 Sep 1689. She married 26 May 1680 Adam Pickett and they had three children (New London): Adam (1681), John (1685) and Hannah (1689-b1719 unm.)

Mary Wetherell was born New London 7 Oct 1668 and died there 22 Aug 1711. She married twice, first 4 Nov 1690 Thomas Harris then Stonington 1693 George Denison. By her first husband she had one child: Mary (1690 m. Walter Butler). By her second husband she had eight children: Grace (1695 m. Edward Hallam), Phebe (1697 m. Gibson Harris), Hannah (1699 m. John Hough), Borodell (1701 m. Jonathan Latimer), Daniel Raymond (1703), Wetherell (1705), Ann (1707 m. Jabez Hough & Samuel Richards) and Sarah (1710 m. William Douglas).

<references />

==DNA results==
To date, no known matrilineal (mtDNA) descendants of Lucretia OLDHAM Brewster have mtDNA tested and published their test results. Anyone who believes they are matrilineal descendants of Lucretia are encouraged to mtDNA test and [Mayflower DNA:Contact us| About the project].



==References & External Links==
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633), New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 1995

Allied Families (mtDNA)

2026-09-06T13:46:22Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* BREWSTER */

==Maternal lineages of allied families==
Families directly affiliated with ''Mayflower'' passengers (''e.g.'' through daughters-in-law and granddaughters-in-law of Mayflower passengers) include:

===ALDEN===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:14em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrlineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup<ref>''Italics'' indicate that the haplogroup result is based on previous testing through other projects (usually HVR only) and may not be precise. In some of these cases, the result could be inaccurate due to inadvertent errors in lineage tracing. See surname sub-pages for further details and references.</ref>
|-
!
! [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth2 Alden]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Pabodie (Y-DNA)#Second Generation#Second Generation |William3 Pabodie (II)]]
| m1) [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Judith Tilden]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1j10a F1524073
|-
! scope="row"| [[Pabodie (Y-DNA)#Second Generation#Second Generation |William3 Pabodie (II)]]
| m2) Elizabeth Throop
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
!scope="row"|
! [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Capt.) John2 Alden (II)]]
!
!
!
|-
!scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Capt.) John2 Alden (II)]]
| [[Phillips (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Phillips]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
!scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Alden (III)]]
| 1) Elizabeth Gwinn
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | no mat. gdaus.
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
!scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Alden (III)]]
| 2) [[Hutchinson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Susanna Winslow]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
!scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Nathaniel3 Alden]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Mountjoy-1 Hepzibah Mountjoy]
|
|
|
|-
!scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |William3 Alden]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Drury-1 Mary Drury]
|
|
|
|-
!scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Zachariah3 Alden]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Viall-1 Mary Viall]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! Joseph2 Alden
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph2 Alden]]
| [[Sarah, wife of Moses Simmons (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Simmons]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Isaac3 Alden]]
| [[Lee (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mehitable Allen]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Alden]]
| [[Dunham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Hannah Dunham]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Dunham-53]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Alden]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-705 Hannah White]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Sarah2 Alden (Standish)]]
!
!
!
|-
! [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Second Generation | Alexander Standish]]
! '''See STANDISH for family'''
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Capt.) Jonathan2 Alden]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Capt.) Jonathan2 Alden]]
| [[Hallett (mtDNA) |Abigail Hallett]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Hallett-1]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Alden]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Briggs-4374 Hannah Briggs]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation | Andrew3 Alden]]
| [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Lydia Stanford]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Stanford-39]
| {{ya}}
|
| H13a1a20 F4702083
|-
! scope="row"|[[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jonathan3 Alden]]
| m1) [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth Arnold]]
| {{ya}}
|
| T2b90 F7777102
|-
! scope="row"|[[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jonathan3 Alden]]
| m2) Mehitable Allen
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Ruth2 Alden]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bass (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Bass (II)]]
| m1) [[Baxter (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Abigail Adams]]
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bass (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Bass (II)]]
| m2) Rebecca Savil
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bass (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel3 Bass]]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Kirtland-156 Ann Kirtland]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bass (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel3 Bass]]
| m2) Mercy Marsh
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bass (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel3 Bass]]
| m3) [[Baxter (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Adams]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|[[Bass (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel3 Bass]]
| m4) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Nightingale-152 Bethia Nightengale]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bass (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph3 Bass]]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Belcher-107 Mary Belcher]
|
|
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Belcher-107 '''K1c1''']
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bass (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph3 Bass]]
| m2) Lois Ivory
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca2 Alden]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benoni3 Delano]]
| [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Drew]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Drew-43]
| {{ya}}
|
| T2b3w F8554881
|-
! scope="row"| [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas3 Delano]]
| [[Hannah, wife of Thomas Delano (mtDNA) |Hannah ?BRYANT Bartlett]]<ref>mtDNA testing of matrilineal descendant(s) of Hannah may help confirm/refute whether she was daughter of John Bryant & Abigail Bryant.</ref>
| {{ya}}
|
| ''K1a2b''<ref>Only if she was daughter of John Bryant and Abigail Bryant.</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jonathan3 Delano]]
| [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Doty]]
| {{ya}}
|
| T2b3w F8554881
|-
! scope="row"| [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |David3 Delano]]
| [[Hodsoll (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Eddy]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Delano]]
| [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Hannah BARTLETT Arnold]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary2 Alden]]
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | '''Unknown if married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Priscilla2 Alden]]
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | '''Unknown if married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |David2 Alden]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |David2 Alden]]
| [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Southworth]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H13a1a20 F4702083
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Alden]]
| [[Mary, wife of Wrestling Brewster (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah Brewster]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|[[Alden (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Samuel3 Alden]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sprague-2059 Sarah Sprague]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
|}

===ALLERTON===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:20em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:7em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Bartholomew2 Allerton]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Bartholomew2 Allerton]]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-285429 Margaret ____]<ref>It is currently Unknown which children were by which wife. See MD 40:7-10</ref>
|
|
|
|-
! scope="rpw"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Bartholomew2 Allerton]]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Fairfax-215 Sarah Fairfax]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Isaac3 Allerton]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | '''Unknown if married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Allerton]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | '''Unknown if married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Mary Norris (mtDNA)|Remember2 Allerton]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| Samuel3 Maverick
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | '''Unknown if married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Mary Norris (mtDNA)|Mary2 Allerton]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cushman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Thomas3 Cushman (II)]]
| m1) [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Ruth Howland]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1a1 +16209 F7052913

|-
! scope="row"| [[Cushman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Thomas3 Cushman (II)]]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Titus-379 Abigail TITUS Fuller]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| (Rev.) [[Cushman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac3 Cushman]]
| [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca Harlow]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1j10a F1524073
|-
! scope="row"| (Dea.) [[Cushman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elkanah 3 Cushman]]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Cole-654 Elizabeth Cole]
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| (Dea.) [[Cushman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elkanah 3 Cushman]]
| m2) [[Elizabeth Fisher (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Martha Cooke]]
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no mat. gdaus.''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cushman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Eleazer3 Cushman]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Coombs-44 Elizabeth Coombs]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! Isaac2 Allerton (II)
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac2 Allerton (II)]]
| m1) Elizabeth _____
|
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Isaac3 Allerton (III)]]
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac2 Allerton (II)]]
| m2) [[Willoughby (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Willoughby]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Willoughby3 Allerton]]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Fitzhugh-490 Rosamund FitzHugh]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Willoughby3 Allerton]]
| m2) [[Taverner (mtDNA)#First Generation| Sarah TAVERNER Travers]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Willoughby3 Allerton]]
| m3) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Keene-363 Hannah KEENE Bushrod (Cooper)]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===BILLINGTON===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:11em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:7em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Francis2 Billington]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Francis2 Billington]]
| [[Christian Penn (mtDNA) |Christian PENN Eaton]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Billington]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/UNKNOWN-179951 Grace _____]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Isaac3 Billington]]
| [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Glass]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| T2b3w F8554881
|-
|}

===BRADFORD===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:20em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:10em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John2 Bradford]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Maj.) William2 Bradford (II)]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Maj.) William2 Bradford (II)]]
| m1) [[Alice Richards (mtDNA) |Alice Richards]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| '''T2b4-T152C!'''
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Bradford]]
| [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mercy Warren]]
| {{ya}}
| <ref>It is believed there are surviving matrilineal descendants of Mercy (Warren) Bradford, but to date no known matrilineal descendants have mtDNA tested and published there results.</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |William3 Bradford (III)]]
| [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Rebecca BARTLETT (Stanford) (Samson)]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H13a1a20 F4702083
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas3 Bradford]]
| m1) [[Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Bourne (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Anne Raymond]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H9a +16519
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas3 Bradford]]
| m2) Katherine ____
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Samuel3 Bradford]]
| [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Hannah Rogers]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Maj.) William2 Bradford (II)]]
| m2) Sarah ____ Griswold
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Lt.) Joseph3 Bradford]]
| m1) [[Fitch (mtDNA) |Anne Fitch]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1j
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Lt.) Joseph3 Bradford]]
| m2) Mary Sherwood
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Maj.) William2 Bradford (II)]]
| m3) Mary WOOD Holmes
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Israel3 Bradford]]
| [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah Bartlett]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Ephraim3 Bradford]]
| [[Mary, wife of Wrestling Brewster (mtDNA)#Second Generation all born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) |Elizabeth Brewster]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Hezekiah3 Bradford]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Chandler-8871 Mary Chandler]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |David3 Bradford]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Finney-1960 Elizabeth Finney]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! Mercy2 Bradford
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! Joseph2 Bradford
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph2 Bradford]]
| Jael Hobart
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Bradford (II)]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''no further record''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Elisha3 Bradford]]
| m1) Hannah Cole
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row" | [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Elisha3 Bradford]]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brock-1670 Bathsheba Brock (Oldham)]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Peter3 Bradford]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no further record''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===BREWSTER===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:15em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Johnnathan2 Brewster]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Johnnathan2 Brewster]]
| [[Oldham (mtDNA) |Lucretia Oldham]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |William3 Brewster]]
| Mary Peame
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''likely no ch.''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jonathan3 Brewster (II)]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''likely never married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Brewster]]
| [[Addis (mtDNA) |Ann ADDIS Darte]]
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Mary (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Patience2 Brewster]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Prence (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Thomas3 Prence (Prince)(III)]]
| ____ ____ (Edmonson)
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no grandchildren''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Mary (Unknown) (mtDNA)#First Generation |Fear2 Brewster]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac3 Allerton (II)]]
|
! '''See ALLERTON for family'''
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Love2 Brewster
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Love2 Brewster]]
| [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Collier]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H13a1a20 F4702083
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Nathaniel3 Brewster]]
| ____ ____
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Wrestling3 Brewster]]
| [[Mary, wife of Wrestling Brewster (mtDNA) |Mary ____ (Partridge)]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |William3 Brewster]]
| [[Lee (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Lydia Partridge]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Wrestling2 Brewster]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===BROWN===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:10em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! Mary2 Brown
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Tinkham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Ephraim3 Tinkham (II)]]
| [[Esther/Hester Mahieu (mtDNA)#Second Generation|Esther/Hester Wright]]
| {{ya}}
|
| J1c2ca F4572244
|-
! scope="row"| [[Tinkham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation| Ebenezer3 Tinkham]]
| [[Burrowes (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Burrowes]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Tinkham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation| Peter3 Tinkham]]<ref>Some sources state Peter m1) Mercy Hoar (no children), but this marriage is '''not''' in the Peter Brown Silver Book.</ref>
| [[Mendall (mtDNA) |Mercy Mendall]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Tinkham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation| Helkiah3 Tinkham]]
| [[Ruth, wife of Helkiah Tinkham (mtDNA) |Ruth ?Cooke]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Tinkham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation| John3 Tinkham]]
| [[Sarah, wife of John Tinkham (mtDNA) | Sarah ___]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Tinkham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation| Isaac3 Tinkham]]
| Sarah King
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''No children'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! Priscilla2 Brown
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''No children'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! Rebecca2 Brown
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[William Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |William3 Snow (II)]]
| [[Whitman (mtDNA) |Naomi Whitman]]
| {{ya}}
|
| W4a1<ref>from [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Whitman-32 WikiTree]</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| [[William Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph3 Snow]]
| [[Sarah, wife of Moses Simmons (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hopestill Alden]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[William Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin3 Snow]]
| m1) [[Sarah, wife of Moses Simmons (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Alden]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[William Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin3 Snow]]
| m2) Sarah ALLEN Cary
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''No grandchildren'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===CHILTON===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:15em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Isabella2 Chilton]]
!
!
!
|-
! Samuel3 Chandler
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | died young
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! Jane2 Chilton
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Elizabeth2 Chilton
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Ingle (Angela)2 Chilton<ref>m1) Robert Nelson, m2) Daniel Pietersz m3) Mattijs Tilligen children unknown. Needs further research.</ref>
!
!
!
|-

! scope="row"|
! Christian2 Chilton<ref>m1) Joris Abrahamsz (no children) m2) Dionysius van Steenstraten</ref>
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| Dionysius3 van Steenstraten (II)<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=10217839755131132&set=a.1089229236526 "Alweer een Vermeer"]</ref>
| Josijntje Lanson
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! James2 Chilton (II)
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |(Not known to have married)
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Mary2 Chilton
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |John3 Winslow (II)]]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/UNKNOWN-30037 Elizabeth ____]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |John3 Winslow (II)]]
| m2) Judith ____ (Packard)
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''No children'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |(Capt.) Edward3 Winslow]]
| m1) [[Sarah Hilton (mtDNA)#First Generation |Sarah Hilton]]
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| H1b1l<ref>From [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Hilton-177]</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| (Capt.) [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |Edward3 Winslow]]
| m2) [[Hutchinson (mtDNA)#First Generation |Elizabeth Hutchinson]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |Samuel3 Winslow]]
| Hannah Briggs
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no grandchildren''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |Isaac3 Winslow]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Nowell-8 Mary Nowell (Long)]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |Joseph3 Winslow]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Lawrence-535 Sarah Lawrence (LeBrois)]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |Benjamin3 Winslow]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''Never married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===COOKE===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:20em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:11em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! John2 Cooke
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cooke (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John2 Cooke]]
| [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Warren]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1j10a F1524073
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Esther/Hester Mahieu (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Jane2 Cooke]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Mitchell (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Thomas3 Mitchell]]
! '''Unknown if married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! Jacob2 Cooke
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cooke (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jacob2 Cooke]]
| m1) [[Elizabeth Fisher (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Damaris Hopkins]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| H27a +T16278C!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cooke (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jacob2 Cooke]]
| m2) [[Lettice (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Lettice]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| T1a1a1
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cooke (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Capt.) Caleb3 Cook]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rossiter-846 Jane ____]<ref>[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rossiter-846 Her WikiTree profile] gives her a maiden name of Rossiter, but no source is given. As such, it needs to be treated as unverified.</ref>
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cooke (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jacob3 Cooke (II)]]
| [[Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Bourne (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Lydia Miller]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H9a +16519
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cooke (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis3 Cooke]]
| [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth Latham]]
| {{ya}}
|
| T2b90 F7777102
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Esther/Hester Mahieu (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Esther2 Cooke]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Wright (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Adam3 Wright]]
| m1) [[Sarah, wife of Moses Simmons (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Sarah Soule]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Wright (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Adam3 Wright]]
| m2) Mehitable Barrows (Washburn)
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Wright (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John3 Wright]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Wright (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Isaac3 Wright]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Esther/Hester Mahieu (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary2 Cooke]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Thomson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Thomson (II)]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Tinkham-55 Mary Tinkham]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Thomson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jacob3 Thomson]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Wadsworth-355 Abigail Wadsworth]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Thomson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Thomas3 Thomson]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Morton-4407 Mary Morton]
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Thomson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Peter3 Thomson]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Simmons-3994 Sarah Simmons]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
|}

===DOTY===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:15em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Edward2 Doty]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Edward2 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P5&tree=DOTY]
| [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah Faunce]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Edward3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P145&tree=DOTY]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P149&tree=DOTY]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Samuel3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P148&tree=DOTY]
| Anne Buckingham
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no mat. gr.daus.''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P141&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Beamont-8 Hester Bemen (Beaumont?)]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
!
! [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John2 Doty]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John2 Doty/Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P9&tree=DOTY]
| m1) [[Elizabeth Fisher (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Cooke]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| H27a +T16278C!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P98&tree=DOTY]
| m1) [[Nelson (mtDNA) |Mehitable Nelson]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P98&tree=DOTY]
| m2) Hannah Sherman
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Edward3 Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P107&tree=DOTY]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jacob3 Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P108&tree=DOTY]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Isaac3 Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P99&tree=DOTY]
| [[Martha, widow Ford (mtDNA)#Third Generation | Martha Faunce]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Samuel3 Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P111&tree=DOTY]
| [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA) |Mercy Cobb]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Elisha3 Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P110&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Horton-2703 Hannah Horton]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Josiah3 Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P102&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-300224 Abigail ____]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John2 Doty/Doten]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P9&tree=DOTY]
| m2) [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah Jones]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1j10a F1524073
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Thomas2 Doty]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas2 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P7&tree=DOTY]
| [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Churchill]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| T2b3w F8554881
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas3 Doty (II)]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P97&tree=DOTY]
| m1) Mercy Ellis
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas3 Doty (II)]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P97&tree=DOTY]
| m2) [[Mary Norris (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Harlow]]
! {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel2 Doty]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel2 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P3&tree=DOTY]
| [[Harmon (mtDNA)|Jane Harmon]]
| {{ya}}
| <ref>The family lived in Piscataway, East Jersey (now New Jersey) and the daughters lines have not been fleshed out. It is possible there may not be any living mtDNA lines from Jane (Harmon) Doty.</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Samuel3 Doty (II)]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P170&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Hull-455 Elizabeth Hull]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Isaac3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P173&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/UNKNOWN-22071 Frances Hull]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Edward3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P174&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Davis-1966 Sarah ?Davis]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |James3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P166&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Slater-119 Phebe Slater]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P165&tree=DOTY]
| m1) Mary Duane
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P165&tree=DOTY]
| m2) ____ Pyatte
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jonathan3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P172&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-282998 Mary ____]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Doty/Doughty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P175&tree=DOTY]
| [poss.] Abigail Whitehead<ref>The General Society of Mayflower Descendants currently does not accept the Benjamin Doughty who married Abigail Whitehead as a son of Samuel.</ref>
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P171&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Badgley-51 Sarah Badgley]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Capt.) Daniel3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P164&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Daniel-3477 Louisa Daniel]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Nathaniel3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P167&tree=DOTY]
| ____
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Faith Clarke (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Desire2 Doty]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Sherman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |William3 Sherman (III)]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P88&tree=DOTY]
| [[Sarah Bassett (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mercy White]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Sherman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Ebenezer3 Sherman]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P90&tree=DOTY]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Decrow-1 Margaret Decrow]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Sherman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Ebenezer3 Sherman]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P90&tree=DOTY]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ford-12756 Bathsheba Ford]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Faith Clarke (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth2 Doty]]
! scope="row"|''only one son who had''
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''3 ch. all d. infancy''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac2 Doty]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac2 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P8&tree=DOTY]
| Elizabeth Wood
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Isaac3 Doty (II)]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P161&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-260335 Elizabeth _____]<ref>She was NOT Elizabeth Jackson, daughter of Col. John Jackson and Elizabeth Seaman of Oyster Bay.</ref>
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P162&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Carpenter-4635 Sarah Carpenter]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jacob3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P159&tree=DOTY]
| Penelope Albertson
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Solomon3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P156&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Seaman-622 Rachel Seaman]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Samuel3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P158&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Mudge-206 Charity Mudge]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |James3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P160&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Latting-5 Catherine Latting]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph2 Doty]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph2 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P4&tree=DOTY]
| [[Hodsoll (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Deborah Ellis]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Theophilus3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P134&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Mendall-55 Ruth Mendall]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Ellis3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P126&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-287241 Elinor ____]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P129&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Edwards-3188 Hannah Edwards]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Doty (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Doty]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P136&tree=DOTY]
| Elizabeth ____
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Faith Clarke (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary2 Doty]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samuel Hatch (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel3 Hatch (II)]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P117&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Oldham-74 Elizabeth Oldham]
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samuel Hatch (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Josiah3 Hatch]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P119&tree=DOTY]
| [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Desire Hawes]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1a1+16209 F7052913
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samuel Hatch (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Ebenezer3 Hatch]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P116&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Jones-84996 Abigail Jones]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samuel Hatch (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac3 Hatch]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P115&tree=DOTY]
| m1 Lydia Clift<ref>The Edward Doty Society Genealogy database fails to list any children for Isaac by either marriage.</ref>
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samuel Hatch (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac3 Hatch]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P115&tree=DOTY]
| m2 [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ewell-252 Penelope Ewell]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samuel Hatch (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elisha3 Hatch]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P118&tree=DOTY]
| m1) Patience Keene
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samuel Hatch (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elisha3 Hatch]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P118&tree=DOTY]
| m2) Isabell Griffis
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no grandchildren''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samuel Hatch (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Ezekiel3 Hatch]] [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P113&tree=DOTY]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Church-545 Ruth Church]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
|}

===EATON===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:15em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Samuel2 Eaton]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Samuel2 Eaton]]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-470850 Elizabeth ____]
| <ref>The will of Samuel Eaton made it clear he had at least two children by his first wife. He gave them an equal bequest as he did to his two youngest daughters, so it appears the children were daughters. Their further history is currently unknown.</ref>
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Samuel2 Eaton]]
| m2) [[Christian Penn (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Billington (Crossman)]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Samuel3 Eaton (II)]]
| [[Elizabeth Nichols (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Fuller]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1<ref>Via a line NOT descended from a Mayflower passenger, but matrilineally related to Elizabeth FULLER Eaton.</ref>
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin2 Eaton]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin2 Eaton]]
| [[Sarah Cushman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Hoskins]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Eaton (II)]]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Coombs-93 Mary Coombs]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Eaton (II)]]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Lewis-19655 Susanna LEWIS Beal]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''no children'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |William3 Eaton]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''never married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Ebenezer3 Eaton]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rickard-58 Hannah Rickard]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Christian Penn (mtDNA)#First Generation |Rachel2 Eaton]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Ramsden (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Daniel3 Ramsden]]<ref>later Ramsdell</ref>
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-475257 ________]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Ramsden (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Daniel3 Ramsden]]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Caswell-327 Hannah Caswell]<ref>Daniel and Hannah had three sons and one daughter (Hannah). The daughter Hannah is not known to have married.</ref>
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===FLETCHER<ref>NEHGR 128:161-69. Currently, living descendants have only been documented through Moses' daughter, Priscilla, and her husband Thomas Koet. However, much more research is needed in Leiden.</ref>===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:17em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:7em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! Mary2 Fletcher
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! John2 Fletcher
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| John2 Fletcher
|Josina Sachariasdaughter<ref> aka Zachariah's daughter</ref>
|-
! scope="row"|
! Catherine2 Fletcher
!
!
!
|-
| scope="row"|
! Richard2 Fletcher
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| Richard2 Fletcher
|-
! scope="row"|
! Priscilla2 Fletcher
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Elizabeth2 Fletcher
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Jane2 Fletcher
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Moses2 Fletcher
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| Moses2 Fletcher
|-
|}

===FULLER, Edward===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:17em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! Samuel2 Fuller
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fuller (Y-DNA)#Paper trail |Samuel2 Fuller]]
| [[Lothrop (mtDNA) |Jane Lothop]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Samuel3 Fuller (II)
| [[Fuller (mtDNA) |Anna Fuller]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Thomas3 Fuller
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''likely never married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| John "Little John"3 Fuller
| [[Fuller (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mehitable Rowley]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
|}

===FULLER, Samuel===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
![[Bridget Lee (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Bridget2 Fuller]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''no known children'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! (Rev.) Samuel2 Fuller (II)
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fuller (Y-DNA)#Paper trail |(Rev.) Samuel2 Fuller (II)]]
| m1) ______
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''no known daughters'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Samuel3 Fuller (III)
| [[Christian Penn (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mercy Eaton]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fuller (Y-DNA)#Paper trail |(Rev.) Samuel2 Fuller (II)]]
| m2) [[Elizabeth Nichols (mtDNA) |Elizabeth NICHOLS Bowen]]
|
|
| H1<ref>from a matrilineal/mtDNA descendant of a SISTER to Elizabeth.</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| John3 Fuller
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Nelson-22201 Mercy Nelson]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Isaac3 Fuller
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Pratt-4887 Mary Pratt]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Bridget Lee (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mercy (Mary)2 Fuller]]
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''no sons'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===HOPKINS===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Constance2 Hopkins]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mark3 Snow]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation/#21]
| m1) [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Ann Cooke]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mark3 Snow]]
| m2) [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Jane Prence]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H13a1a20 F4702083
|-
! scope="row"| [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph3 Snow]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation/#24]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-305116 Mary ____]<ref>NOT daughter of Richard Higgins of Plymouth as the family moved to New Jersey where Mary married William Looker.</ref>
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Stephen3 Snow]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation/#25]
| m1) [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Susanna DEANE Rogers]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Stephen3 Snow]]
| m2) Mary COTTLE Bickford
! {{ya}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Snow]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation/#26]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Smalley-16 Mary Smalley (Doane)]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Nicholas Snow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jabez3 Snow]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation/#28]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Smith-3422 Elizabeth Smith (Merrick)]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Lt.) Giles2 Hopkins]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Giles2 Hopkins]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-second-generation/#11]
| [[Catherine Whelden (mtDNA)#First Generation |Catherine Whelden]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Stephen3 Hopkins]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation/#35]
| m1)<ref>Stephen m2) Bethia LINNELL Atkins, no children.</ref> [[Lee (mtDNA)#Third Generation | Mary Merrick]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Hopkins]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''never married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Caleb3 Hopkins]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation-02/#39]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Williams-940 Mary Williams]
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Caleb3 Hopkins]]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-494231 Mary____]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joshua3 Hopkins]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation-02/#41]
| [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Cole]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H13a1a20 F4702083
|-
! scope="row"| [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |William3 Hopkins]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''' never married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Elizabeth Fisher (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Ruth2 Hopkins]]<ref>Some sources state she was the wife of Job Hopkins. It is possible mtDNA testing may support or refute this hypothesis.</ref>
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |'''likely never married'''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Elizabeth Fisher (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Deborah2 Hopkins]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-second-generation/#16]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Ring (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |William3 Ring]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation-02/#46]
| [[Faith Clarke (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Sherman]]
|
|
| J1c3d4a1
|-
! scope="row"| [[Ring (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Eleazer3 Ring]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-third-generation-02/#47]
| [[Shaw (mtDNA) |Mary Shaw]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Elizabeth Fisher (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Damaris2 Hopkins]] [https://pilgrimhopkins.com/heritage-lineage-descendants-second-generation/#17]
! '''''See [[Allied_Families_(mtDNA)#COOKE |Jacob Cooke]]'''''
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Elizabeth Fisher (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth2 Hopkins]]<ref>It is believed she moved to Barbadoes, and may have had two daughters out of wedlock there. Further research is needed.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
|}

===HOWLAND===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:7em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Desire2 Howland]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Gorham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |James3 Gorham]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40317306995/facts]
| [[Huckins (mtDNA) |Hannah Huckins]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Gorham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Lt. Col.) John3 Gorham (II)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40317313924/facts]
| [[Otis (mtDNA) |Mary Otis]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Gorham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Ens.) Joseph3 Gorham]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316673045/facts]
| [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Sturgis]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Gorham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jabez3 Gorham]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40317325737/facts]
| [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah STURGIS Gray]]
| {{ya}}
| <ref>''John Howland of the Mayflower, vol. 1'' names only one mtDNA descendant of the sixth generation from Elizabeth Tilley. As such it is likely there are no living mtDNA descendants.</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Gorham (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Shubael3 Gorham]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40317327240/facts]
| [[Hussey (mtDNA) |Puella Hussey]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! (Lt.) John2 Howland
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Lt.) John2 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296679867/facts]
| [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Isaac3 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296681157/facts]
| [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA) |Anne Taylor]]
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Shuball3 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296681156/facts]
| [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA) |Mercy Blossom]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Howland (III)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296681155/facts]
| m1) [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA) |Joanna Shove]]
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Howland (III)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296681155/facts]
| m2) Mary Crocker
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hope2 Howland]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Chipman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Dea.) Samuel3 Chipman]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318084289/facts]
| Sarah Cobb
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no mat. gr.daus.''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Chipman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Hon.) John3 Chipman (II)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318084295/facts]
| m1) [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Mary Skiffe]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1j10a F1524073
|-
! scope="row"| [[Chipman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Hon.) John3 Chipman (II)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318084295/facts]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Handley-31 Elizabeth HANDLEY Pope]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Chipman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Hon.) John3 Chipman (II)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318084295/facts]
| m3) Hannah ____ Hoxie
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth2 Howland]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Dickinson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph3 Dickinson]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318098119/facts]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Townsend-259 Rose Townsend]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Dickinson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jabez3 Dickinson]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318098166/facts]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Dickinson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Capt.) Samuel3 Dickinson]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318098240/facts]
|[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-147105 Lydia ____]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Dickinson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |James3 Dickinson]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318098341/facts]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Underhill-37 Sarah Underhill]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Lydia2 Howland]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[James Brown (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Lt.) James3 Brown (II)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318108290/facts]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Denison-20 Margaret Denison]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[James Brown (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jabez3 Brown]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318108951/facts]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-503698 Jane ____]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[James Brown (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jabez3 Brown]]
| m2) Abijah Wheaton
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah2 Howland]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bosworth (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |David3 Bosworth]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318110740/facts]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sturtevant-8 Mercy Sturtevant]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bosworth (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Bosworth]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318110532/facts]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Toogood-14 Elizabeth Toogood]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bosworth (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jabez3 Bosworth]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318110742/facts]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-699957 Susanna ____]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bosworth (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Ichabod3 Bosworth]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318110743/facts]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Stacy-165 Sarah Stacy]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bosworth (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Ichabod3 Bosworth]]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-144678 Mary ____]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|[[Bosworth (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jonathan3 Bosworth (III)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318110744/facts]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rounds-72 Sarah Rounds]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Capt.) Joseph2 Howland]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680001/facts (Capt.) Joseph2 Howland]
| [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |James3 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296700003/facts]
| [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lathrop/Lothrop]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Nathaniel3 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680919/facts]
| m1)<ref>Nathaniel m2) Abigail CHURCHILL Billington, no children.</ref>[[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Capt.) Thomas3 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40299286631/facts]
| [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]]
|
|
|
|-
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Lt.) Jabez2 Howland]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680092/facts (Lt.) Jabez2 Howland]
| Bethia Thacher
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no mat. gr.daus.''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jabez3 Howland (II)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680838/facts]
| m1) [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA) |Patience Stafford]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jabez3 Howland (II)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680838/facts]
| m2) Mary CARDER Green(e)
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Josiah3 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680839/facts]
| Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no mat. gr.daus.''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Dea.) (Samuel3 Howland (Esq.)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680841/facts]
| m1)<ref>Samuel married twice more, but no children by either marriage.</ref> [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Lt.) Joseph3 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680842/facts]
| [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA) |Bathsheba Cary]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Ruth2 Howland]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cushman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Robert3 Cushman]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318121931/facts]
| m1) [[Persis Lewis (mtDNA) |Persis Lewis]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cushman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Robert3 Cushman]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318121931/facts]
| m2) Prudence Sherman
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cushman (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Thomas3 Cushman (III)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40318121929/facts]
| [[Sarah Strong (mtDNA) |Sarah Strong]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Ens) Isaac2 Howland]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680131/facts (Ens.) Isaac2 Howland]
| [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation | Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Seth3 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680216/facts]
| Elizabeth Delano
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Isaac3 Howland (II)]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680217/facts]
| Sarah Thomas
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Howland (Y-DNA)#Third Generation | Nathan3 Howland]] [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296680389/facts]
| [[Frances Coombs (mtDNA) |Frances Coombs]]
| {{na}}
|
|
|-
|}

===MORE===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:11em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:7em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! Richard2 More<ref> While he had at least six children at Salem, none of them have been traced further. More research is needed.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Susanna2 More
! ''no sons''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! Christian2 More<ref>Christian married Joshua Conant. They are only known to have had one son (Joshua). It is unknown if this son ever married. Likely no living descendants. Needs further research.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
|}

===MULLINS===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:11em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:7em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! William2 Mullins (II)<ref>William married twice, first to an unknown wife and second, widow Ann Bell, no children. William and his (Unknown) first wife are said to have had one daughter (Sarah) who married three times, but apparently had no children.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Sarah2 Mullins<ref>Sarah remained in England, where she married Robert (?) Blunden. It is currently unknown whether she had any children.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Priscilla2 Mullins
! scope="row"| ''see Alden''
!
!
|-
|}

===PRIEST===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:25em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:7em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Allerton (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary2 Priest]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Pratt (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Pratt]]
| [[Barker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Anne Barker]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Pratt (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel3 Pratt]]
| [[Barker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Barker (Coombs)(Wood)]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Pratt (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Daniel3 Pratt]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-259341 Anne ____ (Turpin)]
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |mtDNA line extinct
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Pratt (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph3 Pratt]]
| [[Folger (mtDNA) |Dorcas Folger]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| ''V''
|-
! scope="row"| [[Pratt (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Peter3 Pratt]]
| Elizabeth GRISWOLD Rogers (Beckwith)
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Pratt (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Aaron3 Pratt]]
| m1) [[Pratt (mtDNA) |Sarah Pratt]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Pratt (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Aaron3 Pratt]]
| m2) [[Wright (mtDNA)#First Generation |Sarah WRIGHT Cummings]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Allerton (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah2 Priest]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Coombs (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Coombs]]
| [[Elizabeth, wife of John Coombs (mtDNA) |Elizabeth ?ROYALL Barlow (Warren)]]
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Coombs (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Francis3 Coombs]]
| m1) [[Morton (mtDNA)#First Generation |Deborah Morton]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Coombs (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Francis3 Coombs]]
| m2) [[Barker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary BARKER Pratt (Wood)]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
|}

===ROGERS===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:18em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:7em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Rogers (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Lt.) Joseph2 Rogers]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.thomasrogerssociety.com/p1.htm#i9 Joseph2 Rogers]
| [[Hannah, wife of Joseph Rogers (mtDNA) |Hannah ____]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Rogers (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Rogers (II)]] [https://www.thomasrogerssociety.com/p1.htm#i15]
| [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Susanna Deane]]
! ''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Rogers (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas3 Rogers]] [https://www.thomasrogerssociety.com/p1.htm#i20]
| [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Elizabeth Snow]]
| {{ya}}
|
| V77
|-
! scope="row"| [[Rogers (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Rogers]] [https://www.thomasrogerssociety.com/p1.htm#i22]
| [[Durrant (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Twining]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Rogers (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |James3 Rogers]] [https://www.thomasrogerssociety.com/p1.htm#i24]
| [[Mary Kent (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Paine]]
| {{ya}}
|
| V77
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Rogers (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John2 Rogers]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.thomasrogerssociety.com/p1.htm#i10 John2 Rogers]
| [[Churchman (mtDNA) |Anna Churchman]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Rogers (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Rogers (II)]] [https://www.thomasrogerssociety.com/p1.htm#i27]
| m1)<ref>John married twice more, but no children by either wife.</ref> [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation| Elizabeth Pabodie]]
|
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"|
! [https://www.thomasrogerssociety.com/p1.htm#i11 Elizabeth2 Rogers]<ref>In 1651 Gov. Bradford wrote where Thomas Rogers' children came to Plymouth Colony and were married. However, he failed to clearly state which children came over and who they married.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! [https://www.thomasrogerssociety.com/p1.htm#i12 Margaret2 Rogers]<ref>Ibid.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
|}

===SAMSON===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:21em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Anne Plummer (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth2 Samson]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Sproat/Sprout (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Robert3 Sproat/Sprout]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Sproat/Sprout (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |James3 Sproat/Sprout]]
| m1) [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth Southworth]]<ref>James and Elizabeth had three sons and one daughter, Mercy, who likely died young. Therefor, no living mtDNA line.</ref>
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Sproat/Sprout (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |James3 Sproat/Sprout]]
| m2) Rachel BUCK Dwelly
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Sproat/Sprout (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Lt.) Ebenezer3 Sproat/Sprout]]
| [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Experience Hawes (Miller)]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1a1 +16209 F7052913
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Anne Plummer (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah2 Samson]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Holmes (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Josiah3 Holmes]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Holmes-4957]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no further record''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Holmes (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Holmes]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Holmes-4959]
| m1) Joanna Sprague
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''only ch. d.y.''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Holmes (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Holmes]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Holmes-4959]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Randall-6 Susannah RANDALL Stetson]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Holmes (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |William3 Holmes]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Holmes-4960]
| [[Stetson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Bathsheba Stetson]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Anne Plummer (mtDNA)#Second Generation |_____2 Samson]]<ref>Given name unknown in most sources. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Samson Wikipedia article on her father] stated (without any sources) her name was Sarah. Her husband (but not her) was named in her father's will.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| John3 Hanmore/Hanmer (III)
| Mary ____
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| William3 Hanmore/Hanmer
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Kingman-280 Elizabeth Kingman]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Anne Plummer (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary2 Samson]]
! Thomas Summers/Somers
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''No children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Anne Plummer (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Dorcas2 Samson]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| Ebenezer3 Bonney
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! James2 Samson
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |James2 Samson]]
| [[Hannah, widow Wait (mtDNA) |Hannah ?Whitman? Wait]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |James3 Samson (II)]]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sawyer-158 Ruth Sa(w)yer]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Samson]]
| [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah Sampson]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Samson-413]
| {{ya}}
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"|
! Stephen2 Samson
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Stephen2 Samson]]
| [[Elizabeth, wife of Stephen Samson (mtDNA) |Elizabeth ____]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-247591]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Samson]]
| [[Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Bourne (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Rebecca Cooke]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H9a +16519
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Samson]]
| [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Priscilla Bartlett]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Cornelius3 Samson]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''never married??''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! Caleb2 Samson
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Caleb2 Samson]]
| m1) [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Mercy Standish]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |David3 Samson]]
| Mary Chaffin/Chapin
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Caleb 3 Samson (II)]]
| Mehitable Ford
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joshua3 Samson]]
| Mary Oaksman
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Caleb2 Samson]]
| m2) [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca BARTLETT Bradford Stanford]]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===SOULE===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:20em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:10em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Zachariah2 Soule]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I60&tree=georgesouletree Zachariah2 Soule]
| Margaret ?Ford
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no known children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John2 Soule]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I61&tree=georgesouletree John2 Soule]
| m1) [[Sarah, wife of Moses Simmons (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Rebecca Simmons]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |James3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I509&tree=georgesouletree]
| [[Esther/Hester Mahieu (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Lydia Thomson]]<ref>While Lydia and James had three daughters, they have no living matrilineal (mtDNA) descendants.</ref>
|
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Aaron3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I544&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Wadsworth-49][[Abigail Andrews (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Wadsworth]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I553&tree=georgesouletree]
| [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#FourthGeneration |Sarah Standish]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Zachariah3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I604&tree=georgesouletree]
! ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Moses3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I566&tree=georgesouletree]
| m1) [[Priscilla_Mullins_(mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Mercy Southworth]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Moses3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I566&tree=georgesouletree]
| m2) Sarah Chandler
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Soule (II)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I587&tree=georgesouletree]
| [[Esther/Hester Mahieu (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Martha Tinkham]]
| {{ya}}
|
| J1c2ca F4572244
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John2 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I61&tree=georgesouletree]
| m2) [[Hester/Esther Dewsbury (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Esther Delano]]
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''only had 3 sons''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Soule (II)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I606&tree=georgesouletree]
| [[Mary Buckett (Beckett) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Peterson]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1g1aa F5339223
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Josiah3 Soule (II)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I607&tree=georgesouletree]
| [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Lydia Delano]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joshua3 Soule (II)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I608&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Studley-3 Joanna Studley]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Nathaniel2 Soule]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I63&tree=georgesouletree Nathaniel2 Soule]
| Rose ?Thorn
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no known daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Nathaniel3 Soule (II)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I647&tree=georgesouletree]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gifford-344 Meribah Gifford]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Nathaniel3 Soule (II)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I647&tree=georgesouletree]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Macomber-31 Hannah Macomber]
| {{ya}}
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''only had 1 son''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Silvanus3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I649&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Slade-79 Sarah Slead/Slade]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jacob3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I649&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gifford-182 Rebecca Gifford]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Miles3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I650&tree=georgesouletree]
! ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |George2 Soule (II)]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I49&tree=georgesouletree George2 Soule (II)]
| [[Deborah, wife of George Soule (II) (mtDNA) |Deborah ____]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |George3 Soule (III)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I51&tree=georgesouletree]
| [[Sarah Cushman (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Susannah ?EATON (Oliver) (Lisby)]]<ref>George and Susannah only had one child, Mary, who married Joshua Cogswell. While Joshua and Mary had one daughter, Elisabeth, it is believed she never married.</ref>
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |William3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I52&tree=georgesouletree]
| [[Sarah Cushman (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Eaton]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |John3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I53&tree=georgesouletree]
! ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Nathan3 Soule]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I42&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gifford-179 Mary Gifford]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Mary Buckett (Beckett) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Susanna2 Soule]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[West (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Francis3 West (II)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I760&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Downing-1735 Sarah Downing]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[West (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Richard3 West]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I761&tree=georgesouletree]
| m1) [[Hester/Esther Dewsbury (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Sampson]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[West (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Richard3 West]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I761&tree=georgesouletree]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Canedy-6 Elizabeth Cannedy]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[West (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |William3 West]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I766&tree=georgesouletree]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sprague-2514 Abiah Sprague]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[West (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |William3 West]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I766&tree=georgesouletree]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Tanner-1771 Jane Tanner]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[West (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Thomas3 West]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I767&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Rathbun-538Dorcas Rathbun]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[West (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Clement3 West]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I768&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-588996 Sarah ?Tanner]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Mary Buckett (Beckett) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary2 Soule]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Peterson (Y-DNA)|John3 Peterson (II)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I918&tree=georgesouletree]
! ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Peterson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph3 Peterson]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I919&tree=georgesouletree]
| [[Elizabeth_Walker_(mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah Jones]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H1j10a F1524073
|-
! scope="row"| [[Peterson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin3 Peterson]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I920&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Wadsworth-313][[Abigail Andrews (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah Wadsworth]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Peterson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jonathan3 Peterson]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I922&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Wadsworth-560][https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I938&tree=georgesouletree] [[Abigail Andrews (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Lydia Wadsworth]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Peterson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |David3 Peterson]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I923&tree=georgesouletree]
! ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Peterson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac3 Peterson]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I924&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Hobart-377][https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I943&tree=georgesouletree] [[Hobart (mtDNA) |Mary Hobart]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Mary Buckett (Beckett) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth2]] Soule<ref>Elizabeth had an illegitimate child by Nathaniel Church, but this child is believed to have been either stillborn, or died shortly afterwards.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Francis Walker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Isaac3 Walker]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I973&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Shelley-1835][https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I974&tree=georgesouletree] [[Shelley (mtDNA) |Desire Shelley]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Mary Buckett (Beckett) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Patience2 Soule]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Haskell (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John3 Haskell (II)]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I435&tree=georgesouletree]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Squire-77][https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I443&tree=georgesouletree] [[Mary Squire (mtDNA) |Mary Squire]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| H2a1aj
|-
! scope="row"| [[Haskell (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |William3 Haskell]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I437&tree=georgesouletree]
! ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Haskell (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Josiah3 Haskell]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I441&tree=georgesouletree]
| 1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Canedy-182][https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I446&tree=georgesouletree] [[Sarah Canady (mtDNA) |Sarah Canady]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Haskell (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Josiah3 Haskell]] [https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I441&tree=georgesouletree]
| 2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Braley-23][https://tng.soulekindred.org/getperson.php?personID=I993&tree=georgesouletree] [[Sarah Braley (mtDNA) |Sarah Braley]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
|}

===STANDISH===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:18em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Alexander2 Standish]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11614&tree=MylesStandish Alexander2 Standish]
| m1) [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Third Generation | Sarah Alden]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H6a1a9g F6244716
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Myles3 Standish]] [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11041&tree=MylesStandish]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sherman-655][https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11112&tree=MylesStandish] [[Faith Clarke (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Experience Sherman]]
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Ebenezer3 Standish]] [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11241&tree=MylesStandish]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sturtevant-83][https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I6653&tree=MylesStandish] [[Hannah Sturtevant (mtDNA) |Hannah Sturtevant]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11614&tree=MylesStandish Alexander2 Standish]
| m2) [[Faith Clarke (mtDNA)#Second Generation | Desire Doty]]
|
|
| J1c3d4a1
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas3 Standish]] [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I10166&tree=MylesStandish]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Carver-602] [https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11646&tree=MylesStandish][[Mary Carver (mtDNA) |Mary Carver]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Ichabod3 Standish]] [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I10223&tree=MylesStandish]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ring-99][https://mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11421&tree=MylesStandish] [[Shaw (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Phebe Ring]]
|
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Myles2 Standish (II)]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I9953&tree=MylesStandish Myles2 Standish (II)]
| Sarah Winslow
! ''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Josiah2 Standish]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I1910&tree=MylesStandish Josiah2 Standish]
| m2)<ref>Josiah m1) Mary Dingley, no children.</ref> [[Sarah Allen (mtDNA) |Sarah Allen]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Allen-893]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Myles3 Standish]] [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11318&tree=MylesStandish]
| married twice
! ''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Josiah3 Standish (II)]] [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11415&tree=MylesStandish]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Cary-116 Sarah ?Cary]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Samuel3 Standish]] [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11065&tree=MylesStandish]
| m1)<ref>Samuel m2) Hannah WITTER Park, no children.</ref> [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gates-49][[Deborah Gates (mtDNA) |Deborah Gates]]
| {{ya}}
| <ref>Only one female mtDNA/matrilineal line of the Fourth Generation, and it her further history is unknown. It is quite likely there may not be a surviving matrilineal/mtDNA line.</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Israel3 Standish]] [https://www.mylesstandishsociety.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=I11165&tree=MylesStandish]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Richards-2107] [[Elizabeth Richards (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Richards]]
| {{ya}}
|
| T2a1a2
|-
|}

===TILLEY/ROGERS (Hurst)===
<ref>Joan Hurst married first, Thomas Rogers (one child). She married second, John Tilley (five children: 2 sons & three daughters [one daughter died young])</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:11em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! Joan2 Rogers<ref>She married Edward Hawkins. It is possible Joan's first child was not by Edward.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| George3 Hawkins
|
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| William3 Hawkins
! NOT in father's will
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Robert3 Hawkins
|
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! John2 Tilley (II)<ref>It is currently unknown if he was the John Tilley who emigrated in 1624 to Cape Ann.</ref>
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! Rose2 Tilley
! ''Unknown if married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
! Robert2 Tilley
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| Robert2 Tilly
| Mary Hawkins<ref>Robert and Mary may have also had William & Thomas Tilly.</ref>
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| John3 Tilley
|-
! scope="row"| Robert3 Tilley (II)
| Alice Hollowman
|
|
|
|-
|}

===WARREN===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary2 Warren]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin3 Bartlett]]
| m1) Susanna Jenney
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-299 Benjamin3 Bartlett]
| m2) [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Sarah Brewster]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-194]
|
|
| H13a1a20 F4702083
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin3 Bartlett]]
| m3) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-688713 Cecelia/Sisillia ____ Covel]
| <ref>It is unknown if the youngest three children of Benjamin Bartlett were by his second wife, or his third. In any case, Benjamin's daughter Sarah (who married her cousin Robert Bartlett) never had any children.</ref>
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|[[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph3 Bartlett]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-249]
| [[Pope (mtDNA) |Hannah Pope]]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Ann2 Warren]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Little (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Lt.) Isaac3 Little]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-249]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Thomas-1994] [[Bethiah Thomas(mtDNA) |Bethiah Thomas]]
|
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Little (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Ephraim3 Little]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Little-148]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sturtevant-10] [[Mary Sturtevant (mtDNA) |Mary Sturtevant]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
|-
! scope="row"| [[Little (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Thomas3 Little (II)]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Little-336]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Little (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel3 Little]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Little-332]
| [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Third Generation | Sarah Gray]]
|
|
| T2b90 F7777102
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah2 Warren]]
! ''See Cooke for family''
!
!
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth2 Warren]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Church (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph3 Church]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Church-16]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Tucker-40] [[Mary Tucker (mtDNA) |Mary Tucker]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Church (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Nathaniel3 Church]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Church-148]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Barstow-287] [[Sarah Barstow (mtDNA)|Sarah Barstow]]
|
|
|
|-
! Scope="row"| [[Church (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Col.) Benjamin3 Church]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Church-233]
| [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Alice Southworth]]
|
|
| H13a1a20 F4702083
|-
! scope="row"| [[Church (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Caleb3 Church]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Church-147]
| [[Joanna Sprague (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Sprague]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sprague-208]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Abigail2 Warren]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Snow-1262 Josiah3 Snow]
| [[Rebecca Barker (mtDNA)#First Generation |Rebecca Barker]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Barker-26]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Warren (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Nathaniel2 Warren]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-71 Nathaniel2 Warren]
| [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Sarah Walker]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Walker-1262]
| {{ya}}
|
| H13a1a20 F4702083
|-
! scope="row"| [[Warren (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Richard3 Warren]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-938]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Torrey-47] [[Sarah Torrey (mtDNA) |Sarah Torrey (Ewer)]]
| {{ya}}
|
| H7b5
|-
! scope="row"| [[Warren (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Nathaniel3 Warren (II)]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-933]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Peckham-54 Phoebe Peckham]
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | No children<ref>She had a child (by Thomas Gray) born out of wedlock after Nathaniel's death (proven by Y-DNA testing).</ref>
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Warren (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |James3 Warren]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-935]
| [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation|Sarah Doty]][https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P144&tree=DOTY]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Warren (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Joseph2 Warren]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-72 Joseph2 Warren]
| [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Priscilla Faunce]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Faunce-1]
|
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Warren (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph3 Warren (II)]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-160]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Wilder-106 Mehitabel Wilder]
|
| <ref>Mehitabel WILDER Warren only had one daughter: Priscilla (born Plymouth 19 Jun 1696). She was known to be living, unmarried on 21 Jun 1716, but her further history is unknown.</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Warren (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Warren]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-945]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Morton-943] [[Hannah Morton (mtDNA) |Hannah Morton]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Warren (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Benjamin3 Warren]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-945]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Barnes-966][[Barnes (mtDNA) |Esther Barnes]]
| {{ya}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | <ref>No surviving matrilineal line through Esther's second husband, Benjamin Warren. Unknown if any surviving matrilineal line through her first husband, Elkanah Cushman (II).</ref>
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===WHITE===
William White only had two sons (Resolved & Peregrine)
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:25em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[White (Y-DNA)#Second Generation|Resolved2 White]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Resolved2 White]]
| m1) [[Judith Vassall (mtDNA)#Paper Trail |Judith Vassall]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| H6a1b2a
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-505 Resolved2 White]
| m2) Abigail ____
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|William3 White]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2864]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}"| ''never married''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Samuel3 White]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2854]
| [[Rebecca, wife of Samuel White (mtDNA)#First Generation |Rebecca ____]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-350938]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|- [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2837]
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Josiah3 White]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2837]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Read-2617 Remember Read]
| {{ya}}
| <ref>While Josiah and Remember had three daughters (Mary, Hannah and Sarah), all baptized at Salem Village (now Danvers), Mary is known to have died young and Hannah & Sarah were last recorded in 1713 when they were baptized (as adults).</ref>
|
|-
! scope="row"|
! [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-1129 Peregrine2 White]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Capt.) Peregrine2 White]]
| [[Elizabeth, wife of William Bassett (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Bassett]][https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bassett-176]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Daniel3 White]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2128]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Hunt-801 Hannah Hunt]
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | ''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jonathan3 White]]
| m1)[[Hester/Esther Nickerson (mtDNA) |Hester/Esther Nickerson]]
| {{ya}}
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2097 Jonathan3 White]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-488212 Elizabeth ____]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Peregrine3 White (II)]]
| m1) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-191929 Susanna _____]
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2119 Peregrine3 White (II)]
| m2) [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42369 Mary ____ Judevine]
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no children''
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Sylvanus3 White]] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/White-2107]
| [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-191931 Deborah ____]
|
! style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |''no daughters''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

===WINSLOW===
The only surviving daughter of Gov. Edward Winslow was Elizabeth, born about 1631 and died at Boston, 23 Apr 1698. She married twice: First (before 1656) to Robert Brooks, then (after his death) 22 Sep 1669 to George Corwin. She had one surviving son by her first marriage (John Brooks) who apparently never married, and only two surviving daughters from her second marriage (Penelope and Susanna).

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col"| Mayflower descendant
! scope="col" style="width:15em;"| spouse's name
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:12em;" | Known living ''matrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:20em;" | mtDNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"|
! [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#The five brothers |(Gov.) Josiah2 Winslow]]
!
!
!
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Gov.) Josiah2 Winslow]]
| [[Pelham (mtDNA) |Penelope Pelham]]
| {{ya}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | No matrilineal great-granddaughters
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Hon.) Isaac3 Winslow Esq.]]
| [[Wensley (mtDNA) |Sarah Wensley]]
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}<ref>All living females past childbearing age so this mtDNA line will eventually become extinct.</ref>
|
|-
|}

<references />

© 2015-2026 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Mayflower Y-DNA and mtDNA wiki

2026-09-06T12:54:10Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* References and External links */

[[Image:MayflowerHarbor.jpg]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

This Project utilizes Y-DNA and mtDNA. It does NOT utilize autosomal DNA (such as 23andMe and Ancestry DNA). You can view a video about Y-DNA and mtDNA [https://www.facebook.com/groups/geneticgenealogytipsandtechniques/permalink/1838684253261933/ here]

==Project dashboard==

* [[Mayflower_DNA:About|About the project]]
* [[Y-DNA and mtDNA Primer]]
* [[How you can help]]
* [[DNA sample collection tips]]
* [[Participant consent]]
* Results:
** [[Y-DNA|Y-DNA (patrilineal [all male] lineages)]]
** [[mtDNA|mtDNA (matrilineal [all female] lineages)]]

** [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)| Y-DNA of Allied Families]]
** [[Allied Families (mtDNA)| mtDNA of Allied Families]]
** [[Other Separatists (Y-DNA)| Y-DNA of other Leiden Sojourners]]
** [[Fortune passengers (Y-DNA) | Y-DNA of male Fortune passengers]]
** [[Fortune passengers (mtDNA) | mtDNA of female Fortune passengers]]
** [[Anne & Little James passengers (Y-DNA) | Y-DNA of male Anne & Little James passengers]]
** [[Anne & Little James passengers (mtDNA) | mtDNA of female Anne & Little James passengers]]
** [[Other settlers pre-1634 (Y-DNA) | Y-DNA of other pre-1634 settlers]]
* Testing Options:
** [[Family Tree DNA| Family Tree DNA (FTDNA)]]
** [[Full Genomes Corporation| Full Genomes Corporation (FG or FGC)]]
** [[YSEQ| YSEQ]]
** [[Other Whole Genome Sequence Companies| Other Whole Genome Sequence (WGS) Companies]]
** [[YFull| YFull]]
** [[Autosomal DNA tests]]


===Methodology===
The focus of this project is on using advanced Y-DNA and mtDNA tests to document the patrilineal (all male line) and matrilineal (all female line) lineages from the ''Mayflower'' passengers, their spouses, and the spouses of their children and grandchildren.  For each surviving lineage this will provide the most comprehensive Y-DNA and mtDNA profile possible with current commercial genetic testing technology. When available, we will make use of prior genetic genealogy research related to these lineages (e.g. Y-STR test results) to provide supporting evidence and to guide project recruitment. Ideally, the initial goal is to obtain Y-DNA results from two different sons of the immigrant and mtDNA results from two different daughters of the immigrant. Once that is accomplished, the next goal would be to obtain multiple NGS/WGS Y-DNA results to define branches within the Y-DNA family. These branches are the key for folks who cannot document their "paper trail" back to the immigrant ancestor, but whose Y-DNA results indicate they '''must''' descend from a ''Mayflower'' passenger. It is hoped the [https://themayflowersociety.org General Society of Mayflower Descendants] will allow this type of Y-DNA SNP information to become acceptable proof of descent. Another step would be to work with DNA testing companies to make individual Y-DNA SNPs delineating Mayflower lines available for a la carte and package testing.

Through this approach, we aim to achieve the following objectives:
*Place the ''Mayflower'' passengers into the broader [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Y-chromosome_DNA_haplogroup human Y chromosome tree] by determining high-resolution haplogroups for individual paternal lineages
**this can help provide a demographic-level picture of the ancestral origins of the groups comprising the 1620 ''Mayflower'' voyage
**these efforts will also likely aid in more general research of the human Y tree
*Identify unique, stable genetic markers for individual paternal lineages
**in many cases, it may be possible to identify one or two markers that confirm patrilineal descent from a single individual from the ''Mayflower'' as well as markers unique to certain branches of the family since their arrival
*Use the results to aid in genealogical research associated with the Mayflower passengers and crew, including tracing ancestry further back within England, Holland, etc.
**testing related lineages that stayed in Europe can be particularly helpful here

==Contact us==

See [[Mayflower DNA:About| About the project]]

== References and External links ==
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References: from contemporary records and scholarly journals'' Stewart Publishing, Canada Second edition 2015
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Mayflower Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth, 1620'' New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 2020

* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/genealogy/explore-your-roots/silver-books-project/guide-to-the-silver-books/ Guide to the Silver Books]
* [http://mayflowerhistory.com Caleb Johnson's MayflowerHistory.com] and [http://mayflowerhistory.com/mayflower-passenger-list/ Mayflower Passenger list]
* [https://www.mayflower400uk.org/education/mayflower-passengers-list-an-interactive-guide/ Mayflower 400 Passenger List: an interactive guide]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/passenger American Ancestors 2020 Mayflower Passengers and Crew]
* [http://isogg.org/wiki/Wiki_Welcome_Page International Society of Genetic Genealogy wiki]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayflower "''Mayflower''" article on Wikipedia]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Family Tree DNA (FTDNA) & General Society of Mayflower Descendants Mayflower DNA Project]
* [https://www.yseq.net/group_alleles.php?gid=732 Y-SEQ Mayflower Group]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Project:Mayflower Wikitree Mayflower Project]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Mayflower_passengers Wikipedia List of Mayflower passengers]

© 2015-2025 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Oldham (mtDNA)

2026-09-06T11:52:31Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Lineage of tester */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of May 6, 2021: ===
* Recruiting additional matrilineal (direct female-line) Lucretia (Oldham) Brewster descendants for full mtDNA testing - anyone interested in submitting their DNA for testing should contact MayflowerDNA1620@gmail.com

==Biography==
For more information see Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014, part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019. Individuals in '''bold font''' have an mtDNA descendant who has mtDNA tested.
===English Ancestry===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Sowter-2 Philippa Sowter]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 6 Jul 1568, daughter of John Sowter (mother's name unknown). She died in Derby about 1602. She married All Saints, Derby, 17 Nov 1588 William Sowter and they had: ''poss.'' Margaret (1590), [[John Oldham (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John]] (1592), Elizabeth (1594-1604), Jacob (1597-1598), Thomas (1598), Lucretia (1600) and Grace (1604).

===First Generation===
'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Oldham-1 Lucretia Oldham]''' was baptized at All Saints Church, Derby 14 Jan 1600/1, daughter of William Oldham and Philippa Sowter. Lucretia died at Brewster's Neck, Norwich (now Preston) 4 Mar 1678/9. She married at New Plimoth Colony 10 Apr 1624 [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Johnnathan Brewster] and they had eight children: William (1624/5), Mary (1627), Johnnathan (1629), Ruth (1631), Benjamin (1633), Elizabeth (1637), Grace (1639) and Hannah (1641).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-9 Mary Brewster] was born New Plimoth Colony 16 Apr 1627 and died Scituate aft 23 Mar 1697/8<ref>She acknowledged a deed on this date.</ref> She married Plymouth 12 Nov 1645 [[Turner (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |John Turner "the Elder"]]<ref>John had a brother John Turner "the Younger".</ref> and they had thirteen children (born Scituate): Jonathan (1646), Joseph (1647/8-1647/8), Joseph (1648/9), Ezekiel (1650/1), Lydia (1652/3), John (1654), Elisha (1656/7), Mary (1658), Benjamin (1660/1), Ruth (1663), Isaac (1665), Grace (1668) and Amos (1671).

'''[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-2 Ruth Brewster]''' was born Jones River (now Duxbury) 3 Oct 1631 and died New London, CT 30 Apr 1677<ref>some sources have 1 May 1677.</ref>. She married twice, first New London 14 Mar 1651 [[Pickett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |John Pickett]] and second 16 Jul 1668 New London [[Hill (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Charles Hill]]. By her first husband, Ruth had six children (born New London): Mary (c1652), Ruth (c1654), John (1656), Adam (1658), Mercy (1660/1) and William (bp 1670). By her second husband, Ruth had five more children (New London): Jane (1669 unm.), Charles (1671), Ruth (1673-1673), Jonathan (1674) and infant son (1677-1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-42 Elizabeth Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 May 1637 and died New London, CT Feb 1708, aged about 70. She married twice, first 7 Sep 1653 New London, Peter Bradley and second abt 1676<ref>Elizabeth had two children by Christopher Christophers before his first wife died and they remarried.</ref> Christopher Christophers. By her first husband Elizabeth had at least four children (New London): Elizabeth (1654/5), Hannah (1656), Peter (1658), Lucretia (1661) and poss. William (c1662). By her second husband Elizabeth had: John (1668), infant (1673-4) and poss. Hannah (c1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-49 Grace Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 1 Nov 1639 and died New London, CT 22 Apr 1684. She married New London 4 Aug 1659 (Capt.) Daniel Wetherell and they had nine children (born New London): Hannah (1659/60), Mary (1662-1662), infant/stillborn son (c1663), infant/stillborn son (c1664), infant/stillborn son (c1665), infant/stillborn son (c1666), Mary (1668), Daniel (1670/1) and Samuel (1679-c1680).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Brewster-50 Hannah Brewster] was born Duxburrow (now Duxbury) 3 Nov 1641 and died of Groton, CT Dec 1711. She married twice, first New London 23 Dec 1664 [[Starr (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Samuel Starr]] and second New London bef 8 May 1690 James Morgan (II) (no children by this marriage). By her first marriage Hannah had four children (New London): Samuel (1665), Thomas (1668), Comfort (son 1671) and Jonathan (1673/4).

===Third Generation===
Lydia Turner was born Scituate 24 Jan 1652/3 and died there 20 Jun 1714. She married twice, first Scituate abt 1676<ref>Estimate, based on child born Jan 1676/7.</ref> to John James then Scituate 20 Apr 1680 William Barrell. By her first husband she had one child (Scituate): John 10 Jan 1676/7. By her second husband Lydia had five more children (Scituate): Mary (bp 1681 d.y.), William (1683), Lydia (1684 m. Samuel Stockbridge), Mary (1686 m. James Cushing) and James (1687).

Mary Turner was born Scituate 10 Dec 1658 and died Hull 10 Dec 1738. She married Hull 23 Dec 1679 Isaac Prince and they had eleven children (Hull): Alice (1680 m. Edward Foster), Isaac (1682), Elisha (1684), Mary (1685 m. Joseph Goold), David (1687), Jacob (1690), James (1692), Joseph (1694), Caleb (1695), Ruth (1698 m. Joseph Soper) and Honor (dau 1701 m. Francis Loud II).

Ruth Turner was born Scituate in 1662 and died Duxbury 8 Oct 1729. She married twice, first Scituate 23 Dec 1685 Thomas Prince then Scituate 3 Oct 1701 Israel Sylvester. By her first husband Ruth had five children: Thomas (1686), James (1687), Ruth (1690-1690), Margaret (1690/1-b1704), Benjamin (1693/4) and Job (1695). By her second husband Ruth had three more children: Ruth (1701 m. Francis Cooke (II), Samuel Ring & John Phinney), Israel (son 1705) and Grace (1706 m. Isaac Partridge).

Grace Turner was born Scituate 2 Aug 1668 and died New London, CT 1 Jun 1734. She married New London 3 Sep 1691 Richard Christophers and they had eleven children (New London): Joseph (1692), Mary (1694 m. John Gray & Jonathan Prentice), Jonathan (1696), Grace (1698 m. John Coit), infant son (1699), Lydia (1701 m. Daniel Coit), Berrie (son 1703), Ruth (1705 m. Daniel Deshon), Joanna (1706/7 m. Benejah Leffingwell & John Dyer), Lucretia (1709 m John Henry Braddick) and Lucy (1711 m. Jonathan Douglas & Guy Palmes).

Mary Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1652 and died New London, CT 13 Jan 1734/5. She married New London 10 Apr 1672 Benjamin Shapley and they had eight children (New London): Ruth (1672 m. John Morgan II), Benjamin (1675), Mary (1677 m. Joseph Truman), Joseph (1681), Ann (1685 m. Thomas Avery, Jonathan Russ & James Morgan), Daniel (1689), Jane (1694 m. Joshua Appleton) and Adam (1697).

Ruth Pickett was born Plymouth abt 1653 and died Lyme, CT 14 Sep 1690. She married Lyme 1673 Moses Noyes and they had four children (Lyme): Moses (1678), Ruth (1681 m. James Wadsworth), Sarah (1683 m. Timothy Mather) and John (c1687).

'''Mercy Pickett''' was born New London 16 Jan 1661 and died there 25 Nov 1725. She married twice, first New London 1 Nov 1682 Samuel Fosdick then New London 6 Dec 1703 John Arnold. By her first husband Mercy had eight children (New London): Samuel (1683-1683), Samuel (1684), Mercy (1686 m. Thomas Jiggles), Ruth (1689 m. James Tilley), Annah (1691 m. Thomas Latham), John (1693), Thomas (1696) and Mary (1699 m. Richard Sutton). By her second husband, Mercy had two more children: Ruhamah (1704 m. Elisha Turner & Daniel Ely) and Lucretia (1706 m. Nathaniel Saltonstall & John Proctor).

Elizabeth Bradley was born CT 16 Mar 1654 and died New London. She married there 22 Sep 1670 Thomas Dimon (II) and they had six children: Elizabeth (1672 m. Robert Latimer III), Thomas (1675), Moses (1677), Ruth (1680 m. Benjamin Shapley) and John (1686).

Hannah Bradley was born New London, CT 17 Sep 1656 and died aft 3 Sep 1725. She married abt 1676 Andrew Lester and they had three children: Jonathan (1678), Hannah (1685 m. James Forsyth) and Samuel (1686).

Lucretia Bradley was born 16 Aug 1661 and died New London 7 Jan 1691. She married 26 Jan 1681 Richard Christophers and they had four children: Christopher (1682), Richard (1685), Peter (1687) and John (1690).

(likely NOT) Hannah Christophers<ref>Her mother had a surviving daughter, Hannah, by her first husband. It is unlikely she would give the same name to a second child. The surname of the wife of Hannah, wife of Daniel Geer is uncertain. Some claim she was Hannah Christophers. It is possible mtDNA testing may help settle this issue. See [https://vitabrevis.americanancestors.org/2022/06/things-that-scream-dna/]</ref> is said to have been born New London about 1675 and died Preston 24 Oct 1728. She is said to have married bef 1700 Daniel Geer and had six children: Daniel (1700), John (1703), Christopher (1706), Ebenezer (1709), William (1713) and Thankful (1721 m. Edward Wheeler).

Hannah Wetherell was born New London, CT 21 Mar 1660 and died there 16 Sep 1689. She married 26 May 1680 Adam Pickett and they had three children (New London): Adam (1681), John (1685) and Hannah (1689-b1719 unm.)

Mary Wetherell was born New London 7 Oct 1668 and died there 22 Aug 1711. She married twice, first 4 Nov 1690 Thomas Harris then Stonington 1693 George Denison. By her first husband she had one child: Mary (1690 m. Walter Butler). By her second husband she had eight children: Grace (1695 m. Edward Hallam), Phebe (1697 m. Gibson Harris), Hannah (1699 m. John Hough), Borodell (1701 m. Jonathan Latimer), Daniel Raymond (1703), Wetherell (1705), Ann (1707 m. Jabez Hough & Samuel Richards) and Sarah (1710 m. William Douglas).

<references />

==DNA results '''H6a1a9g''' Haplotype: F3109033==
===Previous mtDNA testing===
While researching the matrilineal (mtDNA) descendants of Priscilla MULLINS Alden, an interesting discovery was made. Several matrilineal descendants of Priscilla have full mtDNA tested and have been found to fall under the H6a1a9g haplogroup. Tracing the mtDNA matches of these matrilineal descendants (in order to identify other descendants) one individual who also fell under the H6a1a9g haplogroup (and was a close match to the matrilineal descendants of Priscilla MULLINS Alden) was found '''not''' to descend from Priscilla, but rather matrilineally descends from Lucretia Oldham, wife of Johnnathan Brewster (son of Mayflower passenger William Brewster).

Thus, it appears where the wife of William Mullins (the mother to Priscilla MULLINS Alden) was matrilineally related to Philippa Sowter (mother of Lucretia OLDHAM Brewster). Priscilla Mullins was born about 1602 and Philippa was baptized (at All Saints, Derby, Derbyshire) 14 Jan 1600/1. Thus it is possible that the mother of Priscilla MULLINS Alden may have been as closely related to Philippa as a sister. It is also possible the two are much more distantly matrilineally related.

===Lineage of tester===
The line of descent of the above match is as follows:

Lucretia OLDHAM Brewster (bp 1600/1-1678/9)
Ruth BREWSTER Pickett (Hill) (1631-1677)
Mercy PICKETT Fosdick Arnold (1660/1-1725)
Ruhama(h) ARNOLD Turner Ely (1704-1788)
Lucretia ELY Colt (Walker) (1742-1826)
Elizabeth "Betsey" COLT Foot (1774-1847)
Lucretia FOOT Booth (1804-1872)
Helen (Hellen) Bernice BOOTH Powers (1834-1894)
Lula Grace POWERS Abraham (1866-1939)
Bernice Amanda ABRAHAM Whitlock (Taylor) (1908-1973)
Lulamay NECIA WHITLOCK Yehia (-----) (1940-2020) 

==References & External Links==
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 1 (first four generations) 2014
* Lambert Merrick, Barbara, ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley, Mayflower Families Through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA. part 2 (fifth and sixth generation from son Jonathan) 2019
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633), New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 1995

Winslow (Y-DNA)

2026-08-21T17:08:32Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Usefulness of Big Y and Y-Elite testing */

==Status summary==
As of July 27, 2021:
* Recruiting Edward & John Winslow patrilineal (all male line) descendants for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Winslow?iframe=ycolorized Winslow DNA Project] contacted
* One ''Big Y-500'' test completed (descended from Gov. Edward's brother Kenelm)
* Two ''Big Y-700'' tests completed (one descended from Kenelm and the other descended from Gov. Edward).
* The Droitwich (Worcestershire) Winslow family falls under I-BY71464.
* Kenelm Winslow (brother to Gov. Edward and John Winslow) Y-DNA descendants fall under the I-BY108126 clade. the clades for Y-DNA descendants of the other brothers is currently unknown.
* BY71464 and BY108126 are both currently available for purchase at YSEQ.net for US $18.00 each (plus a fee for the DNA sample and mailing).

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Paper trail==
For more information see: Watson, Marston, ''Mayflower Family Silver Books Vol 25: Edward Winslow'' and Wakefield, Robert S. (revising work by Robert M. Sherman & Verle D. Vincent), and ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations Vol 15: Chilton and More''. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.
===English Ancestry===
The English Winslow ancestry is shrouded in the myst of time. The family is said to have Royal ancestry, but the connections are unclear.<ref>It is beyond the scope of this wiki to conduct original research on the English ancestry. Individuals interested in further exploration are encouraged to explore the publications noted at the bottom of the Edward Winslow biography at: [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/edward-winslow-biography American Ancestors 2020 biography of Edward Winslow]</ref>

What is known with certainty is the fact the five Winslow brothers (and their three sisters) were children of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-4 Edward Winslow] and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Ollyver-14 Magdalene Oliver]. Edward & Magdalene were married at St. Bride Fleet Street Church in London on 4 Nov 1594. The children's baptisms were all recorded in St. Peter's parish church register, Droitwich, Worcestershire. Droitwich was famous for its salt and Edward had apparently moved there to work in the production of this important substance. The 1877 ''Winslow Memorial'' gave a birth date for Edward as 17 Oct 1560, but where this date came from is unknown. In addition, it is stated he was born at St. Andrew's Parish, Worcester, Worcestershire, but, there is no evidence to support this statement. If the 1560 birth date is accurate, then Edward was aged 34 when he married Magdalene.<ref>Magdalene is believed to have been baptized at St. Clements Dane, Middlesex (near Fleet Street, London) on 4 Aug 1566. If accurate, it would support her husband's reported 1560 birth.</ref> Some believe he was previously married, but this is not universally accepted. It is believed the elder Edward Winslow was son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-86 Kenelm Winslow], but even with this, experts disagree whether there was one Kenelm Winslow or two (father/son).<ref>The ancestry of Kenelm has been debated among experts. For more information see the sources found in the first reference.</ref>

===The five brothers===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-83 '''Edward Winslow''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/pdf/Edward_Winslows_Will.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum] Edward Winslow probate.</ref> was the first child of his parents. According to his baptismal record, he was born 18 Oct 1595 and baptized 20 Oct. Edward was apprenticed in the printing business and eventually made his way to Leiden. He was married twice. His first marriage was at Leiden 16 May 1618 (see [[Media:NL-LdnRAL_AR_1004_198_077.jpg.jpg]], [https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=5293930727341277&set=gm.342794824500593 transcription]) to [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177039730/facts Elizabeth Barker]. She apparently never had any children and died at New Plimoth on 24 Mar 1620/1. Edward married second at New Plimoth (the first marriage in the colony) 12 May 1621 to [[Susanna Jackson (mtDNA) |Susanna Jackson]], widow of fellow Mayflower passenger [[White (Y-DNA) |William White]]. Edward was the founder of the town of Marshfield, and settled his family there before 1643. He served in many capacities for the new Colony including three terms as Governor and eleven terms as Assistant. He had written a number of publications related to the settlement which was distributed in England to increase support (both more settlers as well as financial). He made multiple trips to England and served in the Court of Oliver Cromwell. Edward died at sea in the West Indies while in service of Cromwell. Edward and his second wife had a total of five children (one infant, one daughter and three sons). It is believed two of Edward's sons (Edward and John) died young<ref>both named in the 1627 cattle division</ref><ref>The Winslow "Silver Book" vol. 25 p. 4 states son John may be the John Winslow who married Malden 5 Mar 1651/2 Sarah Moulton. More research is needed.</ref> so the Y-DNA line comes down from the third son, [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177043226/facts Gov. Josiah]. Gov. Josiah had two sons, one (Edward) died in infancy, so the Y-DNA line comes down from the younger son [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177164013/facts (Hon.) Isaac]. Isaac had three sons, but living Y-DNA descendants only come down from his youngest son [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177164442/facts Edward].<ref>The surviving Y-DNA line only comes down from Edward's son, (Col.) Edward (II) and Edward (II)'s son [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177592435/facts John Francis Wentworth Winslow.]</ref> This last Edward built (or had built) the home which is now the headquarters of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants, but he was a Loyalist and fled to Nova Scotia.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-77 '''John Winslow''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_winslow.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Winslow biography.</ref> was the second child. His baptismal record states he was baptized on 18 Apr 1597 and he was born the Saturday before being baptized (16 Apr). While John himself was not a Mayflower Passenger (he came on the ''Fortune'' in 1621) he married at New Plimoth (before the 1627 Cattle Division) [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Chilton]], who did come over on the Mayflower. Thus all descendants of John Winslow are eligible to join the General Society of Mayflower Descendants through Mary. John moved his family to Boston by 1655 and he died there sometime between the writing of his will (12 Mar 1673/4) and its probate (21 May 1674). John & Mary had a total of ten children (three girls, one infant and six sons). According to an old website (no longer active), winslowgenealogy the living Y-DNA line is limited to his grandson, [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177171460/facts (Col.) Edward Winslow (II)], son of Edward. However, current research cannot rule out the possibility of living Y-DNA lines from other sons (and grandsons) of John & Mary. The Mayflower Families through Five Generations "Silver Book" vol. 15 (which includes the Chilton Family) does name a limited number of Y-DNA (male Winslow) descendants of the Fifth and Sixth generation.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-119 '''Kenelm Winslow'''] was the fourth child (and third son). His baptismal record states he was baptized 3 May 1599 and he was born the Sunday before (29 Apr). Kenelm is believed to have emigrated to Plymouth Colony in 1631 along with his younger brother, Josiah. Kenelm married at Plymouth in Jun 1634 to Ellen Newton, widow of John Adams. Kenelm & Ellen had four children: Kenelm (1635), Eleanor (c1637), Nathaniel (c1639) and Job (c1641). While his brothers (with the exception of Gilbert) had more children than Kenelm, the vast majority of living Winslow Y-DNA descendants descend from Kenelm. In fact, there are many more living Winslow Y-DNA descendants of Kenelm than Y-DNA descendants of '''all''' of his brothers combined.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-156 Gilbert Winslow] was the fifth child (and fourth son). His baptismal record states he was baptized 29 Oct 1600 and he was born the Sunday before (26 Oct). Gilbert emigrated aboard the Mayflower in 1620 with his eldest brother, Edward, but returned to England sometime between the 1623 land division and the 1627 cattle division. In 1651 William Bradford reported Gilbert had died in England, but it is unknown if Gilbert's death had been reported back to Plymouth, or whether Bradford was simply stating where Gilbert's family record in Plymouth is over. It is currently unknown whether Gilbert ever married so no descendants are known.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3 Josiah Winslow] was the youngest child. His baptismal record states he was born on 11 Feb 1605/6 and baptized 16 Feb. He emigrated to Plymouth in 1631 and moved to Marshfield in 1643 along with his eldest brother, Edward. He had married at Plymouth (prior to removal) before Sep 1637 (child born) to [[Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Bourne (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Margaret Bourne]]. They had five daughters and one son (Jonathan, born 8 Aug 1639). It is likely the Y-DNA of Josiah died with his paternal grandsons.<ref>The Will of Ruth Chipman (widow of only son Jonathan) dated Sandwich 7 Dec 1710 fails to list any children or grandchildren. It appears the children of Jonathan & Ruth all died before their mother and any issue also died young. Thus it is highly likely there are no living Y-DNA descendants of Josiah Winslow.</ref>

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-180 '''(Gov.) Josiah Winslow'''] was the only son of Gov. Edward Winslow who is known to have married. He was born Plymouth 1629 and died at Careswell (his manor house in Marshfield) 18 Dec 1680. He married England 1651 Penelope Pelham and they had four children: infant daughter (1657), Elizabeth (1664), Edward (1667-1667) and Isaac (1671).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-142 John Winslow (II)] was born Plymouth about 1628 and died Boston between 3-12 Oct 1683. He married twice, first Boston abt 1663
Elizabeth ___ then bef 1683 Judith _____ (no children). By his first wife he had four children: Richard (1664 likely died young), Elizabeth (1665), John (1669) and Ann (1670).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-144 '''(Capt.) Edward Winslow'''] was born Plymouth abt 1635 and died Boston 19 Nov 1682. He married twice, first Boston bef 1661 [[Sarah Hilton (mtDNA)#First Generation |Sarah Hilton]] then Boston 8 Feb 1668 Elizabeth Hutchinson. By his first wife he had five children: John (1661 d. unm.), Sarah (1663), Richard (1664), Elizabeth (1665) and Mary (1665). By his second wife he had five more children: Edward (1669), Katherine (1672), Elizabeth (1673), Susanna (1675) and Ann (1678).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-146 '''Joseph Winslow'''] was born Plymouth abt 1643 and died Long Island, NY bef 7 Aug 1679. He married bef 10 Oct 1668 Sarah Lawrence and they had four children, including Mary (1674) and Joseph (1677).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-68 Kenelm Winslow (II)] was born Marshfield 20 Apr 1635 and died Harwich 11 Nov 1715. He married twice, first Yarmouth 23 Sep 1667 Mercy Worden then Harwich 1689 Damaris Eames. By his first wife he had seven children: Kenelm (1668), Josiah (1669), Thomas (1672-1689), Samuel (1674), Mercy (1676), Nathaniel (1679) and Edward (1680). By his second wife he had four more children: Damaris, Elizabeth, Eleanor and John (1701).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-224 Nathaniel Winslow] was born Marshfield abt 1639 and died there 1 Dec 1719. He married Marshfield 3 Aug 1664 Faith Miller and they had: Faith (1665), Nathaniel (1667), James (1669), Gilbert (1673), Kenelm (1675), Eleanor (1677), Josiah (1681 d.y.) and Josias (1683).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-212 Job Winslow] was born Swansea abt 1641 and died Freetown 14 Jul 1720. He married Swansea 1674 Ruth ____ and they had 14 children: John, William, Oliver, Ruth, Richard, Hope, Job, Joseph, James, Mary, George, Jonathan, Elizabeth and Ann.

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Windslow-5 '''(Hon.) Isaac Winslow'''] was the only paternal grandson of Gov. Edward Winslow to marry. He was born at the Careswell manor in Marshfield 1671 and died there 14 Dec 1738 He married Marshfield 11 Jul 1700 Sarah Wensley and they had six children: Josiah (1701 no children), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1046 (Gen.) John] (1703 m Mary Little and [[Bethiah Thomas(mtDNA)#Third Generation |Bethiah BARKER Johnston]]), Penelope (1704), Elizabeth (1707), Anna (1709-1723) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1369 Edward] (1714).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-811 John Winslow (III)] was born Boston 22 May 1669 and died there 1 Jan 1694/5. He married Boston 18 Jun 1689 Abigail Atkinson and they had two children: Elizabeth (1692) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-810 John] (1693).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1493 John Winslow] was born Boston 18 Jun 1661 and died there 22 Apr 1699 he. ''poss.'' married Sarah ____ but no children are known.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-803 '''(Col.) Edward Winslow (II)'''] was born Boston 1 Nov 1669 and died there 1 Dec 1753. He married thrice, first Boston 30 Jun 1692 Hannah Moody, then Boston 12 May 1712 Elizabeth Dixey and finally Boston 27 Mar 1744 Susanna FARNHAM Lyman (no children). By his first wife he had ten children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1532 Edward] (1693 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1206 Joshua] (1694), Hannah (1696 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1534 John] (1698 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1535 William] (1700 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1415 John] (1700), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1536 Edward] (1702), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1537 Samuel] (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1538 William] (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1445 Isaac] (1709). By his second wife he had one more child: Elizabeth (1712).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1499 '''Joseph Winslow (II)'''] was born Boston 16 Jun 1677 and died Fishkill, NY bef 18 Apr 1761. He married twice, first Manhattan, NY 24 Nov 1721 Abigail Snethen then Fishkill 28 Jun 1742 Margaret ___ Heyser (no children). By his first wife he had ''at least'' three children:<ref>Some sources also give children John and Hannah.</ref> [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1547 Samuel] (1725), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1548 Joseph] (1727 m Margaret Storm but no known children) and Sarah (1730).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-222 Kenelm Winslow (III)]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-229 Josiah Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-218 Joseph Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-236 Samuel Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-524 Nathaniel Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-538 Edward Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1393 John Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-98 (Capt.) Nathaniel Winslow (II)]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1581 James Winslow]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1059 Gilbert Winslow] was born Marshfield 11 Jul 1673 and died there 12 Jun 1731. He married Marshfield 7 Feb 1698 Mercy Snow and they had nine children, including Job (married [[Burrowes (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Macomber]].

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1331 Kenelm Winslow] was born Marshfield 22 Sep 1675 and died there 10 Jun 1757. He married twice, first Marshfield abt 1703 [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Abigail Waterman]] the Boston 7 Sep 1730 Ann Winslow (no children). By his first wife he had seven children including Kenelm (1716 m. [[Otis (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Abigail Bourne]]

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1667 Josias/John Winslow] was named Josias (Josiah) in his birth record, but John in other records. He was born Marshfield 13 Jan 1683/4 and died Wareham sometime between writing his will (5 Dec 1755) and its probate (3 Apr 1758). He married abt 1705 Mary Slade and they had five children.

===Fourth Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1046 (Maj.Gen.) John Winslow] was born Careswell Manor, Marshfield 27 May 1703 and died Hingham 17 Apr 1774. He married twice, first Marshfield 16 Feb 1724/5 Mary Little then Pembroke 7 Dec 1772 Bethiah Barker (no children). By his first wife he had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3220 Josiah] (1730-1730), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-2751 Pelham] (1737 no surviving sons) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3140 Isaac] (1739 no surviving Y-DNA line).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1369 '''(Hon.) Edward Winslow, Esq.'''] was born Careswell Manor 7 Jun 1714 and died Halifax, Nova Scotia 8 Jun 1784. He had built a house in Plymouth now the "Mayflower House" and headquarters of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants. He married Plymouth 10 Apr 1741 Hannah Howland Dyer and they had: John (1741-1742), Penelope (1743), Sarah (1744), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1368 '''Edward'''] (1746/7 m Mary Symonds, their son [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1946 '''John Francis Winslow'''] is the only Y-DNA descendant of Gov. Edward Winslow to have living Y-DNA descendants) and infant son (1747-1747).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-810 John Winslow (IV)] was born Boston 31 Dec 1693 and died at sea 13 Oct 1731. He married Portsmouth, NH 21 Sep 1721 Sarah Pierce and they had: Sarah (1722), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1585 John] (1724-1725), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-809 John] (1725 m Eliza Mason) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-997 Joshua] (1726/7 no surviving sons).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1206 '''Joshua Winslow, Esq.'''] was born Boston 12 Feb 1694/5 and died there 9 Oct 1769. He married Boston 8 Feb 1720 Elizabeth Savage and they had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1596 Edward] (1722 no surviving Y-DNA line), Margaret (1724), Hannah (1725), Elizabeth (1729), Susanna (1730), Mary (1732), Katherine (1733), Ann (1734), Martha (1734), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1604 Joshua] (1736 m Hannah Loring), Ann (1738), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1606 Thomas] (1740 never marr.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1607 John] (1742 m Mary Simpson), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1205 '''Isaac'''] (1743 m Mary Sparhawk & Mary Davis), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1608 William] (1747-1751) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1609 Henry] (1748-1751).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1537 Samuel Winslow] was born Boston 29 May 1705 and died in the Louisburg (Nova Scotia) expedition 7 Sep 1745. He married Boston 8 Jun 1729 Rebecca Clarke and they had: Sarah (1730), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1592 Edward] (1735 likely no surviving Y-DNA line), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1593 Joshua] (m Anna Green but unknown if he had any children) and Rebecca (1742).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1445 Isaac Winslow] was born Boston 2 May 1709 and died New York City 23 Mar 1777. He married twice, first Boston 14 Dec 1747 Lucy Waldo then Boston 25 Nov 1770 Jemima Debuke. By his first wife he had: Lucy (1749), infant (1752-1752), Hannah (1753-c1755), Hannah (1755), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1615 Samuel] (1757 m Martha Scott), Elizabeth (1759), Grizel (1760), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1617 Isaac] (1763 m Mary Russell but only 1 daughter) and Sarah (1765). By his second wife he had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1443 Thomas] (1772 m Mary Forbes) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1618 James] (1776 no further record).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1547 '''Samuel Winslow'''] was born Fishkill, NY 6 Apr 1725 and died New York between 1811-1817. His marital history has not been fully fleshed out. It is said his first wife was Hannah and they had John (1752 m ____). He may have married second Priscilla ____ and had: Hannah (1766), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-3274 '''Samuel'''] (1769 m Margaret Woolsey) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-1587 Joseph] (1774 m Dorcas ___). His last wife is said to have been Miriam aka Hannah Haight by whom he is said to have had four daughters.

<references />

==DNA Results '''I-BY71464'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing<ref>One Y-DNA line listed in [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-83 wikitree profile for Edward Winslow]</ref>===
Previous Y-STR testing through the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project] and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Winslow?iframe=ydna-results-overview Winslow surname DNA project] has indicated that the Winslow lineage belongs to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I-M253] Y-DNA haplogroup, which is quite common in Northern and Northwestern Europe.

===NGS/WGS Results===
As of May 2023 there are five patrilineal (all male line) descendants of the Winslow family from Droitwich who have taken the Big Y-700 test.<ref>In addition, there is a sixth individual who has taken the older Big Y-500 test.</ref> One of these individuals is known to descend from Gov. Edward Winslow, two are known to descend from his brother Kenelm, while the other two individuals are unable to trace their patrilineal line back to one of the brothers, their Big Y results conclusively prove they descend from the Plymouth Colony Winslow family. The results of these five individuals document where the Winslow family clade/Haplogroup is I-M253>>Z61>S9939>>S11023>BY34545>BYBY34542>BY71464.

The two descendants of Kenelm Winslow (descending from two different sons of Kenelm) fall under a subclade of BY71464>BY108126 This indicates where all Y-DNA descendants of Kenelm must fall under BY108126. The descendant of Edward and one of the testers who cannot trace his line both descend from a different subclade of BY17464>FT334733 This indicates where this other tester must also descend from Gov. Edward Winslow. Given the fact that Edward Winslow only had a single great-grandson who carried on the surname (and Y-DNA line) it is likely all Y-DNA descendants of Edward will fall under FT334733. The fifth Big Y tester is negative for both of these subclades, thus likely does not descend from either Edward or Kenelm. Given the fact the other brothers (Gilbert and Josias) have no surviving Y-DNA descendants this indicates where this fifth tester likely descends from John Winslow.

====Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite'' testing====
DNA mutations are random events. As they are random, we cannot say with exact precision how often a mutation would occur. However, looking at the Big Y tests of known relatives, rough estimates can be made. There have been a number of cases where both father and son have taken a Big Y test. In the vast majority of cases, neither test documented a mutation not found in the other test.<ref>Each individual Big Y actually randomly tests slightly different sections of the Y-Chromosome so in theory two Big Y tests of the same person may document a mutation found in one result not found in the other. However, these differences are usually mutations which occurred long ago, and are screened out when we compare known cousins.</ref>, Very rarely one (or more) mutations have been discovered in the son, not found in the father. On the other end of the scale, there have been times when second and third (and rarely) fourth cousins have both tested and shown no mutation in one line not found in the other.

On average, the Big Y-700 test discovers a mutation between distant cousins roughly every 80 years or so, but (as documented above) it could be a son has a mutation a father does not have, or a line can go several generations without a mutation. This is similar to rolling a pair of dice and taking the sum. The sum can be as small as two or as large as twelve, but the average value is seven. If we roll the pair one hundred times the total would likely be between 600-800 with a small chance between 500-900 (but possibly even falling outside this range).

Given the fact the five Winslow brothers were born roughly around 1600 (which is 420 years from 2020) it is virtually certain some mutations have cropped up in every Y-DNA descendant of these brothers, and we can use these mutations like a bread crumb trail to trace the person's Y-DNA line back.

Another benefit of the NGS/WGS testing is that we can identify the SNPs unique to each branch of the family. Once we have those SNPs we can make them available for individual testing at YSEQ.net. Both BY71464 and BY108126 are currently available for purchase at a cost of 19 Euros (roughly US $20), plus a small fee for a DNA sample and mailing. This fee is much smaller than the fee for NGS/WGS testing. Once we discover mutations only found in descendants of Edward and John, we may want to develop a SNP panel at YSEQ which includes all of the SNPs in one test for at a cost less than testing all the SNPs individually. It must be kept in mind testing at YSEQ does not have the ability to discover new mutations.

===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=227072&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d BY71464] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test). In addition [https://www.yseq.net/advanced_search_result.php?keywords=FT334733&search_in_description=1&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d&x=7&y=4 FT334733] (The clade defining descendants of Gov. Edward Winslow) is also available for purchase at YSEQ.

<references />

====Speculation====
One of the closest Big Y matches to the Winslow family states his Most Distant Known Paternal Ancestor (MDKPA) was from Sweden. In addition, there is a town of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinsl%C3%B6v Vinslöv] in the Skåne Province of Sweden. Thus, it is quite possible the Y-DNA ancestor of the Winslow family may have been a Swede who settled in England during the Viking Period (or possibly a later Swedish emigrant to England).

===Lineage of DNA testers===
The following individual has taken a Big Y test

Edward Winslow (c1565-1631) m. Magdalene Oliver
(Gov.) Edward Winslow (1595-1655)
(Gov.) Josiah Winslow (1629-1680)
(Hon.) Isaac Winslow (1671-1738)
(Hon.) Edward Winslow (1714-1784)
(Col.) Edward Winslow (II)(1746/7-1815)
John Francis Wentworth Winslow (1793-1859)
John Coffin Winslow (1826-1896)
John NORMAN Wentworth Winslow (1860-1942)
(Maj.) John DOUGLAS Winslow (1891-1958)
''tester'' 

==Other Winslow families==
There are several other Winslow families in America. This level of Y-DNA testing is able to discern whether or not these other families are related to the Plymouth Colony Winslow family or not.

Descendants of Timothy Winslow of Perquimans District, North Carolina. Several Y-DNA descendants have Y-DNA tested and been found to fall under the I-FT345768 clade. While this is also a subclade of the I1 haplogroup, it separated from the Plymouth Colony Winslow haplogroup (I-BY71464) several thousand years ago. Thus this family is not related to the Plymouth Colony Winslow family.

There are other, scattered Winslow families in America. To date, all of them who have Y-DNA tested have been found to fall under different haplogroups, so cannot be related to the Winslow family of Plymouth Colony.

==References & External links==
* Watson, Marston, ''Mayflower Family Silver Books'' (Vol 25: Edward Winslow [through Eight Generations]), General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA (2019)
* Wakefield, Robert S. (revising work by Robert M. Sherman & Verle D. Vincent), Mayflower Families through Five Generations (Vol 15: James Chilton and Richard More) General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA (1997)
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 124-125
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Mayflower Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth, 1620'' New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA 2020 pp. 188-94
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Pilgrim Migration: Immigrants to Plymouth Colony 1620-1633'' (New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, 2004)

* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/winslow/about Winslow DNA Project]
* [http://winslowheritagesociety.org Winslow Heritage Society]
* [https://www.winslowheritagesociety.org/edward.html Winslow Heritage Society - Gov. Edward with pedigree of descendants]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Winslow Wikipedia biography of Edward Winslow]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Winslow_(1597%E2%80%931674) Wikipedia biography of John Winslow]
* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/winslow-edwar Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of Edward Winslow]
* [https://www.winslowheritagesociety.org/edward.html Winslow Heritage Society biography of Edward Winslow]
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/tree/167821783/family?cfpid=372177040597 Winslow Y-DNA (and Chilton mtDNA) tree]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/I-BY71464/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-83 WikiTree profile for Edward Winslow]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-winslow-family-2/ The Winslow Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-08-20T18:39:19Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* NGS/WGS DNA testing */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Still to do as of October 7, 2024===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. One individual with a Baker surname has Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. He lists his Most Distant Known Patrilineal Ancestor (MDKPA) as Frederick Baker, born 1850. Research has indicated where this Frederick Baker was baptized at Newnham, Kent, England on 10 Nov 1850. The record did not name a father, but gave his mother's name as Charlotte Baker. Census records indicate where she was unmarried when Frederick was born. Census records also indicate where a James Howland was living in Newnham, age 22 in the UK 1851 Census. He was listed as a servant and living in the household of Thomas Baker Elvy who was named after Thomas Baker, the latter was apparently was an uncle to Charlotte.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
Isaac Howland (1659-1724)
Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)
Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)
Charles CROCKER Howland (c1765-1801)
Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)
James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)
Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''R-FTA35340'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland<ref>One of these two took the older Big Y-500 test.</ref><ref>There is a third Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim John Howland who has taken the Big Y-700 test, but the individual is deceased, and the test failed Quality Control.</ref>, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants<ref>All three descend from Arthur>Arthur>Thomas>Samuel so this subclade may not include all Arthur Howland Y-DNA descendants.</ref> have all tested positive for FT62874 and FT62411 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for these SNPs.

Recently, the one published Big Y-700 result from a descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has had their haplogroup updated from A9708 (which is the haplogroup which also contains Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, Arthur & Henry) to FTA35340. It is believed this assignment was due to a "failed" Big Y-700 test of a 20 year old DNA sample of an individual who died in 2018. While this sample failed the Quality Control protocols set up by FTDNA, it did produce some results, which apparently included the FTA35340 positive SNP result.

This result is significant, as the two Big Y-700 testers descend from two different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez). The Big Y test results indicate where Pilgrim John Howland was the first male to have this mutation and that all of his Y-DNA descendants will have the mutation, while the Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers (Arthur and Henry) are negative for this SNP. Thus this SNP result indicate a person patrilineally descends from Pilgrim John Howland.



===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA falls under I-FTD60129 based on Big Y-700 test results.

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA falls under I2-FT159479 based on Big Y-700 test results of two descendants.

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland). Y-DNA falls under R-BY18871 based on Big Y-700 test results for nine descendants.

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham). To date no known patrilineal descendants of Thomas Baxter have Y-DNA tested.

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Y-DNA

2026-08-20T14:09:55Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Male Mayflower passengers and crew */

==Status summary==
As of October 26, 2022:
* Y-DNA Profiles created for all male Mayflower passengers who are known to have living Y-DNA descendants
* Y-DNA Profiles created for all of the sons in-laws and many of the grandsons in-law of Mayflower Passengers who are known to have living Y-DNA descendants

==Important Note==
[[Read me First|Read me First]]

While autosomal DNA tests (such as 23andMe and AncestryDNA) do test for a number of Y-SNPs (with 23andMe reporting Y-DNA and mtDNA Haplogroups) their chip-based testing only documents a limited number of SNPs and can give inaccurate information.


==Male ''Mayflower'' passengers and crew==

Surnames of ''Mayflower'' passengers and crew, with links to corresponding Y-DNA results pages, are listed below. Names with an asterisk * died during the first winter during what is called "the general sickness".

<big>'''Leiden Congregation'''</big>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living descendants<ref>according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mayflower_Society</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup<ref>Most SNP results may still be further refined as more Y-DNA descendants of Mayflower Passengers obtain Next Generation Sequence (NGS)/Whole Genome Sequence (WGS) tests. ''Italics'' indicate the haplogroup is merely '''predicted''' based soley on STR testing and may not be precise. In some of these cases, the result could be inaccurate due to inadvertent errors in lineage tracing. See surname sub-pages for further details and references.</ref>
|-
! scope="row"| [[Allerton (Y-DNA)|Allerton]]
| ''Isaac'', ''Bartholomew''
| {{ya}}
| <center><ref>Son Bartholomew returned to England where he married and had children. Whether he has any living Y-DNA descendants is unknown. Son Isaac is believed to only have had one son (Isaac) who died without issue.</ref></center>
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Bradford (Y-DNA)|Bradford]]
| ''William''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I1-M253>DF29>Z63>BY151>BY351>BY3407>CTS2910>Y10994>Y21374>Y21371>Y21370>Y21372>FGC72882]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brewster (Y-DNA)|Brewster]]
| ''William'', ''Love'', ''Wrestling''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I1-M253>Z17954>FGC47136>S2304>Z17942>Z17928>Z17926>Z17924>A9783>A19407>FT1754] 
|-
! scope="row"| [[Carver (Y-DNA) |Carver]]
| ''John''
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Chilton (Y-DNA)|Chilton]]
| ''James''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Cooke (Y-DNA)|Cooke]]
| ''Francis'', ''John''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I I-M223>CTS616>FGC15071>BY1003>L1229>Z2069>Z2068>Z2054>Y4746>FGC15109>FGC15105>BY18>Y4761>Y4760>FGC57449>FGC57463>FGC57458>FGC57472]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Crackston(e) (Y-DNA) |Crackston(e)]]
| ''John''*, ''John''
! <ref>Mayflower Increasings:42 (from MD 40:117 and Stratton:274) states he had a daughter Anna (of Colchester, England) filed marriage banns with Thomas Smith of Bury England at Leiden on 12/22 Dec 1618. It is possible they may have descendants living today.</ref>
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fletcher (Y-DNA)|Fletcher]]
| ''Moses''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fuller (Y-DNA)|Fuller]]
| ''Edward''*, ''Samuel''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>S12025>FGC12021>S17339>FGC53777>S25007>FGC31905>FGC53757>BZ3170>Y85916]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Fuller (Y-DNA) |Fuller]]
| ''Samuel''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>S12025>FGC12021>S17339>FGC53777>S25007>FGC31905>FGC53757>BZ3170>Y85916>FTB68669]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Goodman (Y-DNA) |Goodman]]
| ''John''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Priest (Y-DNA)|Priest]]
| ''Degory''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Rogers (Y-DNA)|Rogers]]
| ''Thomas''*, ''Joseph''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>L21>DF13>ZZ10_1>Z253>FGC3268>ZZ6_1>BY43439>BY4303>FGC59516>FGC59535>FGC59523]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Tilley (Y-DNA) |Tilley]]
| ''John''*, ''Edward''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Tinker
| ''Thomas''*, ''son''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | all died during the first sickness
|-
! scope="row"| Turner<ref>See [http://mayflowerhistory.com/turner/ Caleb Johnson's MayflowerHistory.com profile of John Turner] He may have had other sons, but the name is simply too common to make any serious attempt at documenting his family.</ref>
| ''John''*, ''son''*, ''son''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | all died during the first sickness
|-
! scope="row"| [[White (Y-DNA)|White]]
| ''William''*, ''Resolved'', ''Peregrine''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>L21>DF13>Z39589>DF49>>M222>Z2959>S658>DF104>DF105>ZS8379>FTC28001]
|-
! scope="row"| [[Thomas Williams (Y-DNA) |Williams]]
| ''Thomas''
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Winslow (Y-DNA)|Winslow]]
| ''Edward'', ''Gilbert''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I1-M253>DF29>Z58>Z59>CTS8647>Z61>S9939>S23468>S20652>S11023>BY34545>BY34542>BY71464]
|-
|}

<big>'''London'''</big><ref>Most, if not all, were recruited by Thomas Weston on behalf of the Adventurers.</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:8em;" | Living descendants<ref>according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mayflower_Society</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"| [[Billington (Y-DNA)|Billington]]
| ''John'', ''John'', ''Francis''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>Z381>>L48>>Z8>>Z12>Z8175>CTS10742>BY14508>BY145737>FTA18300]
|-
! scope="row"| Britteridge
| ''Richard''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Brown(e) (Y-DNA)|Brown(e)]]
| ''Peter''
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Clarke
| ''Richard''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Eaton (Y-DNA)|Eaton]]
| ''Francis'', ''Samuel''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://isogg.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R1b_(Y-DNA) R1b-U198>S10591>FGC53179]
|-
! scope="row"| Gardiner
| ''Richard''
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | likely unm.
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Hopkins (Y-DNA)|Hopkins]]
| ''Stephen'', ''Giles'', ''Oceanus''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>Z381>>L48>Z9>Z331>>FGC12346>FGC49706>A10233>BY3322>A10236>FGC49708>FGC52137>FGC52139>FGC52155>FGC52156>FGC71620>FGC71615]
|-
! scope="row"| Margesson
| ''Edmund''*
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" | likely never married
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Christopher Martin (Y-DNA) |Martin]]
| ''Christopher''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Mullins (Y-DNA)|Mullins]]
| ''William''*, ''Joseph''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Rigsdale
| ''John''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Warren (Y-DNA)|Warren]]
| ''Richard''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| E-M35>>E-V13>>Z21367>FTB75387>FTC19215
|-
|}

<big>'''Servants'''</big>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Master
! scope="col" style="width:10em;"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living descendants<ref>according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mayflower_Society</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row" | Isaac Allerton
| Hooke
| ''John''*
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|Brewster & Winslow
| [[More (Y-DNA)|More]]
| ''Richard'', ''Jasper''*
| {{ya}}
| {{na}} 
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| John Carver
| [[Howland (Y-DNA)|Howland]]
| ''John''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>>U106>>Z381>>L48>Z9>>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9701>A9703>A9708>FTA35340]
|-
! scope="row"|
| Latham
| ''William''
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
| Wilder
| ''Roger''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Samuel Fuller
| Button/Butten
| ''William''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Stephen Hopkins
| [[Doty (Y-DNA)|Doty]]
| ''Edward''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R-M269 R-M269>L21>DF13>ZZ10_1>Z16423>Z255>L159(.2)>Z16429>Z16433>A1248>A1245>A1254>FT78842]
|-
! scope="row"|
| Leister
| ''Edward''<ref>Moved to Virginia bef. 1627 Cattle Division. Not known to have married, so assumed no surviving Y-DNA line.</ref>
| {{na}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| Christopher Martin
| Langmore
| ''John''<ref>Died, unmarried, shortly after arrival.</ref>
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
| Prowe(r)
| ''Solomon''*
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| William Mullins
| Carter
| ''Robert''*<ref>Died as teenager so no descendants.</ref>
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|Edward Tilley
| [[Samson (Y-DNA)|Samson]]
| ''Henry''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M438 I2a2a I-M223>P222>CTS616>CTS10057>Z161>FGC3575>S2452>L801>Z165>CTS1977>Y4946>Y8935>Y12052>FTB708>FTB4532]
|-
! scope="row" |William White
| Holbeck
| ''William''*
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|
| Thompson
| ''Edward''*
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"|Edward Winslow
| [[Soule (Y-DNA)|Soule]]
| ''George''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M253 I-DF29>Z58>Z59>>Z61>Z60>Z140>Z141>Z2535>YSC0000261>L338>S12289>A20032]
|-
! scope="row"|
| Story
| ''Elias''
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
|}

<big>'''Hired Men'''</big>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living descendants<ref>according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mayflower_Society</ref>
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"| [[Alden (Y-DNA)|Alden]]
| ''John''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_RM269 R-P312>>U152>L2>DF103>FGC8158>FT21550>Y48952>FTC62332]
|-
! scope="row"| Allerton
| ''John''*
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| English
| ''Thomas''*<ref>There is a possibility Thomas was married (likely in Leiden) and left a family. Some claim Thomas was the father of Clement English of Salem, MA. More research is needed.</ref>
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| [[Standish (Y-DNA)|Standish]]
| ''Myles''
| {{ya}}
| {{ya}}
| [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_I-M438 I-M170>P215>CTS2257>L460>P214>S2525>L38>S2606>FGC29656>BY1183>Y18919>S4556>BY14000>FT276288>FT276480]
|}

<big>'''''Mayflower'' Crew'''</big>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope="col"| Surname
! scope="col" style="width:12em;"| Given name(s) aboard ''Mayflower''
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living descendants
! scope="col" style="width:4em;" | Living ''patrilineal'' descendants 
! scope="col" style="width:em;" | Y-DNA haplogroup
|-
! scope="row"| [[Thomas Clark (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Clark(e)]]
| ''John''
| {{ya}} <ref>Assuming Thomas Clark(e) of Plymouth was his son.</ref>
| {{ya}}
|-
! scope="row"| Coppin
| ''Robert''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Ely
| ''(unknown)''
| {{na}} 
| {{na}}
| style="background: {{{color|#FFD2D2}}}" |
|-
! scope="row"| [[Heale (Y-DNA) |Heale]]
| ''Giles (Dr.)''
| {{na}}
| {{na}}
|-
! scope="row"| [[Christopher Jones |Jones
| ''Christopher (Capt.)]]''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Leaver
| ''"Master"''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Parker
| ''John''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Trevor
| ''William''
|
|
|-
! scope="row"| Williamson
| ''Andrew''
|
|
|-
|}
<references />

[[Y-DNA SNP summary]]

==External links and references==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Mayflower_passengers List of ''Mayflower'' passengers from Wikipedia]
* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/mayflower-passenger-list/ Mayflower passenger list from Caleb Johnson's MayflowerHistory.com]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/genealogy/explore-your-roots/silver-books-project/guide-to-the-silver-books/ Guide to the Silver Books] and [https://www.facebook.com/groups/537404344187696 Facebook Group]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ycolorized Mayflower DNA Project, sponsored by the General Society of Mayflower Descendants (GSMD)]
* [https://fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp.] A DNA testing company offering a variety of DNA tests
* [https://familytreedna.com Family Tree DNA] A DNA testing company offering a variety of DNA tests
* [https://yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] A DNA testing company offering a variety of DNA tests
* [https://www.yseq.net/group_alleles.php?gid=732 YSEQ Mayflower Group] Group for Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of Mayflower Passengers and Allied Families
* [https://www.nevgen.org/ Nevgen Y-DNA Haplogroup Predictor] Predicts SNP Haplogroup based on STR markers. best if 67 or 111 STRs available
* [https://pilgrimhall.org/ Pilgrim Hall Museum]
* [https://wiki.geni.com/index.php/Mayflower_Passengers#Mayflower_Family_Lineage_Reports Geni.com Mayflower Passengers]

© 2015-2025 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-08-20T13:54:03Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* DNA Results A9708 */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Still to do as of October 7, 2024===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. One individual with a Baker surname has Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. He lists his Most Distant Known Patrilineal Ancestor (MDKPA) as Frederick Baker, born 1850. Research has indicated where this Frederick Baker was baptized at Newnham, Kent, England on 10 Nov 1850. The record did not name a father, but gave his mother's name as Charlotte Baker. Census records indicate where she was unmarried when Frederick was born. Census records also indicate where a James Howland was living in Newnham, age 22 in the UK 1851 Census. He was listed as a servant and living in the household of Thomas Baker Elvy who was named after Thomas Baker, the latter was apparently was an uncle to Charlotte.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
Isaac Howland (1659-1724)
Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)
Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)
Charles CROCKER Howland (c1765-1801)
Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)
James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)
Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''R-FTA35340'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland<ref>One of these two took the older Big Y-500 test.</ref><ref>There is a third Y-DNA descendant of Pilgrim John Howland who has taken the Big Y-700 test, but the individual is deceased, and the test failed Quality Control.</ref>, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants<ref>All three descend from Arthur>Arthur>Thomas>Samuel so this subclade may not include all Arthur Howland Y-DNA descendants.</ref> have all tested positive for FT62784 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for this SNP.

Recently, the one published Big Y-700 result from a descendant of Pilgrim John Howland has had their haplogroup updated from A9708 (which is the haplogroup which also contains Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, Arthur & Henry) to FTA35340. It is believed this assignment was due to a "failed" Big Y-700 test of a 20 year old DNA sample of an individual who died in 2018. While this sample failed the Quality Control protocols set up by FTDNA, it did produce some results, which apparently included the FTA35340 positive SNP result.

This result is significant, as the two Big Y-700 testers descend from two different sons of Pilgrim John (John and Jabez). The Big Y test results indicate where Pilgrim John Howland was the first male to have this mutation and that all of his Y-DNA descendants will have the mutation, while the Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers (Arthur and Henry) are negative for this SNP. Thus this SNP result indicate a person patrilineally descends from Pilgrim John Howland.



===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA falls under I-FTD60129 based on Big Y-700 test results.

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA falls under I2-FT159479 based on Big Y-700 test results of two descendants.

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland). Y-DNA falls under R-BY18871 based on Big Y-700 test results for nine descendants.

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham). To date no known patrilineal descendants of Thomas Baxter have Y-DNA tested.

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T17:00:43Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Allied Families */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Still to do as of October 7, 2024===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. One individual with a Baker surname has Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. He lists his Most Distant Known Patrilineal Ancestor (MDKPA) as Frederick Baker, born 1850. Research has indicated where this Frederick Baker was baptized at Newnham, Kent, England on 10 Nov 1850. The record did not name a father, but gave his mother's name as Charlotte Baker. Census records indicate where she was unmarried when Frederick was born. Census records also indicate where a James Howland was living in Newnham, age 22 in the UK 1851 Census. He was listed as a servant and living in the household of Thomas Baker Elvy who was named after Thomas Baker, the latter was apparently was an uncle to Charlotte.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
Isaac Howland (1659-1724)
Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)
Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)
Charles CROCKER Howland (c1765-1801)
Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)
James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)
Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''A9708'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y-700 test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants have all tested positive for FT62784 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for this SNP.

The two descendants of Pilgrim John Howland do not share any SNPs in common with each other, but the do have a STR mutation (within the additional 600+ STRs tested by the Big Y-700) which is not shared by descendants of Arthur or Henry. FTY1094=17 is found in descendants of Pilgrim John while the descendants of Arthur and Henry both have FTY1094=16. Ideally, we would like to have more Pilgrim John Howland descendants take the Big Y-700 test to confirm whether or not this mutation is found in all Pilgrim John Howland descendants (or to pinpoint when this STR mutation occurred).

===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA falls under I-FTD60129 based on Big Y-700 test results.

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA falls under I2-FT159479 based on Big Y-700 test results of two descendants.

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland). Y-DNA falls under R-BY18871 based on Big Y-700 test results for nine descendants.

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham). To date no known patrilineal descendants of Thomas Baxter have Y-DNA tested.

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Dickinson (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T16:57:42Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* DNA Results BY18871 */

==Status summary==
As of April 9, 2020
* recruitment of patrilineal (all male-line) descendants of (Capt.) John Dickinson for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT: [[Read me First|Read me First'''</big>]]

==Biography==
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Dickenson-36 John Dickarson/Dickenson/Dickinson]<ref>Bio Source: www.findagrave.com/memorial/69535401 by Douglas Custard (permission granted)</ref> "of Barnstable," who was probably born in England around 1622, but whose parentage has not been ascertained. John '''possibly''' married first<ref>There is not adequate genealogical proof of this supposed first marriage.</ref>, perhaps in Boston, Mass., a wife named Frances<ref>NOT Francis Foote</ref>, by whom he had one son, John<ref>This son John was '''not''' named in his father's will. If he was, in fact, a son of John Dickinson of Barnstable, then it is likely he died before his father, and probably without any children</ref>, born 28th 5th mo. 1648, who was not a descendant of [[Howland (Y-DNA) |John Howland]] of the ''Mayflower''. John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#mtDNA Descendants |Elizabeth Howland]] in Plymouth, Plymouth Colony on 10 July 1651. Capt. John Dickinson died in Oyster Bay before 12 March 1683, the date his will was proved.
John and Elizabeth Dickinson lived in Barnstable, on Cape Cod, during the first few years of their marriage and their first few children must have been born there. In 1651, Capt. John Dickinson bought a plot of land in Barnstable which contained eight acres near where the courthouse now stands.
By May 1658, John and his family were living in Oyster Bay, Long Island, New York. In February 1659 John Dickinson bought land from John Hinksman. John paid for it in part with cloth and liquor, indicating he was a merchant and trader. On 15 February 1660, the town granted John Dickinson a house and lot at the south end of Oyster Bay, with a first share of meadow land. The next year, 1 February 1661, he was granted additional land, 10 rods deep, at the end of his property. Many other grants followed. On 12 January 1665/6, John Dickinson of Oyster Bay bought five acres of land from John Finch "of Fairfield on ye Main, formerly an inhabiter" of Oyster Bay.
In 1671 John Dickinson was appointed by the town to obtain a letter from the Rev. William Leverich, who had since moved to Huntington, Long Island, then to Connecticut, and then back to Newton, Long Island. He was asked to discuss the subject of the rights of the Town of Oyster Bay with the Town of Hempstead. The same year John sold his rights in Hog Island, across from the Town of Oyster Bay, to Capt. Richard Morris. John Dickinson and Richard Harcut were chosen as overseers in 1676.
Capt. John Dickinson died about eight years before his wife, Elizabeth. In his will dated 26 January 1680, proved 12 March 1683, John gave his son, Joseph Dickinson, the land and meadow previously settled on him. He gave five shillings each to two of his daughters, Elizabeth and Mercy, who had already received their portions, indicating that they were both married but he did not mention their married names. His widow, Elizabeth, was given the right to divide the rest of the estate among his six youngest children, named as Lydia, Mehetable, Samuel, Hannah, James and Jabez, making special provision for Jabez, who was incapable of caring for himself. Overseers were John Underhill, Sr., John Feakes, Sr., and his own son, Joseph Dickinson. The witnesses were Thomas Townsend and Thomas Weekes.

Capt. John Dickinson and Elizabeth Howland had nine children: [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#HOWLAND |Elizabeth]], Joseph, [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#HOWLAND |Mercy]], Jabez, [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#HOWLAND |Lydia]], Capt. Samuel, [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#HOWLAND |Mehitable]], [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#HOWLAND |Hannah]] & James.

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Dickenson-917 Joseph Dickinson] was the second child, and oldest son of John & Elizabeth. He was born at Barnstable on 24 Dec 1654. He married abt 1675 at Oyster Bay, Long Island to Rose Townsend and they had four children: Joseph (c1676), Hannah (c1678), Zebulon (c1680) and Henry (c1682 m. Phebe Weeks but no ch.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Dickinson-719 Jabez Dickinson] was the fourth child, and second son of John & Elizabeth. He was their first child to be born at Oyster Bay, Long Island on 29 Sep 1660. He apparently never married as his mother's will left Jabez the homestead during his lifetime, but stipulated that when Jabez died the house was to go to his brother Joseph.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Dickinson-1217 Capt. Samuel Dickinson] was the sixth child and third son of John & Elizabeth. He was born at Oyster Bay on 26 Mar 1665. His wife's name was Lydia and they had four children: John (c1687), Freelove (b1693), Hannah (b1695) and Phebe (b1697).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Dickinson-1220 James Dickinson] was the youngest child of John & Elizabeth, born at Oyster Bay on 27 Jul 1675. He married Sarah Underhill and had at least three children:<ref>Some sources state they also had a daughter, Hannah.</ref> James (c1702), Amos (c1704) and John (c1708).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332183098356/facts Joseph Dickinson (II)] was born Oyster Bay abt 1676. He married Hannah ____ and they had ''at least'' three children:<ref>Some sources give additional children: Zebediah (p1700), John, Anna, James (1707) Elizabeth (d.y.), Sophia (1710), Gabriel (c1712), Arnell (1721), Rosamond (1724) and Samuel.</ref> Zebulon (1711), Joseph (c1713) and Robert (c1715).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332183098158/facts Zebulon Dickinson] was born Oyster Bay abt 1681 and died there between 27 Sep 1751 (will) and 3 Dec 1751 (proved). He married three times: First Oyster Bay 1701 Mary Frost (no ch.), then aft 1720 Rosanna Townsend and finally Flushing 10 Sep 1747 Mary Doughty (no children). By his second wife he had ''at least'' two children:<ref>Some sources also give: Zebulon and Silvanus.</ref> Townsend (1732) and Henry (1735).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332183095871/facts John Dickinson] was born Oyster Bay between 1685-1692 and died Dutchess (now Putnam) Co., NY after 14 Apr 1748. He married twice: First abt 1714 Freelove COLES Wright (died soon after marriage, no children) then bef 1727 Sarah McCoune. By his second wife he had ''at least'' two children:<ref>Some sources also give a son Charles (who has surviving patrilineal descendants) as well as David and Hezekiah, both bp. 1760 and their father was then deceased.</ref> John (1727-b1748 likely never married) and Sarah.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332183096794/facts James Dickinson (II)] was born Oyster Bay about 1702 and died Fredericksburgh, NY bet. 23 Apr 1774 - 13 Apr 1775. He married Oyster Bay bef 1732 Sarah Underhill and they had ''at least'' four children: <ref>Some sources also give John (c1737) and Hannah (c1740).</ref> Samuel (c1735), James (c1737), Tertellus (c1743) and Gilbert (c1752).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332183096689/facts Amos Dickinson] was born Oyster Bay abt 1704 and died Woodstock, New Brunswick aft 7 Feb 1793. He married a woman whose maiden name '''may''' have been Arden and they had ''at least'' three children:<ref>Some sources also give Millicent (c1750): Amos (c1737), Tertellus (c1745) and Peter (c1750).</ref>

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332222529975/facts John Dickinson] was born Oyster Bay abt 1708 and died Fredericksburgh (now Carmel), NY bet. 9 Jan 1782 - 24 Mar 1795. He married abt 1732 Lornhanna ____ and they had ''at least'': Susannah (1733).

<references />

==DNA Results '''R-BY18871'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
The [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/DickasonDNA?iframe=ydna-results-overview Dickason,-er, -in, -en son, etc. surname DNA Project] (Group A) contain a number of individuals, most claiming patrilineal (all male-line) descent from Capt. John Dickinson.
This includes descendants of two different sons of John & Elizabeth Dickinson (James and Joseph), who have matching Y-DNA, thus proving both lines of descent from the same individual (presumably Capt. John).

===NGS/WGS testing===
Some of these descendants have taken FTDNA's Big Y test and their results indicate where they fall under: U106>>Z18>FGC79182>Z17>BY18864>FT91392>BY18866<ref>Originally the descendants fell under this haplogroup. Later, some individuals were found to be positive for BY18866 but negative for BY18871. These individuals do '''not''' descend from John Dickinson, but descend from a patrilineal ancestor of John.</ref>>BY18871.

The project has started to identify subclades below BY18871 which correspond with different lines of descent. These includes FT16969 (falling somewhere under elder son James) and FT108877 (falling somewhere under younger son Joseph).

Individuals who are Y-DNA descendants of John Dickinson are invited to take a Y-DNA test and join the [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/dickason-dna/about Dickason,-er, -in, -en son, etc. surname DNA Project]

<references />

===Lineage of some of the DNA testers===
Several of the individuals tested are unable to trace their Y-DNA ancestry back to John Dickinson & Elizabeth Howland. However, their Y-DNA test results clearly indicate where they are related to this family in a "genealogically significant" timeframe. It is likely these individuals do descend from John & Elizabeth, but it is possible they may descend from a prior marriage of John (which has never been confirmed) or descend from a brother or close cousin to John.

John Dickinson (1622-1683)
Joseph Dickinson (1654-1721)
Zebulon Dickinson (1680-1751)
Townsend Dickinson (1732-1793)
Amos Dickinson (1760-1838)
Samuel Burling Dickinson (1804-1881)
Samuel Abel Dickinson (1856-1935)
Finley Earl Dickinson (1901-1987)
father
Tester
James Dickinson (1675- )
Amos Dickinson (1704- )
Amos Dickinson (II) (1735- )
Darius Dickinson (1764- )
Peter Dickinson (1788-1839)
Matthew Phillip Dickinson (1812- )
Stephen Lorenzo Dickinson (1848- )
Frank Leroy Dickinson (1894- )
father
Tester
Tertullus Dickinson (1745-1824)
Reuben Chase Dickinson (1791- )
Obediah Dickinson (1823- )
Isaac A. Dickinson (1843- )
Miles Kenneth (1873- )
father
two Testers (brothers)

==References and External Links==
* White, Elizabeth P., ''John Howland of the Mayflower. The First Five Generations Documented Descendants Through his Fourth Child, Elizabeth Howland, Wife of Ephraim Hicks and Capt. Thomas Dickinson,'' Picton Press, Rockport, ME 1990, 2008
* Dickinson, Marguerite S., ''Descendants of Captain John and Elizabeth Howland Dickinson of Oyster Bay, Long Island,'' privately published, ?Millersburg, OH ?1968 (NOTE: This volume errs in the identity and parentage of Capt. John Dickinson)
* [http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~fesschequy/genealogy/Dickenson.html RootsWeb.com online Dickenson Genealogy]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/dickason-dna/about Dickason,-er, -in, -en son, etc. surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/69535401 Find-a-grave memorial for John Dickinson]
* [http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~fesschequy/genealogy/Dickenson.html The Dickenson Genealogy]

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T16:54:14Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Allied Families */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Still to do as of October 7, 2024===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. One individual with a Baker surname has Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. He lists his Most Distant Known Patrilineal Ancestor (MDKPA) as Frederick Baker, born 1850. Research has indicated where this Frederick Baker was baptized at Newnham, Kent, England on 10 Nov 1850. The record did not name a father, but gave his mother's name as Charlotte Baker. Census records indicate where she was unmarried when Frederick was born. Census records also indicate where a James Howland was living in Newnham, age 22 in the UK 1851 Census. He was listed as a servant and living in the household of Thomas Baker Elvy who was named after Thomas Baker, the latter was apparently was an uncle to Charlotte.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
Isaac Howland (1659-1724)
Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)
Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)
Charles CROCKER Howland (c1765-1801)
Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)
James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)
Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''A9708'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y-700 test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants have all tested positive for FT62784 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for this SNP.

The two descendants of Pilgrim John Howland do not share any SNPs in common with each other, but the do have a STR mutation (within the additional 600+ STRs tested by the Big Y-700) which is not shared by descendants of Arthur or Henry. FTY1094=17 is found in descendants of Pilgrim John while the descendants of Arthur and Henry both have FTY1094=16. Ideally, we would like to have more Pilgrim John Howland descendants take the Big Y-700 test to confirm whether or not this mutation is found in all Pilgrim John Howland descendants (or to pinpoint when this STR mutation occurred).

===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on STR markers for two descendants

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M223 based on 37 STR markers for a descendant

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland).

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

[[Baxter (Y-DNA)|Baxter]] (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham)

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T16:52:37Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Usefulness of Big Y and Y-Elite tests */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Still to do as of October 7, 2024===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. One individual with a Baker surname has Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. He lists his Most Distant Known Patrilineal Ancestor (MDKPA) as Frederick Baker, born 1850. Research has indicated where this Frederick Baker was baptized at Newnham, Kent, England on 10 Nov 1850. The record did not name a father, but gave his mother's name as Charlotte Baker. Census records indicate where she was unmarried when Frederick was born. Census records also indicate where a James Howland was living in Newnham, age 22 in the UK 1851 Census. He was listed as a servant and living in the household of Thomas Baker Elvy who was named after Thomas Baker, the latter was apparently was an uncle to Charlotte.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
Isaac Howland (1659-1724)
Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)
Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)
Charles CROCKER Howland (c1765-1801)
Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)
James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)
Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''A9708'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y-700 test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants have all tested positive for FT62784 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for this SNP.

The two descendants of Pilgrim John Howland do not share any SNPs in common with each other, but the do have a STR mutation (within the additional 600+ STRs tested by the Big Y-700) which is not shared by descendants of Arthur or Henry. FTY1094=17 is found in descendants of Pilgrim John while the descendants of Arthur and Henry both have FTY1094=16. Ideally, we would like to have more Pilgrim John Howland descendants take the Big Y-700 test to confirm whether or not this mutation is found in all Pilgrim John Howland descendants (or to pinpoint when this STR mutation occurred).

===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs except R-A9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County and (as noted above) there are several probate records of various Howlands, etc. in Kent in the 15th & 16th Centuries, so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on STR markers for two descendants

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M223 based on 37 STR markers for a descendant

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland).

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

Baxter (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham)

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T16:48:02Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Previous Y-DNA testing */

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Still to do as of October 7, 2024===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. One individual with a Baker surname has Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. He lists his Most Distant Known Patrilineal Ancestor (MDKPA) as Frederick Baker, born 1850. Research has indicated where this Frederick Baker was baptized at Newnham, Kent, England on 10 Nov 1850. The record did not name a father, but gave his mother's name as Charlotte Baker. Census records indicate where she was unmarried when Frederick was born. Census records also indicate where a James Howland was living in Newnham, age 22 in the UK 1851 Census. He was listed as a servant and living in the household of Thomas Baker Elvy who was named after Thomas Baker, the latter was apparently was an uncle to Charlotte.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
Isaac Howland (1659-1724)
Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)
Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)
Charles CROCKER Howland (c1765-1801)
Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)
James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)
Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''A9708'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations may well be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y-700 test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants have all tested positive for FT62784 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for this SNP.

The two descendants of Pilgrim John Howland do not share any SNPs in common with each other, but the do have a STR mutation (within the additional 600+ STRs tested by the Big Y-700) which is not shared by descendants of Arthur or Henry. FTY1094=17 is found in descendants of Pilgrim John while the descendants of Arthur and Henry both have FTY1094=16. Ideally, we would like to have more Pilgrim John Howland descendants take the Big Y-700 test to confirm whether or not this mutation is found in all Pilgrim John Howland descendants (or to pinpoint when this STR mutation occurred).

===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs exceptA-9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on STR markers for two descendants

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M223 based on 37 STR markers for a descendant

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland).

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

Baxter (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham)

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Howland (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T16:21:20Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Speculative OriginsThe parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. One individual with a Baker surname has Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. He lists his Most Distant Known Patrilineal Ancestor (MDKPA) as Frederic...

==Status summary==
===Completed as of May 18, 2019: ===
* ''Big Y-500'' (original Big Y) test completed for a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland
* ''Y Elite'' test for Henry Howland Jr. descendant completed (kit '''E8PEF''', tested previously at FTDNA as kit #37929).
* ''Big Y-700'' test completed for a male Howland who cannot trace his Y-DNA line (via the traditional "paper" trail) to one of the Howland brothers. This test confirms he descends from one of the brothers (and hints where he may descend from Arthur Howland, brother to "Pilgrim" John and Henry {II}).
* Comparing the above tests, a SNP (A9705) has been found in a descendant of "Pilgrim" John Howland, which not found in the other Howland results. This SNP available for testing at [https://www.yseq.net YSEQ DNA Origins Project] for $18.00 (plus an additional fee for the DNA swab) and may be available or for $15 (plus fee for the DNA swab) at [https://www.fullgenomes.com Full Genomes Corp].
* Recruiting additional Howlands for further SNP testing. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal (all male line) descendant of John Howland should [[Read me First|Read me First]]

===Completed as of October 7, 2024===
* Two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have Big Y tested. They both have fall under the R1b-A9708 clade (which descendants of his brothers also belong to).
* Three patrilineal descendants of Arthur Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FT62874
* Three patrilineal descendants of Henry Howland (brother of John) have Big Y tested. They all fall under R1b-A9708>FGC58211
* One individual who does not descend from Henry Howland (father of the above three brothers) has Big Y tested and been found to be positive for a clade immediately above the R1b-A9708 clade for the three brothers. This individual descends from a close family member (likely father, grandfather or great-grandfather) of Henry Howland of Fen Stanton.

===Still to do as of October 7, 2024===
* Identify where in the line of Pilgrim John Howland the A9705 SNP is found by testing select folks.
* Next Generation Sequence (NGS) test other lines of Pilgrim John Howland to find other SNPs unique to descendants of Pilgrim John.

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|Read me First]]

==Background==
Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have Y-DNA tested.

===Speculative Origins<ref>The parent clade of R-A9708 is R-A9703. A9703 is currently comprised of ten SNPs. One individual with a Baker surname has Big Y-700 tested A9703+ but A9708-. He lists his Most Distant Known Patrilineal Ancestor (MDKPA) as Frederick Baker, born 1850. Research has indicated where this Frederick Baker was baptized at Newnham, Kent, England on 10 Nov 1850. The record did not name a father, but gave his mother's name as Charlotte Baker. Census records indicate where she was unmarried when Frederick was born. Census records also indicate where a James Howland was living in Newnham, age 22 in the UK 1851 Census. He was listed as a servant and living in the household of Thomas Baker Elvy who was named after Thomas Baker, the latter was apparently was an uncle to Charlotte.</ref>===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society has hired a noted Mayflower passenger origins researcher (Caleb Johnson) to trace the origins of the Howland family. His first report was printed in ''The Howland Quarterly'' MAR 2016, pp. 10-20.

Johnson reported he found no evidence of the Howland family in Fen Stanton prior to the time of Henry Howland (father of Pilgrim John). We know Henry was living there as early as 1604, when his son, Simon, was baptized (from the Bishop's Transcript records). Unfortunately both the Parish records, and the Bishop's Transcripts are mostly missing from this time period, so we cannot state when Henry moved to Fen Stanton, nor know whether any of the other children were born there or elsewhere.



A Big Y-700 test result of an individual who does not bear the Howland surname documented where he shares all of the Fen Stanton Howland SNPs with a single exception A9708. Researching the patrilineal ancestry of this individual revealed where he is a Howland descendant from Kent, England. A researcher looked through the early English probate records for Howlands in Kent found the wills of the following: Henry Howling of Brook (1479/80), John Howlene of Brook (1554/55), Simon Howlyn of Brabourne (1522/3) and Simon Howlend of Wye (1524). Any of these may be of the patrilineal line of the Fen Stanton Howlands. See [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Space:The_Howland_Name_in_Kent_and_Huntingdonshire:_An_Integrated_Linguistic%2C_Documentary%2C_and_Genetic_Study WikiTree] for more information.

===Biography===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 '''John Howland''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] John Howland biography.</ref> was the son of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-326 Henry Howland] and his wife [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Unknown-42345 Margaret] of Fen Stanton, Huntingdonshire (now part of Cambridgeshire), England. His death record<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wm4xUcRsk-sC&q=John+Howland#v=snippet&q=John%20Howland&f=false Plymouth Church records I:147(173)]</ref> stated he died 23 Feb 1672[/3] in his "eightieth yeare". The [http://www.Pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org Pilgrim John Howland Society] as well as the [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ General Society of Mayflower Descendants] accepts an estimated birth date of 1592 for John based on this death record.

Per [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson:]
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">It has been traditionally reported that John Howland was born about 1592, based on his reported age at death in the Plymouth Church Records. However, ages at death were often overstated, and that is clearly the case here. John Howland came as a servant for John Carver, which means he was under 25 years old at the time (i.e. he was born after 1595). William Bradford, in the falling-overboard incident, refers to Howland as a "lusty young man," a term that would not likely have applied to a 28-year old given that Bradford himself was only 30. Bradford did call 21-year old John Alden a "young man" though. Howland's wife Elizabeth was born in 1607: a 32-year old marrying a 17-year old is a relatively unlikely circumstance. Howland's last child was born in 1649: a 57-year old Howland would be an unlikely father. All these taken together demonstrate that Howland's age was likely overstated by at least 5 years. Since he signed the "Mayflower Compact", we can assume he was probably at least 18 to 21 years old in 1620.</blockquote>

John came aboard the Mayflower as a servant to Gov. John Carver. Howland's incident during the voyage was duly cataloged by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Of_Plymouth_Plantation William Bradford]:
<blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a know of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.</blockquote>

Some speculate Howland came above board in order to get a breath of fresh air. However, others speculate he may have been used by Gov. Carver as an intermediary between the passengers and the crew. It is rumored their landing at Cape Cod (which clearly fell outside of the land the company was originally chartered) may have been a deliberate attempt to re-negotiate this charter for terms more favorable. If true, it is possible John Howland may have served a vital role in this decision.

John Howland survived the great sickness during the winter of 1620-21 and apparently took over as the head of Gov. Carver's household after the Governor's death in Apr 1621. At this time, "households" were not only family members, but was a means of housing the passengers in the new colony.

It is believed John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)|Elizabeth Tilley]] sometime after Aug 1623. This was presumably the fifth marriage in the colony (after Edward Winslow, Francis Eaton, John Alden & William Bradford [married 14 Aug 1623]). It is also believed they were married sometime prior to the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/landdiv.html 1623 division of land], which actually occurred during what we now consider the first three months of 1624 (Jan - Mar.) This date of marriage is also consistent with the births of their two oldest children (Desire ca 1625 & John who told Judge Sewell he was born 24 2[mo, Apr] 1627.) These two were also included in the [http://www.histarch.illinois.edu/plymouth/cattlediv.html 1627 division of cattle].

Nathaniel Morton's eulogy: <blockquote class="toccolours" style="float:none; padding: 10px 15px 10px 15px; display:table;">The 23th of February 1672 Mr. John Howland senir of the Town of Plymouth Deceased; hee was a Godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ; hee lived untill he attained above eighty yeares in the world, hee was one of the first Comers into this land and proved a usefull Instrument of Good in his place & was the last man that was left of those that Came over in the shipp Called the May Flower, that lived in Plymouth; hee was with honor Intered att the Towne of Plymouth on the 25 of February 1672.</blockquote>

It is said John was the first individual [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6613808/john_howland buried at Burial Hill]<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=1grmpqYO44sC&pg=PA11&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q&f=false Handbook of Old Burial Hill, Plymouth, Massachusetts: Its History, Its Famous Dead, and Its Quaint Epitaphs by A.S. Burbank, 1896, p. 13]</ref>, and likely in the area where a memorial stone for John was erected in 1897. This stone replaced a stone erected in either 1836 or 1844 (which incorrectly stated John's wife was a daughter of Gov. John Carver, so was replaced. This stone is said to have been buried under the new stone).<ref>[http://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 John Howland bio]</ref>

<references />

===Y-DNA Descendants<ref>Two Y-DNA lines listed at [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 wikitree profile for John Howland]</ref>===
John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley had ten children: [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Desire]] (c1625) (Lieut.) John (II)(1627-1699), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hope]] (1629), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Elizabeth]] (1631), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Lydia]] (1633), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Hannah]] (1637), (Capt.) Joseph (1640-1703), (Lieut.) Jabez (1644-1711), [[Joan_Hurst & Elizabeth_Tilley (mtDNA)#Second Generation: |Ruth]] (1646) and (Ens.) Isaac (1649-1723). Several descendants of (Lieut.) John have done Y-DNA testing as well as one descendant of (Capt.) Joseph and one descendant of (Liet.) Jabez. The DNA test results (primarily STR testing) show all of these descendants are genetic/biological cousins and have identified the Y-DNA haplogroup for the Howland family.

For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower'' and Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23''

====Second Generation:====
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-82 '''(Lieut.) John'''] married [[Mary Lee (mtDNA) |Mary Lee]] and they had ten children: Mary (1652), Elizabeth (1655), Isaac (1659), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Hannah]] (1661), Mercy (1663), Lydia (1665), Experience (1666), [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Anne]] (1670), Shubael (1672) and John (III) (1674). Descendants of Isaac & John (III) have Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-54s '''(Capt.) Joseph'''] married [[Elizabeth Southworth (mtDNA) |Elizabeth Southworth]] and they had nine children: James (1669), Nathaniel (1671), Lydia (1673), (Capt.) Thomas (1675), Elizabeth (1678), Sarah (1680), Joseph (1682-1689), Mercy (1682) and Benjamin (1685-1689). A descendant of Nathaniel has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-55 (Lieut.) '''Jabez'''] married Bethia Thacher (sister of [[Tha(t)cher (Y-DNA)#First Generation |(Col.) John Thacher]] and they had eleven children: Jabez (II) (1669), John (1672-1672), Bethiah (1674-1677), Josiah (1676), John (1679-1689), Judah (1683-1689), Seth (1684-1685), Samuel (Esq.) (1686), Experience (1687-1689), Elizabeth (1690) and (Lieut.) Joseph (1692). A descendant of Joseph has Y-DNA tested.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-146 (Ens.) Isaac] married [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth Vaugh(a)n]] and they had eight children: Seth (1677, m. Elizabeth Delano but no ch.), Isaac (II) (1678/9), [[Bennett (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Priscilla]] (1681), Elizabeth (1682-1685), Nathan (1686/7), [[Southworth (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jael]] (1688), Susanna (1690) and Hannah (1694).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-97 '''Isaac Howland'''] was born Barnstable 25 Nov 1659 and died there 26 Dec 1724. He married Barnstable 27 Dec 1686 [[Anne Taylor (mtDNA)#First Generation |Anne Taylor]] and they had seven children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-265 '''Ebenezer'''] (1687 m Elizabeth Justice), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-266 '''Isaac'''] (1689 m Mary Crocker), Mary (1691), Ann (1694), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-269 John] (1696/7 Alice Hamlin), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-270 Noah] (1699-d young) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-271 Joseph] (1702 m Rachel Crocker & Mariah Fuller, no sons by either)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-78 '''Shobal (Shubael) Howland'''] was born Barnstable 30 Sep 1672 and died there 17 Jun 1737. He married Barnstable 13 Dec 1700 [[Mercy Blossom (mtDNA)#First Generation |Mercy Blossom]] and they had three children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1732 '''Jabez'''] (1701 m Elizabeth Percival), Mercy (1710) and Zaccheus (c1713 unm.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-32 '''John Howland (III)'''] was born Barnstable 31 Dec 1674 and died (West) Barnstable 14 Feb 1737/8. He married twice, first abt 1706 [[Joanna Shove (mtDNA)#First Generation |Joanna Shove]] and second Barnstable 18 Jul 1719 [[Crocker (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Mary Crocker]]. By his first wife John had four children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-469 George Gill] (1705 m Abigail Crocker), Hannah (1708), Mary (1711) and Joanna (1715). By his second wife, John had two more children (Barnstable): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-244 '''(Rev.) John'''] (1720/1 m Elizabeth Lewis) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-245 '''Job'''] (1726 m Hannah Jenkins).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-52 James Howland] was born Plymouth bef 29 Dec 1669 and died Kingston aft 26 Aug 1735. He married Barnstable 8 Sep 1697 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mary Lothrop]] and they had six children: Hannah (1699), Abigail (1702), Elizabeth (1704), Thankful (1709), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1884 (Capt.) John] (1711 m Patience Spooner, only one surviving daughter) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1883 James] (1713, never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-98 '''Nathaniel Howland'''] was born Plymouth abt 1671 and died there 29 Dec 1746. He married twice, first Plymouth 3 Mar 1696/7 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Martha Cole]] and second Plymouth 25 Jan 1725/6 Abigail CHURCHILL Billington<ref>Abigail was the widow of [[Billington (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Francis Billington]]</ref> (no children). By his first wife, Nathaniel had five children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-69 Joseph] (1699 d. young), Mary (1701), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-118 '''Nathaniel'''] (1705 m Yetmercy HOWLAND Palmer & Abigail BURT Lane), Martha (1707) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-81 Joseph] (1708 likely never married).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-46 (Capt.) Thomas Howland] was born Plymouth (now Kingston) abt 1675 and died Plymouth 2 Dec 1739. He married Plymouth abt 1699 [[Mary Tilson (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Joanna Cole]] and they had eight children (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-640 Consider] (son, 1700 m Ruth Bryant), Joanna (1702-1715), Experience (1705), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-736 Thomas] (1707-1739/40 unm.), Elizabeth (1710), Hannah (1712), Joanna (1716) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-739 Joseph] (1718 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-300 Jabez Howland (II)] was born Plymouth 16 Nov 1669 and died Bristol, RI 17 Oct 1732. He married twice, first Bristol abt 1697 [[Patience Stafford (mtDNA)#First Generation |Patience Stafford]] and second, Bristol aft 11 Mar 1726/7 Mary Carder (no children). By his first wife, Jabez had nine children (Bristol [now in RI]): Patience (1700-1707), Bethiah (1702), Mercy (1704), Elizabeth (1707-1707), Elizabeth (1709), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699642/facts Jabez] (1713 unm.), Patience (1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40296699643/facts Thomas] (1719 unm.). No Y-DNA lines from Jabez (II).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-234 Josiah Howland] was born Plymouth 6 Aug 1676 and died Bristol (now in RI) 8 Feb 1717/8. He married Barnstable 24 Nov 1709 Yetmercy "Mercy" Shove and they had at least two children: Yetmercy (1712) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2324 Josiah] (1717 unm.) No Y-DNA lines from Josiah.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-238 Samuel Howland (Esq.)] was born Bristol 16 May 1686 and died there 15 May 1748. He married three times (but only had children by his first wife)<ref>Samuel married second, Barrington RI 16 Feb 1742 Rachel Norton and third Rehoboth 4 Jun 1747 Dorothy BALLARD Hunt.</ref>. His first marriage Bristol 6 May 1708 [[Abigail Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation (mtDNA) |Abigail Cary]] had eight children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1050 Samuel] (1709 m Lucie/Sarah Smith & Abigal Moon), Abigail (1710), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-1357 (Dea.) John] (1713 m Martha Wardwell), Tabitha (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2847 Seth] (1719-1719), Phebe (1720), Mary (1722) and Mehitable (1724)

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-240 '''(Lieut.) Joseph Howland'''] was born Bristol 14 Oct 1692 and died there 16 Aug 1737. He married Swansea abt 1710 [[Bathsheba Cary (mtDNA)#First Generation |Bathsheba Cary]] and they had three children: Lydia (1715), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2275 '''Joseph'''] (1717 m Sarah Barker) and Elizabeth (1719).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-253 Isaac Howland (II)] was born Middleborough 6 Mar 1678/9 and died there 26 Feb 1723/4. He married Middleborough abt 1713 Sarah Thomas and they had four children: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-261 Isaac] (1714 unm.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-262 Jeremiah] (1715 m Betty Vaughn), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-849 Joseph] (1717 m Elizabeth Mitchell) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-263 Charles] (1722-1723).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-255 Nathan Howland] was born Middleborough 17 Jan 1686/7 and died Middleborough bet.Mar 1733/4 - Jul 1759.<ref>Nathan sold land (rec. 29 Mar 1734) - widow sued David Miller. 15 May 736 Seth Howland sold the homestead of his grandfather Isaac (called deceased) which was originally sold to Seth's father, Nathan (NOT called deceased).</ref> He married Middleborough bef 1712 [[Barker (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Frances Coombs]] and they had six children: Desire (1712-1716/7), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-2353 Seth] (1714/5 m Lydia Cobb), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4280s Caleb] (1717 no further record), Priscilla (1719/20), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-4281 George] (1723 no further record) and Ruth (1727).

<references />

===Lineage of tested descendants===
We currently have One Big Y-700 result of a patrilineal descendant of Pilgrim John Howland and a second Y-DNA descendant has taken the older Big Y-500 test. The lineages of these individuals are in '''bold font.''' Lineages not in bold font have taken some level of Y-STR testing, but have not done any Y-SNP testing. They are STR marker matches to the Big Y testers, so it is assumed the lineage is accurate:

'''(Pilgrim) John Howland (1592-1672)'''
'''(Lt) John Howland (II) (1627-1704)'''
Isaac Howland (1659-1724)
Isaac Howland (II)(1689-1751)
Benjamin Howland (1729-p1765)
Charles CROCKER Howland (c1765-1801)
Benjamin C. Howland (1801-1871)
James Lewis Howland (1832-1902)
Allen Baker Howland (1863-1937)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
Shobal Howland (1672-1737)
Jabez Howland (1701-1764)
James Howland (1729-b1790)
Joseph Howland (1762-1841)
Joseph W. Howland (1793-1864)
Asaph Dewey Howland (1826-1898)
William Bailey Howland (1873-1931)
Ralph William Howland (1899-1958)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''John Howland (III) (1674-1737/8)'''
'''(Rev) John Howland (IV) (1720-1804)'''
'''James Howland (1760-1850)'''
'''John Howland (1795-1870)'''
'''John Howland (II) (1834-1908)'''
'''John Anton Howland (1868-1959)'''
'''Arthur Eastman Howland (1893-1969)'''
'''''father''''' 
'''(tester) Howland''' 
James Arthur Howland (1874-1948)
(tester) Howland 
Job Howland (1726-1794)
(Capt.) John Howland (1757-1853)
John Howland (II)(1789-1878)
Clark Morton Howland (1824-1900)
(Dr.) John Frank Howland (1868-1951)
John Clark Howland
(tester) Howland (deceased) 
William Avery Howland (1794-1878)
(Col.) Henry Howland (1827-1883)
(Prof.) George Carter Howland (1885-1954)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
(Capt.) Joseph Howland (c1640-1703/4)
Nathaniel Howland (c1671-1746)
Nathaniel Howland (II)(1705-1766)
Joseph Howland (1749-1836)
Gardiner Greene Howland (1787-1851)
Gardiner Greene Howland (II)(1834-1903)
Dulaney Howland (1859-1915)
''father''
(tester) Howland 
'''Jabez Howland (1644-1711)'''
'''Joseph Howland (1692-1737)'''
'''Joseph Howland (II)(1717-1775)'''
'''(Maj.) Benjamin Howland (1768-1818)'''
'''Henry Augustus Howland (1806-1897)'''
'''Henry Balcom Howland (1836-1872)'''
'''Charles Henry Howland (1861-1928)'''
'''Hawthorne Howland (1889-1968)'''
'''(Capt.) John Brown Howland (1917-1962)'''
'''''father'''''
'''(tester) Howland''' 

==DNA Results '''A9708'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Several patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland have had their Y-DNA tested at Family Tree DNA. In addition, four patrilineal descendants of John's brother, Arthur, and several patrilineal descendants of his brother, Henry, have also been tested. See the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland?iframe=ydna-results-overview Howland Surname Y-DNA Project]

Utilizing STR results to determine whether a male Howland descends from Pilgrim John Howland, or one of his brothers is quite risky. STRs are prone to mutate much quicker than SNP results, and they are also prone to back mutations (which hides the mutation) and parallel mutations (where the same mutation happens in two separate lines). Given these risks, and predictions based on STR mutations really need to be confirmed with either traditional "paper-trail" research, or SNP testing to prove the relationship.

Within the 111 STR results, the four descendants of Arthur Howland all have DYS464a=16 (while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have DYS464a=15). In addition, three of the four Arthur descendants have DYS576=18 (while the descendants of John & Henry as well as the fourth Arthur Howland descendant has DYS576=17). Both of these mutations show up within the first 37 STR markers (and everyone in the project has tested at least 37 STRs). Given the fact there are two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both DYS464a=16 and DYS576=18 are descendants of Arthur while males who have only one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Arthur.

Fewer individuals have extended their STR marker testing to 111 markers. We currently have three descendants of Arthur, four descendants of Pilgrim John and four descendants of Henry who have tested 111 STRs. The four descendants of Henry all have DYS485=14 (with all others being DYS485=15) All four also have DYS505=11 (with all others being DYS505=12). Once again, because we have two separate STR mutations, it is likely that male Howland descendants who have both mutations are descendants of Henry while males who only have one of these mutations '''might''' be a descendant of Henry.

There are no STR mutations (within the 111 STRs) found to be in common with Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, but in general, results which do not have any of the above STR mutations are likely to be descendants of Pilgrim John.

===NGS/WGS DNA testing===
Currently, there are eight Y-DNA Howland descendants who have taken the Big Y-700 test. Two are Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland, three are descendants of Henry and three are descendants of Arthur. They all fall under [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/u106/about Haplogroup R1b-U106] where they have been classified as: Z9>Z30>Z2>Z7>Z8>Z1>Z344>Z6>A96>S10415>A9703>A9708 This last clade is comprised of a single SNP (which is available for testing at YSEQ.org).

The three Henry Howland descendants (from two different sons, Zoeth and Samuel) have tested positive for FGC58211 and FGC58203 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Arthur have tested negative for these SNPs. The three Arthur Howland descendants have all tested positive for FT62784 while the descendants of Pilgrim John and Henry have tested negative for this SNP.

The two descendants of Pilgrim John Howland do not share any SNPs in common with each other, but the do have a STR mutation (within the additional 600+ STRs tested by the Big Y-700) which is not shared by descendants of Arthur or Henry. FTY1094=17 is found in descendants of Pilgrim John while the descendants of Arthur and Henry both have FTY1094=16. Ideally, we would like to have more Pilgrim John Howland descendants take the Big Y-700 test to confirm whether or not this mutation is found in all Pilgrim John Howland descendants (or to pinpoint when this STR mutation occurred).

===Availability of Y-DNA SNP testing===
Family Tree DNA (www.familytreedna.com) currently does not offer individual Y-SNP testing and the only test they have to discover your Y-SNPs is the Big Y-700 test (regular price US $449, but they do have sales on this test from time to time). However, YSEQ does have [https://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=23383&osCsid=ff8e8a0b0438d0092cce73f75797197d A9708] for purchase (US $3.00 for the DNA sample kit and US $19.00 for the Y-SNP test).

===Usefulness of ''Big Y'' and ''Y-Elite tests''===
DNA mutations are random events, like the roll of a dice. As they are random, we can't say exactly how long it has been since a mutation occurred. However, just like rolling a seven on a pair of dice, we know how often a mutation should occur on average. For the part of the Y chromosome covered by a typical Big Y-700 test, this is about once per two to three generations, but it could vary from having more than one mutation in a generation to going several generations without a mutation.

Consequently, most of the time, we don't expect to separate a father and a son with a mutation we find. Indeed (while it isn't generally recommended), there have been a number of cases where both a father and his son have taken a Big Y test. In most cases, neither test shows a mutation the other doesn't. However, there are exceptions to this. These are caused not only by new mutations in the son's test, but also slight differences between the two Big Y tests.

Big Y, like all such tests, reads chunk-sized pieces of DNA. Depending on how these chunks are split up, slightly different parts of the Y chromosome will be tested. So two Big Y tests might only overlap on 98% of the mutations they test. The other 2% of mutations will only be called in one test or the other. Alternatively, they may be accurately read in one test, but read below the threshold for quality control in the other test. Consequently, there may be more "private" mutations that separate two people than we expect.

The real importance in doing the Big Y or Y-Elite test is the ability to compare your results with others. This works at all different levels.

We currently have a number of Big Y (and similar test) results across the Howland family. This has allowed us to determine where the A9708 clade belongs the Howland family, descendants of Henry Howland (c1565-1635) of Fen Stanton, England. As more Howlands take this type of test we will be able to determine subclades defining his descendants, eventually separating the families of his three sons (John, Henry & Arthur) and later defining more recent branches.

It also works in the opposite level, in discovering related surnames. Originally, the Wing family was the closest non-surname match to the Howlands. However, recently another Big Y tester came in and was found to be positive for a SNP not found in the Wing family but found within the Howland family (A9701). This other tester descends from a Rogers family (NOT related to Thomas and Joseph Rogers of the Mayflower). Going further back in time, Big Y results shows where the Howland/Rogers family shares a clade (S10415) with the following families: Wing, Maybury, Baldwin, Rogers, Bishop, and Foat. More families are found at each clade level above S10415 which shows the degree of relationship similar to first, second, third etc. cousins.

Recently an individual (who does not bear the Howland surname, but almost certainly has an NPE and Howland ancestry in England) has Big Y-700 tested and been found to be positive for all of the Howland SNPs exceptA-9708. Thus this individual descends from a fairly close ancestral Howland of the older Henry Howland of Fen Stanton. This person's ancestry is from Kent County so it is likely this is also where the patrilineal ancestry of Henry Howland is from.

Another related item is the ability to estimate the age of each of these clades. We know the age of the Howland family in America starts with the birth of their father, Henry Howland ca 1565. The Howlands all share at least eleven SNPs not found in the next closest family (Rogers). While the mutations are random events, so we cannot state precisely how much time elapses between one mutation and another, we can say a mutation happens '''on average''' a little over every 80 years. Thus, the Rogers family is roughly 80*11=880 or so years before ca 1565 (or roughly 650 AD). The other surnames at the S10415 level are one SNP above the Howland/Rogers clade (A9701), so dates roughly to 575 AD or so.

===The Howland teeth===
The Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS) owns several acres of land at Rocky Nook, Kingston. This land included the home (in late life) of Pilgrim John Howland (which was inherited by his son Jabez) and across the Road (Howland Lane) the homestead of Joseph Howland (son of Pilgrim John) which was inherited by Joseph's eldest son, James. For many years, the PJHS has been exploring the sites with archaeological digs. During one such dig at the Joseph Howland site, two wisdom teeth (third molars) were discovered, which were apparently extracted from someone living at the house. This home site appears to have been abandoned sometime after the death of James Howland, so it is likely the teeth were either from one of Joseph Howland's children or one of James Howland's children. The PJHS is currently exploring the possibility of having DNA testing performed on the teeth.

==Summary of findings==
We currently have two patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John Howland who have publicized their NGS/WGS test results. One descendant is from John (II) and the other descendant is from Jabez (both sons of Pilgrim John). These two descendants do not share any SNPs which are not shared by the patrilineal descendants of Pilgrim John's brothers, so there is currently no SNP which definitively documents all of Pilgrim John's line (as separate from his brothers lines). The John (II) descendant has documented two SNPs not found in the Jabez line (A9705 and Z18598) while the descendant of Jabez has documented two currently unnamed SNPs not found in the John line (13599901 and 12315744). Thus anyone who falls into the Howland A9703 clade who also tests positive for one of these four SNPs must descend from Pilgrim John. But not all Pilgrim John patrilineal descendants would test positive for any of these four SNPs. In addition, any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for A9705 or Z18598 must descend from John, son of Pilgrim John; while any A9703+ individual who also tests positive for 13599901 and/or 12315744 must descend from Jabez, son of Pilgrim John.

A9705 has been made available for individual SNP testing, but for technical reasons Z18598 is not able to be made available.

We now need to identify where along the line of descent the A9705 and the unnamed SNPs occurred.

==Allied Families==
The following families are connected to John Howland via marriage to descendants:

[[Gorham (Y-DNA)|Gorham]] (Capt. John Gorham married Desire Howland). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on STR markers for two descendants

[[Chipman (Y-DNA)|Chipman]] (Elder John Chipman married Hope Howland). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M223 based on 37 STR markers for a descendant

[[Dickinson (Y-DNA)|Dickinson]] (John Dickinson was the second husband to Elizabeth Howland).

[[Hawes (Y-DNA)|Hawes]] (John Hawes married Desire Gorham). Y-DNA predicted to fall under I-M253 based on the 37 STR markers for two descendants

Baxter (Thomas Baxter married Temperance Gorham)

==External links and references==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 1 (First four generations), Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1991
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, volume 2 (son John Howland)'', Picton Press, Camden, ME. 1993
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Robert S. Wakefield, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part I (first 4 generations of John Howland) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2006
* Lainhart, Ann Smith & Jane Fletcher Fisk, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations, Volume 23 Part III (sons Joseph & Jabez) '' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2012
* Anderson, Robert Charles, ''The Great Migration Begins: Immigrants to New England 1620-1633 vol. II (G-O)'', New England Historic Genealogical Society, Boston, MA. 1995
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 68-81
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Passenger References (from contemporary records & scholarly journals)'' [www.stewartbooks.com Stewart Publishing & Printing], Canada. Second Edition, 2015

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/howland/ Caleb Johnson's Mayflower History biography of John Howland]
* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/john_howland.htm Pilgrim Hall biography of John Howland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Howland Wikipedia biography of John Howland]
* [https://mayflower.americanancestors.org/john-howland-biography Pilgrim Migrations biography of John Howland]

* [http://www.pilgrimjohnhowlandsociety.org/ Pilgrim John Howland Society (PJHS)]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/ The General Society of Mayflower Descendants]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Howland/default.aspx Howland Surname DNA Project]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/mayflowersociety/about Mayflower Descendants (Y and mtDNA) Project]
* [https://www.themayflowersociety.org/shop/books-publications/silver-books-and-mfip "Five Generations" Project (Silver Books & Mayflower Families in Progress)]
* [https://app.box.com/s/anhd7o94h00p5s3rw2jaxf87lhv034f8 (Download pdf file) Y-DNA descendants of Pilgrim John Howland]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-howland-family/ The Howland Family - The Mayflower Society]

* [http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/pdf/John_Howland_17th_Century_Documents.pdf Pilgrim Hall Museum Howland documents]
* [http://www.americanancestors.org/databases/plymouth-county-ma-probate-file-papers-1686-1881/image/?volumeId=20951&pageName=10932:1&rId=426335382 Probate Papers (from www.americanancestors.org)]
* [http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GSln=Howland&GSfn=John&GSbyrel=all&GSdy=1672&GSdyrel=in&GSob=n&GRid=6613808&df=all& Find-a-Grave for John Howland]

* [http://dgmgenealogy.info/HowlandDescendants/ps05/ps05_016.htm John Howland of the Mayflower and Descendants]
* [http://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Howland-21 Wikitree bio for John Howland]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/John-Howland-Mayflower-Passenger/6000000002165248313 Geni bio for John Howland]
* [http://trees.ancestry.com/tree/74451455/family/pedigree?cfpid=40296679860&selnode=1 Y-DNA and mtDNA descendants of John & Elizabeth (Tilley) Howland]
* [http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=barbpretz&id=I414 RootsWeb WorldConnect Project, with good citations]

* [https://mayflowerdna.org/wiki/index.php/Joan_Hurst_%26_Elizabeth_Tilley_(mtDNA) mtDNA of Elizabeth Tilley and her mother, Joan Hurst]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/R-A9703/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections - John Howland]
* [https://www.fullgenomes.com/ Full Genomes Corp. and Y Elite 2.1 test]
* [http://yseq.net YSEQ, which utilizes the traditional Sanger-sequencing for Y-DNA]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Gorham (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T16:12:14Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* NGS/WGS testing */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of August 18, 2026: ===
* Identified the Y-DNA Haplogroup for the Gorham family of Barnstable. The family falls under the I-FTD60129 clade.
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) John Gorham descendants for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]
* Documented where Miles Gorham of Virginia (c1625-1683) is somehow related to the Gorham family of Barnstable.

<big>'''IMPORTANT: [[Read me First|Read me First'''</big>]]

===Still to do as of August 18, 2026===
* Develop subclades below I-FTD60129 by testing more John Gorham patrilineal descendants.

==Biography==
For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 John Gorum] (as he consistently spelled his name) was likely<ref>The "Wast Book" of Col. John Gorham (a great-grandson of Capt. John) stated his great-grandfather's father was also named John. In addition, Col. Gorham stated he found the arms of his Gorham family "from Huntingtunshear". See Mayflower Descendant 5:173-175</ref> the "John Gorram Sonne of Ralph Gorram" baptized at Benefield, Northamptonshire, England 28 Jan 1620/1.<ref>Image of baptismal record found at Ancestry.com [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/9198/30P-1-1570-1705_00050/9423423?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts/citation/960051741988/edit/record] Unfortunately the right hand side of the page (which includes the date) does not show up on this record.</ref> The family was found in Duxburrow (now Duxbury), Plymouth Colony in 1637, and likely were then fairly recent immigrants.<ref>He may have been the John Gorham who was recorded on board the ''Philip'' on 20 Jun 1635 (White, John Howland vol. I:9)</ref>. John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#mtDNA Descendants |Desire Howland]] (eldest daughter of Mayflower Passengers John Howland & Elizabeth Tilley) about 1643.<ref>Based on the fact their first child was born 2 Apr 1644</ref> The family moved to Marshfield shortly after the first child was born, but was in Yarmouth (on Cape Cod) by 1652. They were found in Barnstable in 1658<ref>This may be due to a change in the town lines, or a recognition of an error in calling the property in Yarmouth</ref> They were still living in Barnstable as late as Jun 1674. John was a Captain in King Phillip's War and almost certainly his death (possibly due to disease) was due to his service. He was buried at Swansey (now Swansea) in Bristol County on 5 Feb 1675/6.

John & Desire had eleven chilren: Desire (1644), Temperance (1646), James (1650), John (1651/2), Joseph (1653/4), Jabez (1656), Mercy (1658), Lydia (1661), Hannah (1663) and Shubael (1667).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-6 James Gorham] was born Marshfield 28 Apr 1650 and died Barnstable in late 1707.<ref>Either November or December.</ref> 0He married [[Huckins (mtDNA) |Hannah Huckins]] Feb 1673/4 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had eleven children (Barnstable): Desire (1674), James (1676/7), Experience (1678), John (1680), Mehitable (1683), Thomas (1684), Mercy (1686), Joseph (1689), Jabez (1690/1), Sylvanus (1693) and Ebenezer (1695/6).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-18 (Lieut. Col.) John Gorham] was born Marshfield 20 Feb 1651/2 and died Barnstable 11 Nov 1716. He married [[Otis (mtDNA) |Mary Otis]] Feb 1674/5 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had nine children ([West] Barnstable): John (1675/6-1679), Temperance (1678), Mercy (1680), Stephen (1683), Shubael (1686), John (1688), Thankful (1690), Job (1692) and Mercy (1695).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-29 (Ens.) Joseph Gorham] was born Yarmouth 16 Feb 1653/4 and died there 9 Jul 1726. He married (prob. in Yarmouth) before 1678 [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Sturgis]] and they had eight children (Yarmouth): Sarah (1678/9), Joseph (1681), Samuel (1682), John (1683/4 d.y.), Desire (1685), Isaac (1687-1714 no ch.), Hezekiah (1689-1714 no ch.) and Josiah (1692).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-30 Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 3 Aug 1656 and died in Bristol (now part of RI) in 1725.<ref>Will 16 Mar 1724/5, proved 20 Apr 1725.</ref> He married [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah STURGIS Gray]] before 1677. They moved to Bristol, MA (now in Rhode Island) about 1682.<ref>After the birth of their third child, Samuel.</ref> They had eleven children: Hannah (1677-1682), Elizabeth (c1680), Samuel (1682), Jabez (1683/4), Shubael (1686-1734 no ch.), Isaac (1688/9), John (1690-1717 no ch.), Joseph (1692), Hannah (1693/4), Benjamin (1695) and Thomas (1701).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-34 Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 21 Oct 1667 and died there in 1750. He married Nantucket Island in May 1695 to [[Hussey (mtDNA) |Puella (Priscilla?) Hussey]] and they had ten children: George (1696/7), Abigail (1699), Lydia (1701), Hannah (1703), Theodate (1705), Daniel (1708), Desire (1710), Ruth (1713), Deborah z(c1715) and Jonathan (d.y.).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293731/facts James Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1676/7 and died there in 1718.<ref>Will 10 Sep 1718, proved 5 Nov 1718.</ref> He married Barnstable 29 Sep 1709 Mary Joyce and they had five children (West Barnstable): Thankful (1711 m [[Hawes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Hawes]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293968/facts Isaac] (bp 1715 m Mary Hallett & Mary Cobb), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293989/facts Hezekiah] (bp 1715 m Anna ALLEN Davis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320294013/facts James] (bp 1717 no children) and Mary (bp 1719).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042431/facts John Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Aug 1680 and died (West) Yarmouth in 1729.<ref>Will 20 Jul 1729 probated 5 Nov 1729.</ref> He married Barnstable 14 Feb 1705/6 Ann Brown and they had six children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066270825/facts Matthias] (1706 m Mary Davis), Mercy (1708), Desire (1710), Rose (1711/2), Elizabeth (1714) and Anne (1716/7).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042433/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Barnstable 16 Dec 1684 and died there bef Dec 1771.<ref>Will proved 3 Dec.</ref> He married Nantucket Island 7 May 1707 Rachel Trott and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295502/facts Benjamin] (1708 m [[Hinckley (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah BAXTER Cobb]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295504/facts Reuben] (1709 d.y.), Priscilla (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295508/facts Samuel] (1713 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295510/facts Peter] (1713 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295512/facts Paul] (1717/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295515/facts Abraham] (1720 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295516/facts James] (1723 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295517/facts Gershom] (1725 m Winifred North, but no ch.) and Abigail (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192111/facts Joseph Gorham] was born Barnstable 25 Mar 1689 and is said to have died there, likely unmarried, in 1762.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042436/facts Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1690/1 and died Fairfield, CT bef 5 Mar 1739/40. He married abt. 1718 _____<ref>Her given name was NOT Molly, as many sources state. This error came from mis-transcribing a 1773 Fairfield church record as 1733.</ref> and they had four children (last three bp. Fairfield): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339364/facts James] (c1719 m Miriam Hull), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339362/facts David] (bp 1722/3 m Abigail Jackson), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339365/facts Jabez] (bp 1725 m Mary Burbank) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339363/facts John] (bp 1728 m Mary ___ but no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042437/facts Sylvanus Gorham] was born Barnstable 13 Oct 1693 and died Stratford, CT bef 24 Sep 1747, likely unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042438/facts Ebenezer Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Feb 1695/6 and died there 16 Nov 1776. He married Yarmouth 9 Nov 1727 Temperance Hawes and they had nine children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340080/facts Ebenezer] (1729 m Mary Thacher & Hope DOTY Carver), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340081/facts Prince] (1730/1 m Abigail Gorham & Desire Clapp), Hannah (1733), Mary (1735), Sarah (1737 d.y.), Thankful (bp 1739), Sarah (bp 1741), Temperance (bp 1744) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340087/facts Silvanus] (bp 1746 m Anna Gorham).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042968/facts Stephen Gorham] was born Barnstable 23 Jun 1683 and died either Barnstable or Nantucket Island in 1743. He married Nantucket 25 Dec 1703 Elizabeth Gardner and they had twelve children: Mary (1704), Susannah (1705), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877410/facts Nathaniel] (1709 m Mary Soley), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877416/facts Barnabas] (1715 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877421/facts Zaccheus] (1717 unm.), Elizabeth (1718), Eunice (1720), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877417/facts Stephen] (1722 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877418/facts Josiah] (1723 m Deborah Lovell), Lois (1727) and Lydia (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281527/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Sep 1686 and died during the military expedition to Louisbourg, Nova Scotia 20 Feb 1745/6. He married Barnstable 23 Dec 1708 Mary Thacher and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281775/facts John] (1709 m Elizabeth Allyn), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281776/facts David] (1712 m Abigail Sturgis & Elizabeth Stevens), Mary (1713/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281778/facts William] (1716 unm.), Lydia (1718), Hannah (1720-1721), Hannah (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281782/facts Shubael] (1723 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281783/facts Joseph] (1725 m Ann Spry & Elizabeth ___ Hunter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281784/facts Benjamin] (1726 m Nancy Hinckley).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042969/facts John Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 28 Sep 1688 and died there in 1769. He married Barnstable 2 Oct 1712 Prudence Crocker and they had fourteen children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461063/facts Joseph] (1713 m Abigail Lovell), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461073/facts Benjamin] (1715 m Mary Sturgis), Ann (1716/7), Deborah (1718), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461065/facts John] (1720 d.y.), Thankful (1721/2), Mary (1723/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40569670975/facts Nathaniel] (1726 m Anna Lewis), Experience (1728-1728), Mercy (1729 d.y.), Naomi (1731-1731), Abigail (1732), Prudence (1734) and Rachel (1736).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454421821/facts Job Gorham] was born Barnstable 30 Aug 1692 and died there bef 2 Nov 1762.<ref>Will proved.</ref> He married twice, first Barnstable 4 Dec 1716 Desire Dimmock, and second Fairfield, CT 25 Nov 2735 Bethiah STURGIS Freeman. By his first wife he had five children (Barnstable): Temperance (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423158/facts Thomas] (1723 m Hannah Gorham & Rebecca TAYLOR Jones), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423232/facts Edward] (1725 d.y.), Desire (1727/8) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423319/facts Job] (1730 d.y.). By his second wife he had one more child: Sarah (bp 1736 d.y.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778796/facts Joseph Gorham (II)] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1681 and died Stratford, CT 24 Apr 1742. He married twice, first Charlestown 9 Nov 1708 Sarah Kirk and second, Boston 20 Jun 1723 Temperance NORTON Adams. By his first wife he had five children: Mary (1709), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269879/facts George] (1711 m Hannah Welles), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269877/facts Joseph] (1712 m Anna/Hannah Curtis), Elizabeth (1716-1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269881/facts John] (1718 unm.). By his second wife he had three more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219952/facts Samuel] (1724 m Ann Green), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219957/facts Hezekiah] (1727/8 likely unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219958/facts Benjamin] (1733 likely unm.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778791/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth Oct 1682 and died prob. in Bristol (now in RI) bef 27 Apr 1712. He married Newport, RI [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Hedge]] but they had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778789/facts John Gorham] was born Yarmouth 28 Feb 1683/4. He married abt 1706 Ann Brown but there is no further record of this couple.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778787/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Yarmouth in Oct 1687 and died Yarmouth bef 14 Jan 1714/5 unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693278/facts Josiah Gorham] was born Yarmouth 2 Dec 1692 and died there 1 or 2 Apr 1775. He married three times, first poss. in RI bef Jul 1717 Sarah _____, second Yarmouth 15 Mar 1721/2 Priscilla Sears and third Yarmouth 25 Oct 1761 Mercy GRAY Hallett (no children). By his first wife he had one child (Newport): Rebecca (1717). By his second wife he had eight more children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40372023149/facts Samuel] (1722/3 m Abigail Hallett), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778807/facts Isaac] (1724/5 Sarah Smith but no ch.), Joseph (1728-1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778813/facts Josiah] (1730 m Hannah Hallett but no ch.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693502/facts Hezekiah] (1732 m Abigail Sturgis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778811/facts Stephen] (1735 m Sarah Freeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778808/facts John] (1735-1755 unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778805/facts David] (1738 m Rebecca Hamblin).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209009/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1682 and died Bristol, RI 24 Nov 1735. He married Newport, RI 22 Jun 1708 Elizabeth Hedge but it is believed they never had any children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055955/facts Jabez Gorham (II)] was born Bristol (now in RI) 31 Jan 1683/4 and died there 21 Nov 1745. He married twice, first Bristol bef 1707 Leah Littlefield and second Bristol 31 Jul 1744 Mary Maxfield (no children). By his first wife Jabez had eight children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234043/facts Samuel] (1707-1730 likely unm.), Elizabeth (1710-1726), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234034/facts Shubael] (1713-1734 unm.), Hannah (1717), Mary (1721), Rebecca (1723), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234036/facts Nathan] (1725 m Susannah Kelly) and Deborah (1732).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209012/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Bristol 12 Apr 1686 and died there in 1734. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055956/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Bristol 1 Feb 1688/9 and died New Haven, CT bef Mar 1739/40.<ref>Inventory of his estate presented to court.</ref> He married twice, first abt 1712 Mary ___ and second 6 Aug 1717 New Haven Hannah Miles. By his first wife he had two children (Bristol): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210095/facts Isaac] (1712/3 m Jemima Potter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210099/facts Hezekiah] (1714/5-1715). By his second wife Isaac had nine more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210092/facts John] (1720 m Lydia Dorman), Mary (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210089/facts Timothy] (1723 m Mary Mable Punchard & Sarah Rowe Brown), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210090/facts Hezekiah] (1725 m Abigail Dickerman), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), Samuel (bp 1730-1755 no ch.), Hannah (1733), Sarah (1735) and Richard (1737-b1740).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055949/facts John Gorham] was born Bristol 8 Nov 1690 and died there Jan 1717. He is believed to have married Sarah ____ but prob. had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055953/facts (Lieut.) Joseph Gorham] was born Bristol 22 Aug 1692 and died Fairfield (now Westport), CT 19 Jan 1773. He married twice, first Fairfield, CT 11 May 1715 Abigail Lockwood and second Fairfield 13 Jan 1725/6 Deborah Barlow. By his first wife he had seven children: Hannah (1715/6 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193562/facts Daniel] (1717 m Jane Bates), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193558/facts Jabez] (1718/9 m Mary Couch), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193561/facts Lockwood] (1720 m Abigail Meeker), Joseph (1721/2 d.y.), Shubael (1723 d.y.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193560/facts Ichabod] (1724/5 m Sarah Barlow). By his second wife Joseph had eight more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193555/facts Shubael] (1726 m Rebecca Hollebert & Abigail Frost), Abigail (1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193546/facts Isaac] (1730 m Anne Wakeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193547/facts John] (1732 m Abigail Waterman), Hannah (1737), Mary (1739), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193548/facts Joseph] (1741 m Mary Gray) and Abigail (1744).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209011/facts Benjamin Gorham] was born Bristol 11 Dec 1695 and died Providence, RI between 18 Oct 1771 - 25 Jan 1772.<Providence deeds.</ref> He married Bristol 1717 Bethiah Cary and they had seven children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231368/facts Benjamin] (1718 d.y.), Bethiah (1721), Sarah (1723), Jemima (c1725), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231379/facts Jabez] (c1730 m Abigail Field) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231385/facts Samuel] (c1732 no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209010/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Bristol 30 Oct 1701 and died bef 16 Mar 1724/5. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099266/facts George Gorham] was born Barnstable 29 Jan 1696/7 and died Stamford, CT between 28 Mar - 5 May 1772. He married New Rochelle, NY 20 Jul 1726 Hannah Banks and they had thirteen children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192840/facts Shubael] (1727 m Mary Selleck), Hannah (1728/9), Puella (1730), Abigail (1731/2), Mary (1733), Phebe (1735), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192842/facts Daniel] (1737 unm?), Anne (1738), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192846/facts Jonathan] (1740 m Mary Walters ), Sarah (1742), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192844/facts George] (1744 m Sarah Stevens), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192847/facts Joseph] (1745/6 unm?) and Deborah (1748).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099273/facts Daniel Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Sep 1708 and died London, ENG in 1745. He never married.

===Southern Gorham Family===
Miles Gorham of Virginia is the earliest known patrilineal ancestor of a large branch of Southern Gorhams. Two of his patrilineal descendants have Big Y-700 tested and their test results document where they both fall under I-FTG4139, a subclade of the Barnstable Gorham family clade of I-FTD60129. This indicates Miles Gorham must somehow be closely related to the Gorham family of Barnstable. Given the fact Miles was apparently born ca 1625, it appears he does not descend from Capt. John Gorum but shares a patrilineal ancestor with Capt. John.

'''References'''
<references />

==DNA Results '''I-FTD60129'''==
===Previous DNA testing===
Currently, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Gorham?iframe=ydna-results-overview Gorham surname DNA Project] has four Y-DNA results individuals claiming either (Capt.) John Gorum or Miles Gorham as their patrilineal ancestor.<ref>One of the individuals has a Non-Paternal Event, as he falls under a different haplogroup R1b.</ref> From Y-STR results, the family is predicted to fall under Haplgroup I-M253 <ref>One has also taken the Big Y-700 and falls under BY82922.</ref> There are currently two other Gorham's who have taken some Y-DNA testing at FTDNA and they both fall under I-M253 and are matching with one of the Gorhams in the Gorham surname Project.

===NGS/WGS testing===
As of August 2026, we have four individuals who have Big Y-700 tested.<ref>One of the individuals falls under a totally different haplogroup: R1b so this individual must have a break somewhere in his patrilineal line.</ref> The three individuals fall under I-DF29>Z58>Z138>S2293>Z2541>S19185>S23519>S20030>A13207>A13216>Y94629>BY82922>FTD60129. Two of these individuals actually descend from Miles Gorham of Virginia and fall under a subclade of I-FTD60129>FTG4139.

===Additional NGS/WGS testing needed===
Testing more patrilineal (all male line) descendants of John Gorum may well reveal distinctive haplogroups for Capt. John and Miles as well as defining branches of descendants.

<references />

==References & External Links==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
* King, Helen Hester, B.S. and Linetta Ainsworth Daniels, ''Some Descendants of Capt. John Gorham of Plymouth Colony in New York State and the Western Reserve, Walker Printing Service, Inc, Cleveland, OH 1955, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062879440&view=1up&seq=7
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/gorham/about Gorham surname DNA Project (a Family Tree DNA Project)]
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts Howland DNA tree which includes the Y-DNA line of John Gorham]
* [https://minerdescent.com/2010/05/30/john-gorham/ Capt. John Gorham bio on Miner Descent blog]
* [https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/John_Gorham_(1621-1675) Familypedia wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/Capt-John-Gorham/6000000000453643355 Geni.com wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 wikitree wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38570795/john-gorham find-a-grave wiki on John Gorham]
* [http://www.billputman.com/the-genealogy/canaday-related-families/Gorham1.pdf The Gorham Family (PDF)] USE WITH CAUTION
* [https://usgenwebsites.org/NJCapemay/resources/mayflower_pilgrims_004.html Col. John Gorham's "The Wast Book"]

Gorham (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T16:00:43Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Previous Y-DNA testing */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of August 18, 2026: ===
* Identified the Y-DNA Haplogroup for the Gorham family of Barnstable. The family falls under the I-FTD60129 clade.
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) John Gorham descendants for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]
* Documented where Miles Gorham of Virginia (c1625-1683) is somehow related to the Gorham family of Barnstable.

<big>'''IMPORTANT: [[Read me First|Read me First'''</big>]]

===Still to do as of August 18, 2026===
* Develop subclades below I-FTD60129 by testing more John Gorham patrilineal descendants.

==Biography==
For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 John Gorum] (as he consistently spelled his name) was likely<ref>The "Wast Book" of Col. John Gorham (a great-grandson of Capt. John) stated his great-grandfather's father was also named John. In addition, Col. Gorham stated he found the arms of his Gorham family "from Huntingtunshear". See Mayflower Descendant 5:173-175</ref> the "John Gorram Sonne of Ralph Gorram" baptized at Benefield, Northamptonshire, England 28 Jan 1620/1.<ref>Image of baptismal record found at Ancestry.com [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/9198/30P-1-1570-1705_00050/9423423?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts/citation/960051741988/edit/record] Unfortunately the right hand side of the page (which includes the date) does not show up on this record.</ref> The family was found in Duxburrow (now Duxbury), Plymouth Colony in 1637, and likely were then fairly recent immigrants.<ref>He may have been the John Gorham who was recorded on board the ''Philip'' on 20 Jun 1635 (White, John Howland vol. I:9)</ref>. John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#mtDNA Descendants |Desire Howland]] (eldest daughter of Mayflower Passengers John Howland & Elizabeth Tilley) about 1643.<ref>Based on the fact their first child was born 2 Apr 1644</ref> The family moved to Marshfield shortly after the first child was born, but was in Yarmouth (on Cape Cod) by 1652. They were found in Barnstable in 1658<ref>This may be due to a change in the town lines, or a recognition of an error in calling the property in Yarmouth</ref> They were still living in Barnstable as late as Jun 1674. John was a Captain in King Phillip's War and almost certainly his death (possibly due to disease) was due to his service. He was buried at Swansey (now Swansea) in Bristol County on 5 Feb 1675/6.

John & Desire had eleven chilren: Desire (1644), Temperance (1646), James (1650), John (1651/2), Joseph (1653/4), Jabez (1656), Mercy (1658), Lydia (1661), Hannah (1663) and Shubael (1667).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-6 James Gorham] was born Marshfield 28 Apr 1650 and died Barnstable in late 1707.<ref>Either November or December.</ref> 0He married [[Huckins (mtDNA) |Hannah Huckins]] Feb 1673/4 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had eleven children (Barnstable): Desire (1674), James (1676/7), Experience (1678), John (1680), Mehitable (1683), Thomas (1684), Mercy (1686), Joseph (1689), Jabez (1690/1), Sylvanus (1693) and Ebenezer (1695/6).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-18 (Lieut. Col.) John Gorham] was born Marshfield 20 Feb 1651/2 and died Barnstable 11 Nov 1716. He married [[Otis (mtDNA) |Mary Otis]] Feb 1674/5 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had nine children ([West] Barnstable): John (1675/6-1679), Temperance (1678), Mercy (1680), Stephen (1683), Shubael (1686), John (1688), Thankful (1690), Job (1692) and Mercy (1695).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-29 (Ens.) Joseph Gorham] was born Yarmouth 16 Feb 1653/4 and died there 9 Jul 1726. He married (prob. in Yarmouth) before 1678 [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Sturgis]] and they had eight children (Yarmouth): Sarah (1678/9), Joseph (1681), Samuel (1682), John (1683/4 d.y.), Desire (1685), Isaac (1687-1714 no ch.), Hezekiah (1689-1714 no ch.) and Josiah (1692).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-30 Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 3 Aug 1656 and died in Bristol (now part of RI) in 1725.<ref>Will 16 Mar 1724/5, proved 20 Apr 1725.</ref> He married [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah STURGIS Gray]] before 1677. They moved to Bristol, MA (now in Rhode Island) about 1682.<ref>After the birth of their third child, Samuel.</ref> They had eleven children: Hannah (1677-1682), Elizabeth (c1680), Samuel (1682), Jabez (1683/4), Shubael (1686-1734 no ch.), Isaac (1688/9), John (1690-1717 no ch.), Joseph (1692), Hannah (1693/4), Benjamin (1695) and Thomas (1701).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-34 Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 21 Oct 1667 and died there in 1750. He married Nantucket Island in May 1695 to [[Hussey (mtDNA) |Puella (Priscilla?) Hussey]] and they had ten children: George (1696/7), Abigail (1699), Lydia (1701), Hannah (1703), Theodate (1705), Daniel (1708), Desire (1710), Ruth (1713), Deborah z(c1715) and Jonathan (d.y.).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293731/facts James Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1676/7 and died there in 1718.<ref>Will 10 Sep 1718, proved 5 Nov 1718.</ref> He married Barnstable 29 Sep 1709 Mary Joyce and they had five children (West Barnstable): Thankful (1711 m [[Hawes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Hawes]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293968/facts Isaac] (bp 1715 m Mary Hallett & Mary Cobb), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293989/facts Hezekiah] (bp 1715 m Anna ALLEN Davis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320294013/facts James] (bp 1717 no children) and Mary (bp 1719).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042431/facts John Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Aug 1680 and died (West) Yarmouth in 1729.<ref>Will 20 Jul 1729 probated 5 Nov 1729.</ref> He married Barnstable 14 Feb 1705/6 Ann Brown and they had six children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066270825/facts Matthias] (1706 m Mary Davis), Mercy (1708), Desire (1710), Rose (1711/2), Elizabeth (1714) and Anne (1716/7).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042433/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Barnstable 16 Dec 1684 and died there bef Dec 1771.<ref>Will proved 3 Dec.</ref> He married Nantucket Island 7 May 1707 Rachel Trott and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295502/facts Benjamin] (1708 m [[Hinckley (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah BAXTER Cobb]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295504/facts Reuben] (1709 d.y.), Priscilla (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295508/facts Samuel] (1713 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295510/facts Peter] (1713 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295512/facts Paul] (1717/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295515/facts Abraham] (1720 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295516/facts James] (1723 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295517/facts Gershom] (1725 m Winifred North, but no ch.) and Abigail (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192111/facts Joseph Gorham] was born Barnstable 25 Mar 1689 and is said to have died there, likely unmarried, in 1762.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042436/facts Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1690/1 and died Fairfield, CT bef 5 Mar 1739/40. He married abt. 1718 _____<ref>Her given name was NOT Molly, as many sources state. This error came from mis-transcribing a 1773 Fairfield church record as 1733.</ref> and they had four children (last three bp. Fairfield): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339364/facts James] (c1719 m Miriam Hull), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339362/facts David] (bp 1722/3 m Abigail Jackson), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339365/facts Jabez] (bp 1725 m Mary Burbank) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339363/facts John] (bp 1728 m Mary ___ but no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042437/facts Sylvanus Gorham] was born Barnstable 13 Oct 1693 and died Stratford, CT bef 24 Sep 1747, likely unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042438/facts Ebenezer Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Feb 1695/6 and died there 16 Nov 1776. He married Yarmouth 9 Nov 1727 Temperance Hawes and they had nine children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340080/facts Ebenezer] (1729 m Mary Thacher & Hope DOTY Carver), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340081/facts Prince] (1730/1 m Abigail Gorham & Desire Clapp), Hannah (1733), Mary (1735), Sarah (1737 d.y.), Thankful (bp 1739), Sarah (bp 1741), Temperance (bp 1744) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340087/facts Silvanus] (bp 1746 m Anna Gorham).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042968/facts Stephen Gorham] was born Barnstable 23 Jun 1683 and died either Barnstable or Nantucket Island in 1743. He married Nantucket 25 Dec 1703 Elizabeth Gardner and they had twelve children: Mary (1704), Susannah (1705), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877410/facts Nathaniel] (1709 m Mary Soley), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877416/facts Barnabas] (1715 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877421/facts Zaccheus] (1717 unm.), Elizabeth (1718), Eunice (1720), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877417/facts Stephen] (1722 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877418/facts Josiah] (1723 m Deborah Lovell), Lois (1727) and Lydia (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281527/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Sep 1686 and died during the military expedition to Louisbourg, Nova Scotia 20 Feb 1745/6. He married Barnstable 23 Dec 1708 Mary Thacher and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281775/facts John] (1709 m Elizabeth Allyn), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281776/facts David] (1712 m Abigail Sturgis & Elizabeth Stevens), Mary (1713/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281778/facts William] (1716 unm.), Lydia (1718), Hannah (1720-1721), Hannah (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281782/facts Shubael] (1723 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281783/facts Joseph] (1725 m Ann Spry & Elizabeth ___ Hunter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281784/facts Benjamin] (1726 m Nancy Hinckley).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042969/facts John Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 28 Sep 1688 and died there in 1769. He married Barnstable 2 Oct 1712 Prudence Crocker and they had fourteen children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461063/facts Joseph] (1713 m Abigail Lovell), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461073/facts Benjamin] (1715 m Mary Sturgis), Ann (1716/7), Deborah (1718), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461065/facts John] (1720 d.y.), Thankful (1721/2), Mary (1723/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40569670975/facts Nathaniel] (1726 m Anna Lewis), Experience (1728-1728), Mercy (1729 d.y.), Naomi (1731-1731), Abigail (1732), Prudence (1734) and Rachel (1736).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454421821/facts Job Gorham] was born Barnstable 30 Aug 1692 and died there bef 2 Nov 1762.<ref>Will proved.</ref> He married twice, first Barnstable 4 Dec 1716 Desire Dimmock, and second Fairfield, CT 25 Nov 2735 Bethiah STURGIS Freeman. By his first wife he had five children (Barnstable): Temperance (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423158/facts Thomas] (1723 m Hannah Gorham & Rebecca TAYLOR Jones), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423232/facts Edward] (1725 d.y.), Desire (1727/8) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423319/facts Job] (1730 d.y.). By his second wife he had one more child: Sarah (bp 1736 d.y.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778796/facts Joseph Gorham (II)] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1681 and died Stratford, CT 24 Apr 1742. He married twice, first Charlestown 9 Nov 1708 Sarah Kirk and second, Boston 20 Jun 1723 Temperance NORTON Adams. By his first wife he had five children: Mary (1709), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269879/facts George] (1711 m Hannah Welles), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269877/facts Joseph] (1712 m Anna/Hannah Curtis), Elizabeth (1716-1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269881/facts John] (1718 unm.). By his second wife he had three more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219952/facts Samuel] (1724 m Ann Green), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219957/facts Hezekiah] (1727/8 likely unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219958/facts Benjamin] (1733 likely unm.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778791/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth Oct 1682 and died prob. in Bristol (now in RI) bef 27 Apr 1712. He married Newport, RI [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Hedge]] but they had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778789/facts John Gorham] was born Yarmouth 28 Feb 1683/4. He married abt 1706 Ann Brown but there is no further record of this couple.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778787/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Yarmouth in Oct 1687 and died Yarmouth bef 14 Jan 1714/5 unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693278/facts Josiah Gorham] was born Yarmouth 2 Dec 1692 and died there 1 or 2 Apr 1775. He married three times, first poss. in RI bef Jul 1717 Sarah _____, second Yarmouth 15 Mar 1721/2 Priscilla Sears and third Yarmouth 25 Oct 1761 Mercy GRAY Hallett (no children). By his first wife he had one child (Newport): Rebecca (1717). By his second wife he had eight more children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40372023149/facts Samuel] (1722/3 m Abigail Hallett), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778807/facts Isaac] (1724/5 Sarah Smith but no ch.), Joseph (1728-1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778813/facts Josiah] (1730 m Hannah Hallett but no ch.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693502/facts Hezekiah] (1732 m Abigail Sturgis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778811/facts Stephen] (1735 m Sarah Freeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778808/facts John] (1735-1755 unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778805/facts David] (1738 m Rebecca Hamblin).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209009/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1682 and died Bristol, RI 24 Nov 1735. He married Newport, RI 22 Jun 1708 Elizabeth Hedge but it is believed they never had any children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055955/facts Jabez Gorham (II)] was born Bristol (now in RI) 31 Jan 1683/4 and died there 21 Nov 1745. He married twice, first Bristol bef 1707 Leah Littlefield and second Bristol 31 Jul 1744 Mary Maxfield (no children). By his first wife Jabez had eight children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234043/facts Samuel] (1707-1730 likely unm.), Elizabeth (1710-1726), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234034/facts Shubael] (1713-1734 unm.), Hannah (1717), Mary (1721), Rebecca (1723), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234036/facts Nathan] (1725 m Susannah Kelly) and Deborah (1732).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209012/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Bristol 12 Apr 1686 and died there in 1734. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055956/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Bristol 1 Feb 1688/9 and died New Haven, CT bef Mar 1739/40.<ref>Inventory of his estate presented to court.</ref> He married twice, first abt 1712 Mary ___ and second 6 Aug 1717 New Haven Hannah Miles. By his first wife he had two children (Bristol): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210095/facts Isaac] (1712/3 m Jemima Potter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210099/facts Hezekiah] (1714/5-1715). By his second wife Isaac had nine more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210092/facts John] (1720 m Lydia Dorman), Mary (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210089/facts Timothy] (1723 m Mary Mable Punchard & Sarah Rowe Brown), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210090/facts Hezekiah] (1725 m Abigail Dickerman), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), Samuel (bp 1730-1755 no ch.), Hannah (1733), Sarah (1735) and Richard (1737-b1740).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055949/facts John Gorham] was born Bristol 8 Nov 1690 and died there Jan 1717. He is believed to have married Sarah ____ but prob. had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055953/facts (Lieut.) Joseph Gorham] was born Bristol 22 Aug 1692 and died Fairfield (now Westport), CT 19 Jan 1773. He married twice, first Fairfield, CT 11 May 1715 Abigail Lockwood and second Fairfield 13 Jan 1725/6 Deborah Barlow. By his first wife he had seven children: Hannah (1715/6 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193562/facts Daniel] (1717 m Jane Bates), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193558/facts Jabez] (1718/9 m Mary Couch), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193561/facts Lockwood] (1720 m Abigail Meeker), Joseph (1721/2 d.y.), Shubael (1723 d.y.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193560/facts Ichabod] (1724/5 m Sarah Barlow). By his second wife Joseph had eight more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193555/facts Shubael] (1726 m Rebecca Hollebert & Abigail Frost), Abigail (1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193546/facts Isaac] (1730 m Anne Wakeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193547/facts John] (1732 m Abigail Waterman), Hannah (1737), Mary (1739), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193548/facts Joseph] (1741 m Mary Gray) and Abigail (1744).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209011/facts Benjamin Gorham] was born Bristol 11 Dec 1695 and died Providence, RI between 18 Oct 1771 - 25 Jan 1772.<Providence deeds.</ref> He married Bristol 1717 Bethiah Cary and they had seven children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231368/facts Benjamin] (1718 d.y.), Bethiah (1721), Sarah (1723), Jemima (c1725), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231379/facts Jabez] (c1730 m Abigail Field) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231385/facts Samuel] (c1732 no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209010/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Bristol 30 Oct 1701 and died bef 16 Mar 1724/5. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099266/facts George Gorham] was born Barnstable 29 Jan 1696/7 and died Stamford, CT between 28 Mar - 5 May 1772. He married New Rochelle, NY 20 Jul 1726 Hannah Banks and they had thirteen children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192840/facts Shubael] (1727 m Mary Selleck), Hannah (1728/9), Puella (1730), Abigail (1731/2), Mary (1733), Phebe (1735), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192842/facts Daniel] (1737 unm?), Anne (1738), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192846/facts Jonathan] (1740 m Mary Walters ), Sarah (1742), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192844/facts George] (1744 m Sarah Stevens), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192847/facts Joseph] (1745/6 unm?) and Deborah (1748).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099273/facts Daniel Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Sep 1708 and died London, ENG in 1745. He never married.

===Southern Gorham Family===
Miles Gorham of Virginia is the earliest known patrilineal ancestor of a large branch of Southern Gorhams. Two of his patrilineal descendants have Big Y-700 tested and their test results document where they both fall under I-FTG4139, a subclade of the Barnstable Gorham family clade of I-FTD60129. This indicates Miles Gorham must somehow be closely related to the Gorham family of Barnstable. Given the fact Miles was apparently born ca 1625, it appears he does not descend from Capt. John Gorum but shares a patrilineal ancestor with Capt. John.

'''References'''
<references />

==DNA Results '''I-FTD60129'''==
===Previous DNA testing===
Currently, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Gorham?iframe=ydna-results-overview Gorham surname DNA Project] has four Y-DNA results individuals claiming either (Capt.) John Gorum or Miles Gorham as their patrilineal ancestor.<ref>One of the individuals has a Non-Paternal Event, as he falls under a different haplogroup R1b.</ref> From Y-STR results, the family is predicted to fall under Haplgroup I-M253 <ref>One has also taken the Big Y-700 and falls under BY82922.</ref> There are currently two other Gorham's who have taken some Y-DNA testing at FTDNA and they both fall under I-M253 and are matching with one of the Gorhams in the Gorham surname Project.

===NGS/WGS testing===
As of August 2024, we have three individuals who have Big Y-700 tested.<ref>One of the individuals falls under the R1b Haplogroup.</ref> Two of the individuals fall under I-DF29>Z58>Z138>S2293>Z2541>S19185>S23519>S20030>A13207>A13216>Y94629>BY82922>FTD60129. Since these two individuals fall under two different sons of John Gorum, we know John himself must fall under this haplogroup as well.

===Additional NGS/WGS testing needed===
Testing more patrilineal (all male line) descendants of John Gorum may well reveal distinctive haplogroups for Capt. John and Miles as well as defining branches of descendants.

<references />

==References & External Links==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
* King, Helen Hester, B.S. and Linetta Ainsworth Daniels, ''Some Descendants of Capt. John Gorham of Plymouth Colony in New York State and the Western Reserve, Walker Printing Service, Inc, Cleveland, OH 1955, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062879440&view=1up&seq=7
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/gorham/about Gorham surname DNA Project (a Family Tree DNA Project)]
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts Howland DNA tree which includes the Y-DNA line of John Gorham]
* [https://minerdescent.com/2010/05/30/john-gorham/ Capt. John Gorham bio on Miner Descent blog]
* [https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/John_Gorham_(1621-1675) Familypedia wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/Capt-John-Gorham/6000000000453643355 Geni.com wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 wikitree wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38570795/john-gorham find-a-grave wiki on John Gorham]
* [http://www.billputman.com/the-genealogy/canaday-related-families/Gorham1.pdf The Gorham Family (PDF)] USE WITH CAUTION
* [https://usgenwebsites.org/NJCapemay/resources/mayflower_pilgrims_004.html Col. John Gorham's "The Wast Book"]

Gorham (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T15:58:34Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* First Generation */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of August 18, 2026: ===
* Identified the Y-DNA Haplogroup for the Gorham family of Barnstable. The family falls under the I-FTD60129 clade.
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) John Gorham descendants for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]
* Documented where Miles Gorham of Virginia (c1625-1683) is somehow related to the Gorham family of Barnstable.

<big>'''IMPORTANT: [[Read me First|Read me First'''</big>]]

===Still to do as of August 18, 2026===
* Develop subclades below I-FTD60129 by testing more John Gorham patrilineal descendants.

==Biography==
For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 John Gorum] (as he consistently spelled his name) was likely<ref>The "Wast Book" of Col. John Gorham (a great-grandson of Capt. John) stated his great-grandfather's father was also named John. In addition, Col. Gorham stated he found the arms of his Gorham family "from Huntingtunshear". See Mayflower Descendant 5:173-175</ref> the "John Gorram Sonne of Ralph Gorram" baptized at Benefield, Northamptonshire, England 28 Jan 1620/1.<ref>Image of baptismal record found at Ancestry.com [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/9198/30P-1-1570-1705_00050/9423423?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts/citation/960051741988/edit/record] Unfortunately the right hand side of the page (which includes the date) does not show up on this record.</ref> The family was found in Duxburrow (now Duxbury), Plymouth Colony in 1637, and likely were then fairly recent immigrants.<ref>He may have been the John Gorham who was recorded on board the ''Philip'' on 20 Jun 1635 (White, John Howland vol. I:9)</ref>. John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#mtDNA Descendants |Desire Howland]] (eldest daughter of Mayflower Passengers John Howland & Elizabeth Tilley) about 1643.<ref>Based on the fact their first child was born 2 Apr 1644</ref> The family moved to Marshfield shortly after the first child was born, but was in Yarmouth (on Cape Cod) by 1652. They were found in Barnstable in 1658<ref>This may be due to a change in the town lines, or a recognition of an error in calling the property in Yarmouth</ref> They were still living in Barnstable as late as Jun 1674. John was a Captain in King Phillip's War and almost certainly his death (possibly due to disease) was due to his service. He was buried at Swansey (now Swansea) in Bristol County on 5 Feb 1675/6.

John & Desire had eleven chilren: Desire (1644), Temperance (1646), James (1650), John (1651/2), Joseph (1653/4), Jabez (1656), Mercy (1658), Lydia (1661), Hannah (1663) and Shubael (1667).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-6 James Gorham] was born Marshfield 28 Apr 1650 and died Barnstable in late 1707.<ref>Either November or December.</ref> 0He married [[Huckins (mtDNA) |Hannah Huckins]] Feb 1673/4 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had eleven children (Barnstable): Desire (1674), James (1676/7), Experience (1678), John (1680), Mehitable (1683), Thomas (1684), Mercy (1686), Joseph (1689), Jabez (1690/1), Sylvanus (1693) and Ebenezer (1695/6).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-18 (Lieut. Col.) John Gorham] was born Marshfield 20 Feb 1651/2 and died Barnstable 11 Nov 1716. He married [[Otis (mtDNA) |Mary Otis]] Feb 1674/5 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had nine children ([West] Barnstable): John (1675/6-1679), Temperance (1678), Mercy (1680), Stephen (1683), Shubael (1686), John (1688), Thankful (1690), Job (1692) and Mercy (1695).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-29 (Ens.) Joseph Gorham] was born Yarmouth 16 Feb 1653/4 and died there 9 Jul 1726. He married (prob. in Yarmouth) before 1678 [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Sturgis]] and they had eight children (Yarmouth): Sarah (1678/9), Joseph (1681), Samuel (1682), John (1683/4 d.y.), Desire (1685), Isaac (1687-1714 no ch.), Hezekiah (1689-1714 no ch.) and Josiah (1692).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-30 Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 3 Aug 1656 and died in Bristol (now part of RI) in 1725.<ref>Will 16 Mar 1724/5, proved 20 Apr 1725.</ref> He married [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah STURGIS Gray]] before 1677. They moved to Bristol, MA (now in Rhode Island) about 1682.<ref>After the birth of their third child, Samuel.</ref> They had eleven children: Hannah (1677-1682), Elizabeth (c1680), Samuel (1682), Jabez (1683/4), Shubael (1686-1734 no ch.), Isaac (1688/9), John (1690-1717 no ch.), Joseph (1692), Hannah (1693/4), Benjamin (1695) and Thomas (1701).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-34 Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 21 Oct 1667 and died there in 1750. He married Nantucket Island in May 1695 to [[Hussey (mtDNA) |Puella (Priscilla?) Hussey]] and they had ten children: George (1696/7), Abigail (1699), Lydia (1701), Hannah (1703), Theodate (1705), Daniel (1708), Desire (1710), Ruth (1713), Deborah z(c1715) and Jonathan (d.y.).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293731/facts James Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1676/7 and died there in 1718.<ref>Will 10 Sep 1718, proved 5 Nov 1718.</ref> He married Barnstable 29 Sep 1709 Mary Joyce and they had five children (West Barnstable): Thankful (1711 m [[Hawes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Hawes]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293968/facts Isaac] (bp 1715 m Mary Hallett & Mary Cobb), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293989/facts Hezekiah] (bp 1715 m Anna ALLEN Davis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320294013/facts James] (bp 1717 no children) and Mary (bp 1719).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042431/facts John Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Aug 1680 and died (West) Yarmouth in 1729.<ref>Will 20 Jul 1729 probated 5 Nov 1729.</ref> He married Barnstable 14 Feb 1705/6 Ann Brown and they had six children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066270825/facts Matthias] (1706 m Mary Davis), Mercy (1708), Desire (1710), Rose (1711/2), Elizabeth (1714) and Anne (1716/7).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042433/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Barnstable 16 Dec 1684 and died there bef Dec 1771.<ref>Will proved 3 Dec.</ref> He married Nantucket Island 7 May 1707 Rachel Trott and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295502/facts Benjamin] (1708 m [[Hinckley (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah BAXTER Cobb]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295504/facts Reuben] (1709 d.y.), Priscilla (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295508/facts Samuel] (1713 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295510/facts Peter] (1713 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295512/facts Paul] (1717/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295515/facts Abraham] (1720 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295516/facts James] (1723 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295517/facts Gershom] (1725 m Winifred North, but no ch.) and Abigail (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192111/facts Joseph Gorham] was born Barnstable 25 Mar 1689 and is said to have died there, likely unmarried, in 1762.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042436/facts Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1690/1 and died Fairfield, CT bef 5 Mar 1739/40. He married abt. 1718 _____<ref>Her given name was NOT Molly, as many sources state. This error came from mis-transcribing a 1773 Fairfield church record as 1733.</ref> and they had four children (last three bp. Fairfield): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339364/facts James] (c1719 m Miriam Hull), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339362/facts David] (bp 1722/3 m Abigail Jackson), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339365/facts Jabez] (bp 1725 m Mary Burbank) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339363/facts John] (bp 1728 m Mary ___ but no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042437/facts Sylvanus Gorham] was born Barnstable 13 Oct 1693 and died Stratford, CT bef 24 Sep 1747, likely unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042438/facts Ebenezer Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Feb 1695/6 and died there 16 Nov 1776. He married Yarmouth 9 Nov 1727 Temperance Hawes and they had nine children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340080/facts Ebenezer] (1729 m Mary Thacher & Hope DOTY Carver), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340081/facts Prince] (1730/1 m Abigail Gorham & Desire Clapp), Hannah (1733), Mary (1735), Sarah (1737 d.y.), Thankful (bp 1739), Sarah (bp 1741), Temperance (bp 1744) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340087/facts Silvanus] (bp 1746 m Anna Gorham).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042968/facts Stephen Gorham] was born Barnstable 23 Jun 1683 and died either Barnstable or Nantucket Island in 1743. He married Nantucket 25 Dec 1703 Elizabeth Gardner and they had twelve children: Mary (1704), Susannah (1705), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877410/facts Nathaniel] (1709 m Mary Soley), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877416/facts Barnabas] (1715 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877421/facts Zaccheus] (1717 unm.), Elizabeth (1718), Eunice (1720), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877417/facts Stephen] (1722 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877418/facts Josiah] (1723 m Deborah Lovell), Lois (1727) and Lydia (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281527/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Sep 1686 and died during the military expedition to Louisbourg, Nova Scotia 20 Feb 1745/6. He married Barnstable 23 Dec 1708 Mary Thacher and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281775/facts John] (1709 m Elizabeth Allyn), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281776/facts David] (1712 m Abigail Sturgis & Elizabeth Stevens), Mary (1713/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281778/facts William] (1716 unm.), Lydia (1718), Hannah (1720-1721), Hannah (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281782/facts Shubael] (1723 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281783/facts Joseph] (1725 m Ann Spry & Elizabeth ___ Hunter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281784/facts Benjamin] (1726 m Nancy Hinckley).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042969/facts John Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 28 Sep 1688 and died there in 1769. He married Barnstable 2 Oct 1712 Prudence Crocker and they had fourteen children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461063/facts Joseph] (1713 m Abigail Lovell), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461073/facts Benjamin] (1715 m Mary Sturgis), Ann (1716/7), Deborah (1718), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461065/facts John] (1720 d.y.), Thankful (1721/2), Mary (1723/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40569670975/facts Nathaniel] (1726 m Anna Lewis), Experience (1728-1728), Mercy (1729 d.y.), Naomi (1731-1731), Abigail (1732), Prudence (1734) and Rachel (1736).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454421821/facts Job Gorham] was born Barnstable 30 Aug 1692 and died there bef 2 Nov 1762.<ref>Will proved.</ref> He married twice, first Barnstable 4 Dec 1716 Desire Dimmock, and second Fairfield, CT 25 Nov 2735 Bethiah STURGIS Freeman. By his first wife he had five children (Barnstable): Temperance (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423158/facts Thomas] (1723 m Hannah Gorham & Rebecca TAYLOR Jones), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423232/facts Edward] (1725 d.y.), Desire (1727/8) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423319/facts Job] (1730 d.y.). By his second wife he had one more child: Sarah (bp 1736 d.y.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778796/facts Joseph Gorham (II)] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1681 and died Stratford, CT 24 Apr 1742. He married twice, first Charlestown 9 Nov 1708 Sarah Kirk and second, Boston 20 Jun 1723 Temperance NORTON Adams. By his first wife he had five children: Mary (1709), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269879/facts George] (1711 m Hannah Welles), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269877/facts Joseph] (1712 m Anna/Hannah Curtis), Elizabeth (1716-1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269881/facts John] (1718 unm.). By his second wife he had three more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219952/facts Samuel] (1724 m Ann Green), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219957/facts Hezekiah] (1727/8 likely unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219958/facts Benjamin] (1733 likely unm.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778791/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth Oct 1682 and died prob. in Bristol (now in RI) bef 27 Apr 1712. He married Newport, RI [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Hedge]] but they had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778789/facts John Gorham] was born Yarmouth 28 Feb 1683/4. He married abt 1706 Ann Brown but there is no further record of this couple.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778787/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Yarmouth in Oct 1687 and died Yarmouth bef 14 Jan 1714/5 unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693278/facts Josiah Gorham] was born Yarmouth 2 Dec 1692 and died there 1 or 2 Apr 1775. He married three times, first poss. in RI bef Jul 1717 Sarah _____, second Yarmouth 15 Mar 1721/2 Priscilla Sears and third Yarmouth 25 Oct 1761 Mercy GRAY Hallett (no children). By his first wife he had one child (Newport): Rebecca (1717). By his second wife he had eight more children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40372023149/facts Samuel] (1722/3 m Abigail Hallett), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778807/facts Isaac] (1724/5 Sarah Smith but no ch.), Joseph (1728-1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778813/facts Josiah] (1730 m Hannah Hallett but no ch.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693502/facts Hezekiah] (1732 m Abigail Sturgis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778811/facts Stephen] (1735 m Sarah Freeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778808/facts John] (1735-1755 unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778805/facts David] (1738 m Rebecca Hamblin).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209009/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1682 and died Bristol, RI 24 Nov 1735. He married Newport, RI 22 Jun 1708 Elizabeth Hedge but it is believed they never had any children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055955/facts Jabez Gorham (II)] was born Bristol (now in RI) 31 Jan 1683/4 and died there 21 Nov 1745. He married twice, first Bristol bef 1707 Leah Littlefield and second Bristol 31 Jul 1744 Mary Maxfield (no children). By his first wife Jabez had eight children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234043/facts Samuel] (1707-1730 likely unm.), Elizabeth (1710-1726), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234034/facts Shubael] (1713-1734 unm.), Hannah (1717), Mary (1721), Rebecca (1723), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234036/facts Nathan] (1725 m Susannah Kelly) and Deborah (1732).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209012/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Bristol 12 Apr 1686 and died there in 1734. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055956/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Bristol 1 Feb 1688/9 and died New Haven, CT bef Mar 1739/40.<ref>Inventory of his estate presented to court.</ref> He married twice, first abt 1712 Mary ___ and second 6 Aug 1717 New Haven Hannah Miles. By his first wife he had two children (Bristol): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210095/facts Isaac] (1712/3 m Jemima Potter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210099/facts Hezekiah] (1714/5-1715). By his second wife Isaac had nine more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210092/facts John] (1720 m Lydia Dorman), Mary (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210089/facts Timothy] (1723 m Mary Mable Punchard & Sarah Rowe Brown), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210090/facts Hezekiah] (1725 m Abigail Dickerman), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), Samuel (bp 1730-1755 no ch.), Hannah (1733), Sarah (1735) and Richard (1737-b1740).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055949/facts John Gorham] was born Bristol 8 Nov 1690 and died there Jan 1717. He is believed to have married Sarah ____ but prob. had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055953/facts (Lieut.) Joseph Gorham] was born Bristol 22 Aug 1692 and died Fairfield (now Westport), CT 19 Jan 1773. He married twice, first Fairfield, CT 11 May 1715 Abigail Lockwood and second Fairfield 13 Jan 1725/6 Deborah Barlow. By his first wife he had seven children: Hannah (1715/6 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193562/facts Daniel] (1717 m Jane Bates), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193558/facts Jabez] (1718/9 m Mary Couch), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193561/facts Lockwood] (1720 m Abigail Meeker), Joseph (1721/2 d.y.), Shubael (1723 d.y.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193560/facts Ichabod] (1724/5 m Sarah Barlow). By his second wife Joseph had eight more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193555/facts Shubael] (1726 m Rebecca Hollebert & Abigail Frost), Abigail (1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193546/facts Isaac] (1730 m Anne Wakeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193547/facts John] (1732 m Abigail Waterman), Hannah (1737), Mary (1739), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193548/facts Joseph] (1741 m Mary Gray) and Abigail (1744).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209011/facts Benjamin Gorham] was born Bristol 11 Dec 1695 and died Providence, RI between 18 Oct 1771 - 25 Jan 1772.<Providence deeds.</ref> He married Bristol 1717 Bethiah Cary and they had seven children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231368/facts Benjamin] (1718 d.y.), Bethiah (1721), Sarah (1723), Jemima (c1725), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231379/facts Jabez] (c1730 m Abigail Field) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231385/facts Samuel] (c1732 no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209010/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Bristol 30 Oct 1701 and died bef 16 Mar 1724/5. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099266/facts George Gorham] was born Barnstable 29 Jan 1696/7 and died Stamford, CT between 28 Mar - 5 May 1772. He married New Rochelle, NY 20 Jul 1726 Hannah Banks and they had thirteen children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192840/facts Shubael] (1727 m Mary Selleck), Hannah (1728/9), Puella (1730), Abigail (1731/2), Mary (1733), Phebe (1735), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192842/facts Daniel] (1737 unm?), Anne (1738), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192846/facts Jonathan] (1740 m Mary Walters ), Sarah (1742), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192844/facts George] (1744 m Sarah Stevens), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192847/facts Joseph] (1745/6 unm?) and Deborah (1748).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099273/facts Daniel Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Sep 1708 and died London, ENG in 1745. He never married.

===Southern Gorham Family===
Miles Gorham of Virginia is the earliest known patrilineal ancestor of a large branch of Southern Gorhams. Two of his patrilineal descendants have Big Y-700 tested and their test results document where they both fall under I-FTG4139, a subclade of the Barnstable Gorham family clade of I-FTD60129. This indicates Miles Gorham must somehow be closely related to the Gorham family of Barnstable. Given the fact Miles was apparently born ca 1625, it appears he does not descend from Capt. John Gorum but shares a patrilineal ancestor with Capt. John.

'''References'''
<references />

===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Y-STR testing of two Gorham descendants give a predicted haplogroup of I-M253. NGS/WGS testing still needs to be done to determine where the family falls under I-M253.

==DNA Results '''I-FTD60129'''==
===Previous DNA testing===
Currently, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Gorham?iframe=ydna-results-overview Gorham surname DNA Project] has four Y-DNA results individuals claiming either (Capt.) John Gorum or Miles Gorham as their patrilineal ancestor.<ref>One of the individuals has a Non-Paternal Event, as he falls under a different haplogroup R1b.</ref> From Y-STR results, the family is predicted to fall under Haplgroup I-M253 <ref>One has also taken the Big Y-700 and falls under BY82922.</ref> There are currently two other Gorham's who have taken some Y-DNA testing at FTDNA and they both fall under I-M253 and are matching with one of the Gorhams in the Gorham surname Project.

===NGS/WGS testing===
As of August 2024, we have three individuals who have Big Y-700 tested.<ref>One of the individuals falls under the R1b Haplogroup.</ref> Two of the individuals fall under I-DF29>Z58>Z138>S2293>Z2541>S19185>S23519>S20030>A13207>A13216>Y94629>BY82922>FTD60129. Since these two individuals fall under two different sons of John Gorum, we know John himself must fall under this haplogroup as well.

===Additional NGS/WGS testing needed===
Testing more patrilineal (all male line) descendants of John Gorum may well reveal distinctive haplogroups for Capt. John and Miles as well as defining branches of descendants.

<references />

==References & External Links==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
* King, Helen Hester, B.S. and Linetta Ainsworth Daniels, ''Some Descendants of Capt. John Gorham of Plymouth Colony in New York State and the Western Reserve, Walker Printing Service, Inc, Cleveland, OH 1955, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062879440&view=1up&seq=7
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/gorham/about Gorham surname DNA Project (a Family Tree DNA Project)]
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts Howland DNA tree which includes the Y-DNA line of John Gorham]
* [https://minerdescent.com/2010/05/30/john-gorham/ Capt. John Gorham bio on Miner Descent blog]
* [https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/John_Gorham_(1621-1675) Familypedia wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/Capt-John-Gorham/6000000000453643355 Geni.com wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 wikitree wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38570795/john-gorham find-a-grave wiki on John Gorham]
* [http://www.billputman.com/the-genealogy/canaday-related-families/Gorham1.pdf The Gorham Family (PDF)] USE WITH CAUTION
* [https://usgenwebsites.org/NJCapemay/resources/mayflower_pilgrims_004.html Col. John Gorham's "The Wast Book"]

Gorham (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T15:55:25Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Status summary */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of August 18, 2026: ===
* Identified the Y-DNA Haplogroup for the Gorham family of Barnstable. The family falls under the I-FTD60129 clade.
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) John Gorham descendants for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]
* Documented where Miles Gorham of Virginia (c1625-1683) is somehow related to the Gorham family of Barnstable.

<big>'''IMPORTANT: [[Read me First|Read me First'''</big>]]

===Still to do as of August 18, 2026===
* Develop subclades below I-FTD60129 by testing more John Gorham patrilineal descendants.

==Biography==
For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 John Gorum] (as he consistently spelled his name) was likely<ref>The "Wast Book" of Col. John Gorham (a great-grandson of Capt. John) stated his great-grandfather's father was also named John. In addition, Col. Gorham stated he found the arms of his Gorham family "from Huntingtunshear". See Mayflower Descendant 5:173-175</ref> the "John Gorram Sonne of Ralph Gorram" baptized at Benefield, Northamptonshire, England 28 Jan 1620/1.<ref>Image of baptismal record found at Ancestry.com [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/9198/30P-1-1570-1705_00050/9423423?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts/citation/960051741988/edit/record] Unfortunately the right hand side of the page (which includes the date) does not show up on this record.</ref> The family was found in Duxbury, Plymouth Colony in 1637, and likely were then fairly recent immigrants.<ref>He may have been the John Gorham who was recorded on board the ''Philip'' on 20 Jun 1635 (White, John Howland vol. I:9)</ref>. John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#mtDNA Descendants |Desire Howland]] (eldest daughter of Mayflower Passengers John Howland & Elizabeth Tilley) about 1643.<ref>Based on the fact their first child was born 2 Apr 1644</ref> The family moved to Marshfield shortly after the first child was born, but was in Yarmouth (on Cape Cod) by 1652. They were found in Barnstable in 1658<ref>This may be due to a change in the town lines, or a recognition of an error in calling the property in Yarmouth</ref> They were still living in Barnstable as late as Jun 1674. John was a Captain in King Phillip's War and almost certainly his death (possibly due to disease) was due to his service. He was buried at Swansey (now Swansea) in Bristol County on 5 Feb 1675/6.

John & Desire had eleven chilren: Desire (1644), Temperance (1646), James (1650), John (1651/2), Joseph (1653/4), Jabez (1656), Mercy (1658), Lydia (1661), Hannah (1663) and Shubael (1667).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-6 James Gorham] was born Marshfield 28 Apr 1650 and died Barnstable in late 1707.<ref>Either November or December.</ref> 0He married [[Huckins (mtDNA) |Hannah Huckins]] Feb 1673/4 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had eleven children (Barnstable): Desire (1674), James (1676/7), Experience (1678), John (1680), Mehitable (1683), Thomas (1684), Mercy (1686), Joseph (1689), Jabez (1690/1), Sylvanus (1693) and Ebenezer (1695/6).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-18 (Lieut. Col.) John Gorham] was born Marshfield 20 Feb 1651/2 and died Barnstable 11 Nov 1716. He married [[Otis (mtDNA) |Mary Otis]] Feb 1674/5 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had nine children ([West] Barnstable): John (1675/6-1679), Temperance (1678), Mercy (1680), Stephen (1683), Shubael (1686), John (1688), Thankful (1690), Job (1692) and Mercy (1695).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-29 (Ens.) Joseph Gorham] was born Yarmouth 16 Feb 1653/4 and died there 9 Jul 1726. He married (prob. in Yarmouth) before 1678 [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Sturgis]] and they had eight children (Yarmouth): Sarah (1678/9), Joseph (1681), Samuel (1682), John (1683/4 d.y.), Desire (1685), Isaac (1687-1714 no ch.), Hezekiah (1689-1714 no ch.) and Josiah (1692).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-30 Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 3 Aug 1656 and died in Bristol (now part of RI) in 1725.<ref>Will 16 Mar 1724/5, proved 20 Apr 1725.</ref> He married [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah STURGIS Gray]] before 1677. They moved to Bristol, MA (now in Rhode Island) about 1682.<ref>After the birth of their third child, Samuel.</ref> They had eleven children: Hannah (1677-1682), Elizabeth (c1680), Samuel (1682), Jabez (1683/4), Shubael (1686-1734 no ch.), Isaac (1688/9), John (1690-1717 no ch.), Joseph (1692), Hannah (1693/4), Benjamin (1695) and Thomas (1701).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-34 Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 21 Oct 1667 and died there in 1750. He married Nantucket Island in May 1695 to [[Hussey (mtDNA) |Puella (Priscilla?) Hussey]] and they had ten children: George (1696/7), Abigail (1699), Lydia (1701), Hannah (1703), Theodate (1705), Daniel (1708), Desire (1710), Ruth (1713), Deborah z(c1715) and Jonathan (d.y.).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293731/facts James Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1676/7 and died there in 1718.<ref>Will 10 Sep 1718, proved 5 Nov 1718.</ref> He married Barnstable 29 Sep 1709 Mary Joyce and they had five children (West Barnstable): Thankful (1711 m [[Hawes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Hawes]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293968/facts Isaac] (bp 1715 m Mary Hallett & Mary Cobb), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293989/facts Hezekiah] (bp 1715 m Anna ALLEN Davis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320294013/facts James] (bp 1717 no children) and Mary (bp 1719).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042431/facts John Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Aug 1680 and died (West) Yarmouth in 1729.<ref>Will 20 Jul 1729 probated 5 Nov 1729.</ref> He married Barnstable 14 Feb 1705/6 Ann Brown and they had six children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066270825/facts Matthias] (1706 m Mary Davis), Mercy (1708), Desire (1710), Rose (1711/2), Elizabeth (1714) and Anne (1716/7).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042433/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Barnstable 16 Dec 1684 and died there bef Dec 1771.<ref>Will proved 3 Dec.</ref> He married Nantucket Island 7 May 1707 Rachel Trott and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295502/facts Benjamin] (1708 m [[Hinckley (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah BAXTER Cobb]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295504/facts Reuben] (1709 d.y.), Priscilla (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295508/facts Samuel] (1713 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295510/facts Peter] (1713 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295512/facts Paul] (1717/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295515/facts Abraham] (1720 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295516/facts James] (1723 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295517/facts Gershom] (1725 m Winifred North, but no ch.) and Abigail (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192111/facts Joseph Gorham] was born Barnstable 25 Mar 1689 and is said to have died there, likely unmarried, in 1762.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042436/facts Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1690/1 and died Fairfield, CT bef 5 Mar 1739/40. He married abt. 1718 _____<ref>Her given name was NOT Molly, as many sources state. This error came from mis-transcribing a 1773 Fairfield church record as 1733.</ref> and they had four children (last three bp. Fairfield): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339364/facts James] (c1719 m Miriam Hull), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339362/facts David] (bp 1722/3 m Abigail Jackson), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339365/facts Jabez] (bp 1725 m Mary Burbank) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339363/facts John] (bp 1728 m Mary ___ but no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042437/facts Sylvanus Gorham] was born Barnstable 13 Oct 1693 and died Stratford, CT bef 24 Sep 1747, likely unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042438/facts Ebenezer Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Feb 1695/6 and died there 16 Nov 1776. He married Yarmouth 9 Nov 1727 Temperance Hawes and they had nine children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340080/facts Ebenezer] (1729 m Mary Thacher & Hope DOTY Carver), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340081/facts Prince] (1730/1 m Abigail Gorham & Desire Clapp), Hannah (1733), Mary (1735), Sarah (1737 d.y.), Thankful (bp 1739), Sarah (bp 1741), Temperance (bp 1744) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340087/facts Silvanus] (bp 1746 m Anna Gorham).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042968/facts Stephen Gorham] was born Barnstable 23 Jun 1683 and died either Barnstable or Nantucket Island in 1743. He married Nantucket 25 Dec 1703 Elizabeth Gardner and they had twelve children: Mary (1704), Susannah (1705), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877410/facts Nathaniel] (1709 m Mary Soley), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877416/facts Barnabas] (1715 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877421/facts Zaccheus] (1717 unm.), Elizabeth (1718), Eunice (1720), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877417/facts Stephen] (1722 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877418/facts Josiah] (1723 m Deborah Lovell), Lois (1727) and Lydia (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281527/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Sep 1686 and died during the military expedition to Louisbourg, Nova Scotia 20 Feb 1745/6. He married Barnstable 23 Dec 1708 Mary Thacher and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281775/facts John] (1709 m Elizabeth Allyn), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281776/facts David] (1712 m Abigail Sturgis & Elizabeth Stevens), Mary (1713/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281778/facts William] (1716 unm.), Lydia (1718), Hannah (1720-1721), Hannah (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281782/facts Shubael] (1723 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281783/facts Joseph] (1725 m Ann Spry & Elizabeth ___ Hunter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281784/facts Benjamin] (1726 m Nancy Hinckley).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042969/facts John Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 28 Sep 1688 and died there in 1769. He married Barnstable 2 Oct 1712 Prudence Crocker and they had fourteen children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461063/facts Joseph] (1713 m Abigail Lovell), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461073/facts Benjamin] (1715 m Mary Sturgis), Ann (1716/7), Deborah (1718), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461065/facts John] (1720 d.y.), Thankful (1721/2), Mary (1723/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40569670975/facts Nathaniel] (1726 m Anna Lewis), Experience (1728-1728), Mercy (1729 d.y.), Naomi (1731-1731), Abigail (1732), Prudence (1734) and Rachel (1736).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454421821/facts Job Gorham] was born Barnstable 30 Aug 1692 and died there bef 2 Nov 1762.<ref>Will proved.</ref> He married twice, first Barnstable 4 Dec 1716 Desire Dimmock, and second Fairfield, CT 25 Nov 2735 Bethiah STURGIS Freeman. By his first wife he had five children (Barnstable): Temperance (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423158/facts Thomas] (1723 m Hannah Gorham & Rebecca TAYLOR Jones), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423232/facts Edward] (1725 d.y.), Desire (1727/8) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423319/facts Job] (1730 d.y.). By his second wife he had one more child: Sarah (bp 1736 d.y.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778796/facts Joseph Gorham (II)] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1681 and died Stratford, CT 24 Apr 1742. He married twice, first Charlestown 9 Nov 1708 Sarah Kirk and second, Boston 20 Jun 1723 Temperance NORTON Adams. By his first wife he had five children: Mary (1709), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269879/facts George] (1711 m Hannah Welles), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269877/facts Joseph] (1712 m Anna/Hannah Curtis), Elizabeth (1716-1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269881/facts John] (1718 unm.). By his second wife he had three more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219952/facts Samuel] (1724 m Ann Green), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219957/facts Hezekiah] (1727/8 likely unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219958/facts Benjamin] (1733 likely unm.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778791/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth Oct 1682 and died prob. in Bristol (now in RI) bef 27 Apr 1712. He married Newport, RI [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Hedge]] but they had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778789/facts John Gorham] was born Yarmouth 28 Feb 1683/4. He married abt 1706 Ann Brown but there is no further record of this couple.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778787/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Yarmouth in Oct 1687 and died Yarmouth bef 14 Jan 1714/5 unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693278/facts Josiah Gorham] was born Yarmouth 2 Dec 1692 and died there 1 or 2 Apr 1775. He married three times, first poss. in RI bef Jul 1717 Sarah _____, second Yarmouth 15 Mar 1721/2 Priscilla Sears and third Yarmouth 25 Oct 1761 Mercy GRAY Hallett (no children). By his first wife he had one child (Newport): Rebecca (1717). By his second wife he had eight more children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40372023149/facts Samuel] (1722/3 m Abigail Hallett), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778807/facts Isaac] (1724/5 Sarah Smith but no ch.), Joseph (1728-1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778813/facts Josiah] (1730 m Hannah Hallett but no ch.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693502/facts Hezekiah] (1732 m Abigail Sturgis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778811/facts Stephen] (1735 m Sarah Freeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778808/facts John] (1735-1755 unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778805/facts David] (1738 m Rebecca Hamblin).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209009/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1682 and died Bristol, RI 24 Nov 1735. He married Newport, RI 22 Jun 1708 Elizabeth Hedge but it is believed they never had any children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055955/facts Jabez Gorham (II)] was born Bristol (now in RI) 31 Jan 1683/4 and died there 21 Nov 1745. He married twice, first Bristol bef 1707 Leah Littlefield and second Bristol 31 Jul 1744 Mary Maxfield (no children). By his first wife Jabez had eight children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234043/facts Samuel] (1707-1730 likely unm.), Elizabeth (1710-1726), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234034/facts Shubael] (1713-1734 unm.), Hannah (1717), Mary (1721), Rebecca (1723), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234036/facts Nathan] (1725 m Susannah Kelly) and Deborah (1732).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209012/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Bristol 12 Apr 1686 and died there in 1734. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055956/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Bristol 1 Feb 1688/9 and died New Haven, CT bef Mar 1739/40.<ref>Inventory of his estate presented to court.</ref> He married twice, first abt 1712 Mary ___ and second 6 Aug 1717 New Haven Hannah Miles. By his first wife he had two children (Bristol): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210095/facts Isaac] (1712/3 m Jemima Potter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210099/facts Hezekiah] (1714/5-1715). By his second wife Isaac had nine more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210092/facts John] (1720 m Lydia Dorman), Mary (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210089/facts Timothy] (1723 m Mary Mable Punchard & Sarah Rowe Brown), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210090/facts Hezekiah] (1725 m Abigail Dickerman), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), Samuel (bp 1730-1755 no ch.), Hannah (1733), Sarah (1735) and Richard (1737-b1740).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055949/facts John Gorham] was born Bristol 8 Nov 1690 and died there Jan 1717. He is believed to have married Sarah ____ but prob. had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055953/facts (Lieut.) Joseph Gorham] was born Bristol 22 Aug 1692 and died Fairfield (now Westport), CT 19 Jan 1773. He married twice, first Fairfield, CT 11 May 1715 Abigail Lockwood and second Fairfield 13 Jan 1725/6 Deborah Barlow. By his first wife he had seven children: Hannah (1715/6 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193562/facts Daniel] (1717 m Jane Bates), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193558/facts Jabez] (1718/9 m Mary Couch), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193561/facts Lockwood] (1720 m Abigail Meeker), Joseph (1721/2 d.y.), Shubael (1723 d.y.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193560/facts Ichabod] (1724/5 m Sarah Barlow). By his second wife Joseph had eight more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193555/facts Shubael] (1726 m Rebecca Hollebert & Abigail Frost), Abigail (1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193546/facts Isaac] (1730 m Anne Wakeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193547/facts John] (1732 m Abigail Waterman), Hannah (1737), Mary (1739), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193548/facts Joseph] (1741 m Mary Gray) and Abigail (1744).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209011/facts Benjamin Gorham] was born Bristol 11 Dec 1695 and died Providence, RI between 18 Oct 1771 - 25 Jan 1772.<Providence deeds.</ref> He married Bristol 1717 Bethiah Cary and they had seven children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231368/facts Benjamin] (1718 d.y.), Bethiah (1721), Sarah (1723), Jemima (c1725), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231379/facts Jabez] (c1730 m Abigail Field) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231385/facts Samuel] (c1732 no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209010/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Bristol 30 Oct 1701 and died bef 16 Mar 1724/5. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099266/facts George Gorham] was born Barnstable 29 Jan 1696/7 and died Stamford, CT between 28 Mar - 5 May 1772. He married New Rochelle, NY 20 Jul 1726 Hannah Banks and they had thirteen children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192840/facts Shubael] (1727 m Mary Selleck), Hannah (1728/9), Puella (1730), Abigail (1731/2), Mary (1733), Phebe (1735), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192842/facts Daniel] (1737 unm?), Anne (1738), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192846/facts Jonathan] (1740 m Mary Walters ), Sarah (1742), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192844/facts George] (1744 m Sarah Stevens), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192847/facts Joseph] (1745/6 unm?) and Deborah (1748).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099273/facts Daniel Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Sep 1708 and died London, ENG in 1745. He never married.

===Southern Gorham Family===
Miles Gorham of Virginia is the earliest known patrilineal ancestor of a large branch of Southern Gorhams. Two of his patrilineal descendants have Big Y-700 tested and their test results document where they both fall under I-FTG4139, a subclade of the Barnstable Gorham family clade of I-FTD60129. This indicates Miles Gorham must somehow be closely related to the Gorham family of Barnstable. Given the fact Miles was apparently born ca 1625, it appears he does not descend from Capt. John Gorum but shares a patrilineal ancestor with Capt. John.

'''References'''
<references />

===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Y-STR testing of two Gorham descendants give a predicted haplogroup of I-M253. NGS/WGS testing still needs to be done to determine where the family falls under I-M253.

==DNA Results '''I-FTD60129'''==
===Previous DNA testing===
Currently, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Gorham?iframe=ydna-results-overview Gorham surname DNA Project] has four Y-DNA results individuals claiming either (Capt.) John Gorum or Miles Gorham as their patrilineal ancestor.<ref>One of the individuals has a Non-Paternal Event, as he falls under a different haplogroup R1b.</ref> From Y-STR results, the family is predicted to fall under Haplgroup I-M253 <ref>One has also taken the Big Y-700 and falls under BY82922.</ref> There are currently two other Gorham's who have taken some Y-DNA testing at FTDNA and they both fall under I-M253 and are matching with one of the Gorhams in the Gorham surname Project.

===NGS/WGS testing===
As of August 2024, we have three individuals who have Big Y-700 tested.<ref>One of the individuals falls under the R1b Haplogroup.</ref> Two of the individuals fall under I-DF29>Z58>Z138>S2293>Z2541>S19185>S23519>S20030>A13207>A13216>Y94629>BY82922>FTD60129. Since these two individuals fall under two different sons of John Gorum, we know John himself must fall under this haplogroup as well.

===Additional NGS/WGS testing needed===
Testing more patrilineal (all male line) descendants of John Gorum may well reveal distinctive haplogroups for Capt. John and Miles as well as defining branches of descendants.

<references />

==References & External Links==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
* King, Helen Hester, B.S. and Linetta Ainsworth Daniels, ''Some Descendants of Capt. John Gorham of Plymouth Colony in New York State and the Western Reserve, Walker Printing Service, Inc, Cleveland, OH 1955, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062879440&view=1up&seq=7
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/gorham/about Gorham surname DNA Project (a Family Tree DNA Project)]
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts Howland DNA tree which includes the Y-DNA line of John Gorham]
* [https://minerdescent.com/2010/05/30/john-gorham/ Capt. John Gorham bio on Miner Descent blog]
* [https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/John_Gorham_(1621-1675) Familypedia wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/Capt-John-Gorham/6000000000453643355 Geni.com wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 wikitree wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38570795/john-gorham find-a-grave wiki on John Gorham]
* [http://www.billputman.com/the-genealogy/canaday-related-families/Gorham1.pdf The Gorham Family (PDF)] USE WITH CAUTION
* [https://usgenwebsites.org/NJCapemay/resources/mayflower_pilgrims_004.html Col. John Gorham's "The Wast Book"]

Gorham (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T15:51:17Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Southern Gorham Family */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of January 10, 2020: ===
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) John Gorham descendants for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT: [[Read me First|Read me First'''</big>]]

===Still to do as of January 10, 2020===
* NGS/WGS test for subclade under I-M253.

==Biography==
For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 John Gorum] (as he consistently spelled his name) was likely<ref>The "Wast Book" of Col. John Gorham (a great-grandson of Capt. John) stated his great-grandfather's father was also named John. In addition, Col. Gorham stated he found the arms of his Gorham family "from Huntingtunshear". See Mayflower Descendant 5:173-175</ref> the "John Gorram Sonne of Ralph Gorram" baptized at Benefield, Northamptonshire, England 28 Jan 1620/1.<ref>Image of baptismal record found at Ancestry.com [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/9198/30P-1-1570-1705_00050/9423423?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts/citation/960051741988/edit/record] Unfortunately the right hand side of the page (which includes the date) does not show up on this record.</ref> The family was found in Duxbury, Plymouth Colony in 1637, and likely were then fairly recent immigrants.<ref>He may have been the John Gorham who was recorded on board the ''Philip'' on 20 Jun 1635 (White, John Howland vol. I:9)</ref>. John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#mtDNA Descendants |Desire Howland]] (eldest daughter of Mayflower Passengers John Howland & Elizabeth Tilley) about 1643.<ref>Based on the fact their first child was born 2 Apr 1644</ref> The family moved to Marshfield shortly after the first child was born, but was in Yarmouth (on Cape Cod) by 1652. They were found in Barnstable in 1658<ref>This may be due to a change in the town lines, or a recognition of an error in calling the property in Yarmouth</ref> They were still living in Barnstable as late as Jun 1674. John was a Captain in King Phillip's War and almost certainly his death (possibly due to disease) was due to his service. He was buried at Swansey (now Swansea) in Bristol County on 5 Feb 1675/6.

John & Desire had eleven chilren: Desire (1644), Temperance (1646), James (1650), John (1651/2), Joseph (1653/4), Jabez (1656), Mercy (1658), Lydia (1661), Hannah (1663) and Shubael (1667).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-6 James Gorham] was born Marshfield 28 Apr 1650 and died Barnstable in late 1707.<ref>Either November or December.</ref> 0He married [[Huckins (mtDNA) |Hannah Huckins]] Feb 1673/4 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had eleven children (Barnstable): Desire (1674), James (1676/7), Experience (1678), John (1680), Mehitable (1683), Thomas (1684), Mercy (1686), Joseph (1689), Jabez (1690/1), Sylvanus (1693) and Ebenezer (1695/6).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-18 (Lieut. Col.) John Gorham] was born Marshfield 20 Feb 1651/2 and died Barnstable 11 Nov 1716. He married [[Otis (mtDNA) |Mary Otis]] Feb 1674/5 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had nine children ([West] Barnstable): John (1675/6-1679), Temperance (1678), Mercy (1680), Stephen (1683), Shubael (1686), John (1688), Thankful (1690), Job (1692) and Mercy (1695).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-29 (Ens.) Joseph Gorham] was born Yarmouth 16 Feb 1653/4 and died there 9 Jul 1726. He married (prob. in Yarmouth) before 1678 [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Sturgis]] and they had eight children (Yarmouth): Sarah (1678/9), Joseph (1681), Samuel (1682), John (1683/4 d.y.), Desire (1685), Isaac (1687-1714 no ch.), Hezekiah (1689-1714 no ch.) and Josiah (1692).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-30 Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 3 Aug 1656 and died in Bristol (now part of RI) in 1725.<ref>Will 16 Mar 1724/5, proved 20 Apr 1725.</ref> He married [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah STURGIS Gray]] before 1677. They moved to Bristol, MA (now in Rhode Island) about 1682.<ref>After the birth of their third child, Samuel.</ref> They had eleven children: Hannah (1677-1682), Elizabeth (c1680), Samuel (1682), Jabez (1683/4), Shubael (1686-1734 no ch.), Isaac (1688/9), John (1690-1717 no ch.), Joseph (1692), Hannah (1693/4), Benjamin (1695) and Thomas (1701).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-34 Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 21 Oct 1667 and died there in 1750. He married Nantucket Island in May 1695 to [[Hussey (mtDNA) |Puella (Priscilla?) Hussey]] and they had ten children: George (1696/7), Abigail (1699), Lydia (1701), Hannah (1703), Theodate (1705), Daniel (1708), Desire (1710), Ruth (1713), Deborah z(c1715) and Jonathan (d.y.).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293731/facts James Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1676/7 and died there in 1718.<ref>Will 10 Sep 1718, proved 5 Nov 1718.</ref> He married Barnstable 29 Sep 1709 Mary Joyce and they had five children (West Barnstable): Thankful (1711 m [[Hawes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Hawes]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293968/facts Isaac] (bp 1715 m Mary Hallett & Mary Cobb), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293989/facts Hezekiah] (bp 1715 m Anna ALLEN Davis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320294013/facts James] (bp 1717 no children) and Mary (bp 1719).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042431/facts John Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Aug 1680 and died (West) Yarmouth in 1729.<ref>Will 20 Jul 1729 probated 5 Nov 1729.</ref> He married Barnstable 14 Feb 1705/6 Ann Brown and they had six children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066270825/facts Matthias] (1706 m Mary Davis), Mercy (1708), Desire (1710), Rose (1711/2), Elizabeth (1714) and Anne (1716/7).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042433/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Barnstable 16 Dec 1684 and died there bef Dec 1771.<ref>Will proved 3 Dec.</ref> He married Nantucket Island 7 May 1707 Rachel Trott and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295502/facts Benjamin] (1708 m [[Hinckley (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah BAXTER Cobb]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295504/facts Reuben] (1709 d.y.), Priscilla (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295508/facts Samuel] (1713 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295510/facts Peter] (1713 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295512/facts Paul] (1717/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295515/facts Abraham] (1720 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295516/facts James] (1723 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295517/facts Gershom] (1725 m Winifred North, but no ch.) and Abigail (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192111/facts Joseph Gorham] was born Barnstable 25 Mar 1689 and is said to have died there, likely unmarried, in 1762.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042436/facts Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1690/1 and died Fairfield, CT bef 5 Mar 1739/40. He married abt. 1718 _____<ref>Her given name was NOT Molly, as many sources state. This error came from mis-transcribing a 1773 Fairfield church record as 1733.</ref> and they had four children (last three bp. Fairfield): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339364/facts James] (c1719 m Miriam Hull), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339362/facts David] (bp 1722/3 m Abigail Jackson), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339365/facts Jabez] (bp 1725 m Mary Burbank) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339363/facts John] (bp 1728 m Mary ___ but no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042437/facts Sylvanus Gorham] was born Barnstable 13 Oct 1693 and died Stratford, CT bef 24 Sep 1747, likely unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042438/facts Ebenezer Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Feb 1695/6 and died there 16 Nov 1776. He married Yarmouth 9 Nov 1727 Temperance Hawes and they had nine children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340080/facts Ebenezer] (1729 m Mary Thacher & Hope DOTY Carver), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340081/facts Prince] (1730/1 m Abigail Gorham & Desire Clapp), Hannah (1733), Mary (1735), Sarah (1737 d.y.), Thankful (bp 1739), Sarah (bp 1741), Temperance (bp 1744) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340087/facts Silvanus] (bp 1746 m Anna Gorham).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042968/facts Stephen Gorham] was born Barnstable 23 Jun 1683 and died either Barnstable or Nantucket Island in 1743. He married Nantucket 25 Dec 1703 Elizabeth Gardner and they had twelve children: Mary (1704), Susannah (1705), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877410/facts Nathaniel] (1709 m Mary Soley), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877416/facts Barnabas] (1715 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877421/facts Zaccheus] (1717 unm.), Elizabeth (1718), Eunice (1720), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877417/facts Stephen] (1722 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877418/facts Josiah] (1723 m Deborah Lovell), Lois (1727) and Lydia (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281527/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Sep 1686 and died during the military expedition to Louisbourg, Nova Scotia 20 Feb 1745/6. He married Barnstable 23 Dec 1708 Mary Thacher and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281775/facts John] (1709 m Elizabeth Allyn), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281776/facts David] (1712 m Abigail Sturgis & Elizabeth Stevens), Mary (1713/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281778/facts William] (1716 unm.), Lydia (1718), Hannah (1720-1721), Hannah (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281782/facts Shubael] (1723 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281783/facts Joseph] (1725 m Ann Spry & Elizabeth ___ Hunter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281784/facts Benjamin] (1726 m Nancy Hinckley).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042969/facts John Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 28 Sep 1688 and died there in 1769. He married Barnstable 2 Oct 1712 Prudence Crocker and they had fourteen children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461063/facts Joseph] (1713 m Abigail Lovell), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461073/facts Benjamin] (1715 m Mary Sturgis), Ann (1716/7), Deborah (1718), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461065/facts John] (1720 d.y.), Thankful (1721/2), Mary (1723/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40569670975/facts Nathaniel] (1726 m Anna Lewis), Experience (1728-1728), Mercy (1729 d.y.), Naomi (1731-1731), Abigail (1732), Prudence (1734) and Rachel (1736).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454421821/facts Job Gorham] was born Barnstable 30 Aug 1692 and died there bef 2 Nov 1762.<ref>Will proved.</ref> He married twice, first Barnstable 4 Dec 1716 Desire Dimmock, and second Fairfield, CT 25 Nov 2735 Bethiah STURGIS Freeman. By his first wife he had five children (Barnstable): Temperance (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423158/facts Thomas] (1723 m Hannah Gorham & Rebecca TAYLOR Jones), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423232/facts Edward] (1725 d.y.), Desire (1727/8) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423319/facts Job] (1730 d.y.). By his second wife he had one more child: Sarah (bp 1736 d.y.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778796/facts Joseph Gorham (II)] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1681 and died Stratford, CT 24 Apr 1742. He married twice, first Charlestown 9 Nov 1708 Sarah Kirk and second, Boston 20 Jun 1723 Temperance NORTON Adams. By his first wife he had five children: Mary (1709), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269879/facts George] (1711 m Hannah Welles), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269877/facts Joseph] (1712 m Anna/Hannah Curtis), Elizabeth (1716-1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269881/facts John] (1718 unm.). By his second wife he had three more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219952/facts Samuel] (1724 m Ann Green), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219957/facts Hezekiah] (1727/8 likely unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219958/facts Benjamin] (1733 likely unm.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778791/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth Oct 1682 and died prob. in Bristol (now in RI) bef 27 Apr 1712. He married Newport, RI [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Hedge]] but they had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778789/facts John Gorham] was born Yarmouth 28 Feb 1683/4. He married abt 1706 Ann Brown but there is no further record of this couple.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778787/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Yarmouth in Oct 1687 and died Yarmouth bef 14 Jan 1714/5 unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693278/facts Josiah Gorham] was born Yarmouth 2 Dec 1692 and died there 1 or 2 Apr 1775. He married three times, first poss. in RI bef Jul 1717 Sarah _____, second Yarmouth 15 Mar 1721/2 Priscilla Sears and third Yarmouth 25 Oct 1761 Mercy GRAY Hallett (no children). By his first wife he had one child (Newport): Rebecca (1717). By his second wife he had eight more children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40372023149/facts Samuel] (1722/3 m Abigail Hallett), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778807/facts Isaac] (1724/5 Sarah Smith but no ch.), Joseph (1728-1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778813/facts Josiah] (1730 m Hannah Hallett but no ch.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693502/facts Hezekiah] (1732 m Abigail Sturgis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778811/facts Stephen] (1735 m Sarah Freeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778808/facts John] (1735-1755 unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778805/facts David] (1738 m Rebecca Hamblin).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209009/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1682 and died Bristol, RI 24 Nov 1735. He married Newport, RI 22 Jun 1708 Elizabeth Hedge but it is believed they never had any children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055955/facts Jabez Gorham (II)] was born Bristol (now in RI) 31 Jan 1683/4 and died there 21 Nov 1745. He married twice, first Bristol bef 1707 Leah Littlefield and second Bristol 31 Jul 1744 Mary Maxfield (no children). By his first wife Jabez had eight children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234043/facts Samuel] (1707-1730 likely unm.), Elizabeth (1710-1726), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234034/facts Shubael] (1713-1734 unm.), Hannah (1717), Mary (1721), Rebecca (1723), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234036/facts Nathan] (1725 m Susannah Kelly) and Deborah (1732).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209012/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Bristol 12 Apr 1686 and died there in 1734. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055956/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Bristol 1 Feb 1688/9 and died New Haven, CT bef Mar 1739/40.<ref>Inventory of his estate presented to court.</ref> He married twice, first abt 1712 Mary ___ and second 6 Aug 1717 New Haven Hannah Miles. By his first wife he had two children (Bristol): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210095/facts Isaac] (1712/3 m Jemima Potter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210099/facts Hezekiah] (1714/5-1715). By his second wife Isaac had nine more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210092/facts John] (1720 m Lydia Dorman), Mary (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210089/facts Timothy] (1723 m Mary Mable Punchard & Sarah Rowe Brown), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210090/facts Hezekiah] (1725 m Abigail Dickerman), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), Samuel (bp 1730-1755 no ch.), Hannah (1733), Sarah (1735) and Richard (1737-b1740).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055949/facts John Gorham] was born Bristol 8 Nov 1690 and died there Jan 1717. He is believed to have married Sarah ____ but prob. had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055953/facts (Lieut.) Joseph Gorham] was born Bristol 22 Aug 1692 and died Fairfield (now Westport), CT 19 Jan 1773. He married twice, first Fairfield, CT 11 May 1715 Abigail Lockwood and second Fairfield 13 Jan 1725/6 Deborah Barlow. By his first wife he had seven children: Hannah (1715/6 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193562/facts Daniel] (1717 m Jane Bates), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193558/facts Jabez] (1718/9 m Mary Couch), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193561/facts Lockwood] (1720 m Abigail Meeker), Joseph (1721/2 d.y.), Shubael (1723 d.y.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193560/facts Ichabod] (1724/5 m Sarah Barlow). By his second wife Joseph had eight more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193555/facts Shubael] (1726 m Rebecca Hollebert & Abigail Frost), Abigail (1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193546/facts Isaac] (1730 m Anne Wakeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193547/facts John] (1732 m Abigail Waterman), Hannah (1737), Mary (1739), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193548/facts Joseph] (1741 m Mary Gray) and Abigail (1744).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209011/facts Benjamin Gorham] was born Bristol 11 Dec 1695 and died Providence, RI between 18 Oct 1771 - 25 Jan 1772.<Providence deeds.</ref> He married Bristol 1717 Bethiah Cary and they had seven children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231368/facts Benjamin] (1718 d.y.), Bethiah (1721), Sarah (1723), Jemima (c1725), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231379/facts Jabez] (c1730 m Abigail Field) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231385/facts Samuel] (c1732 no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209010/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Bristol 30 Oct 1701 and died bef 16 Mar 1724/5. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099266/facts George Gorham] was born Barnstable 29 Jan 1696/7 and died Stamford, CT between 28 Mar - 5 May 1772. He married New Rochelle, NY 20 Jul 1726 Hannah Banks and they had thirteen children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192840/facts Shubael] (1727 m Mary Selleck), Hannah (1728/9), Puella (1730), Abigail (1731/2), Mary (1733), Phebe (1735), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192842/facts Daniel] (1737 unm?), Anne (1738), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192846/facts Jonathan] (1740 m Mary Walters ), Sarah (1742), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192844/facts George] (1744 m Sarah Stevens), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192847/facts Joseph] (1745/6 unm?) and Deborah (1748).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099273/facts Daniel Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Sep 1708 and died London, ENG in 1745. He never married.

===Southern Gorham Family===
Miles Gorham of Virginia is the earliest known patrilineal ancestor of a large branch of Southern Gorhams. Two of his patrilineal descendants have Big Y-700 tested and their test results document where they both fall under I-FTG4139, a subclade of the Barnstable Gorham family clade of I-FTD60129. This indicates Miles Gorham must somehow be closely related to the Gorham family of Barnstable. Given the fact Miles was apparently born ca 1625, it appears he does not descend from Capt. John Gorum but shares a patrilineal ancestor with Capt. John.

'''References'''
<references />

===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Y-STR testing of two Gorham descendants give a predicted haplogroup of I-M253. NGS/WGS testing still needs to be done to determine where the family falls under I-M253.

==DNA Results '''I-FTD60129'''==
===Previous DNA testing===
Currently, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Gorham?iframe=ydna-results-overview Gorham surname DNA Project] has four Y-DNA results individuals claiming either (Capt.) John Gorum or Miles Gorham as their patrilineal ancestor.<ref>One of the individuals has a Non-Paternal Event, as he falls under a different haplogroup R1b.</ref> From Y-STR results, the family is predicted to fall under Haplgroup I-M253 <ref>One has also taken the Big Y-700 and falls under BY82922.</ref> There are currently two other Gorham's who have taken some Y-DNA testing at FTDNA and they both fall under I-M253 and are matching with one of the Gorhams in the Gorham surname Project.

===NGS/WGS testing===
As of August 2024, we have three individuals who have Big Y-700 tested.<ref>One of the individuals falls under the R1b Haplogroup.</ref> Two of the individuals fall under I-DF29>Z58>Z138>S2293>Z2541>S19185>S23519>S20030>A13207>A13216>Y94629>BY82922>FTD60129. Since these two individuals fall under two different sons of John Gorum, we know John himself must fall under this haplogroup as well.

===Additional NGS/WGS testing needed===
Testing more patrilineal (all male line) descendants of John Gorum may well reveal distinctive haplogroups for Capt. John and Miles as well as defining branches of descendants.

<references />

==References & External Links==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
* King, Helen Hester, B.S. and Linetta Ainsworth Daniels, ''Some Descendants of Capt. John Gorham of Plymouth Colony in New York State and the Western Reserve, Walker Printing Service, Inc, Cleveland, OH 1955, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062879440&view=1up&seq=7
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/gorham/about Gorham surname DNA Project (a Family Tree DNA Project)]
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts Howland DNA tree which includes the Y-DNA line of John Gorham]
* [https://minerdescent.com/2010/05/30/john-gorham/ Capt. John Gorham bio on Miner Descent blog]
* [https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/John_Gorham_(1621-1675) Familypedia wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/Capt-John-Gorham/6000000000453643355 Geni.com wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 wikitree wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38570795/john-gorham find-a-grave wiki on John Gorham]
* [http://www.billputman.com/the-genealogy/canaday-related-families/Gorham1.pdf The Gorham Family (PDF)] USE WITH CAUTION
* [https://usgenwebsites.org/NJCapemay/resources/mayflower_pilgrims_004.html Col. John Gorham's "The Wast Book"]

Gorham (Y-DNA)

2026-08-18T15:38:22Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Southern Gorham Family */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of January 10, 2020: ===
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) John Gorham descendants for NGS/WGS testing. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT: [[Read me First|Read me First'''</big>]]

===Still to do as of January 10, 2020===
* NGS/WGS test for subclade under I-M253.

==Biography==
For more information see: White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
===First Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 John Gorum] (as he consistently spelled his name) was likely<ref>The "Wast Book" of Col. John Gorham (a great-grandson of Capt. John) stated his great-grandfather's father was also named John. In addition, Col. Gorham stated he found the arms of his Gorham family "from Huntingtunshear". See Mayflower Descendant 5:173-175</ref> the "John Gorram Sonne of Ralph Gorram" baptized at Benefield, Northamptonshire, England 28 Jan 1620/1.<ref>Image of baptismal record found at Ancestry.com [https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/9198/30P-1-1570-1705_00050/9423423?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts/citation/960051741988/edit/record] Unfortunately the right hand side of the page (which includes the date) does not show up on this record.</ref> The family was found in Duxbury, Plymouth Colony in 1637, and likely were then fairly recent immigrants.<ref>He may have been the John Gorham who was recorded on board the ''Philip'' on 20 Jun 1635 (White, John Howland vol. I:9)</ref>. John married [[Joan Hurst & Elizabeth Tilley (mtDNA)#mtDNA Descendants |Desire Howland]] (eldest daughter of Mayflower Passengers John Howland & Elizabeth Tilley) about 1643.<ref>Based on the fact their first child was born 2 Apr 1644</ref> The family moved to Marshfield shortly after the first child was born, but was in Yarmouth (on Cape Cod) by 1652. They were found in Barnstable in 1658<ref>This may be due to a change in the town lines, or a recognition of an error in calling the property in Yarmouth</ref> They were still living in Barnstable as late as Jun 1674. John was a Captain in King Phillip's War and almost certainly his death (possibly due to disease) was due to his service. He was buried at Swansey (now Swansea) in Bristol County on 5 Feb 1675/6.

John & Desire had eleven chilren: Desire (1644), Temperance (1646), James (1650), John (1651/2), Joseph (1653/4), Jabez (1656), Mercy (1658), Lydia (1661), Hannah (1663) and Shubael (1667).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-6 James Gorham] was born Marshfield 28 Apr 1650 and died Barnstable in late 1707.<ref>Either November or December.</ref> 0He married [[Huckins (mtDNA) |Hannah Huckins]] Feb 1673/4 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had eleven children (Barnstable): Desire (1674), James (1676/7), Experience (1678), John (1680), Mehitable (1683), Thomas (1684), Mercy (1686), Joseph (1689), Jabez (1690/1), Sylvanus (1693) and Ebenezer (1695/6).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-18 (Lieut. Col.) John Gorham] was born Marshfield 20 Feb 1651/2 and died Barnstable 11 Nov 1716. He married [[Otis (mtDNA) |Mary Otis]] Feb 1674/5 in Barnstable, where they lived out their lives. They had nine children ([West] Barnstable): John (1675/6-1679), Temperance (1678), Mercy (1680), Stephen (1683), Shubael (1686), John (1688), Thankful (1690), Job (1692) and Mercy (1695).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-29 (Ens.) Joseph Gorham] was born Yarmouth 16 Feb 1653/4 and died there 9 Jul 1726. He married (prob. in Yarmouth) before 1678 [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Sturgis]] and they had eight children (Yarmouth): Sarah (1678/9), Joseph (1681), Samuel (1682), John (1683/4 d.y.), Desire (1685), Isaac (1687-1714 no ch.), Hezekiah (1689-1714 no ch.) and Josiah (1692).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-30 Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 3 Aug 1656 and died in Bristol (now part of RI) in 1725.<ref>Will 16 Mar 1724/5, proved 20 Apr 1725.</ref> He married [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Hannah STURGIS Gray]] before 1677. They moved to Bristol, MA (now in Rhode Island) about 1682.<ref>After the birth of their third child, Samuel.</ref> They had eleven children: Hannah (1677-1682), Elizabeth (c1680), Samuel (1682), Jabez (1683/4), Shubael (1686-1734 no ch.), Isaac (1688/9), John (1690-1717 no ch.), Joseph (1692), Hannah (1693/4), Benjamin (1695) and Thomas (1701).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-34 Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 21 Oct 1667 and died there in 1750. He married Nantucket Island in May 1695 to [[Hussey (mtDNA) |Puella (Priscilla?) Hussey]] and they had ten children: George (1696/7), Abigail (1699), Lydia (1701), Hannah (1703), Theodate (1705), Daniel (1708), Desire (1710), Ruth (1713), Deborah z(c1715) and Jonathan (d.y.).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293731/facts James Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1676/7 and died there in 1718.<ref>Will 10 Sep 1718, proved 5 Nov 1718.</ref> He married Barnstable 29 Sep 1709 Mary Joyce and they had five children (West Barnstable): Thankful (1711 m [[Hawes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Hawes]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293968/facts Isaac] (bp 1715 m Mary Hallett & Mary Cobb), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320293989/facts Hezekiah] (bp 1715 m Anna ALLEN Davis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320294013/facts James] (bp 1717 no children) and Mary (bp 1719).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042431/facts John Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Aug 1680 and died (West) Yarmouth in 1729.<ref>Will 20 Jul 1729 probated 5 Nov 1729.</ref> He married Barnstable 14 Feb 1705/6 Ann Brown and they had six children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066270825/facts Matthias] (1706 m Mary Davis), Mercy (1708), Desire (1710), Rose (1711/2), Elizabeth (1714) and Anne (1716/7).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042433/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Barnstable 16 Dec 1684 and died there bef Dec 1771.<ref>Will proved 3 Dec.</ref> He married Nantucket Island 7 May 1707 Rachel Trott and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295502/facts Benjamin] (1708 m [[Hinckley (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah BAXTER Cobb]]), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295504/facts Reuben] (1709 d.y.), Priscilla (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295508/facts Samuel] (1713 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295510/facts Peter] (1713 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295512/facts Paul] (1717/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295515/facts Abraham] (1720 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295516/facts James] (1723 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066295517/facts Gershom] (1725 m Winifred North, but no ch.) and Abigail (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192111/facts Joseph Gorham] was born Barnstable 25 Mar 1689 and is said to have died there, likely unmarried, in 1762.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042436/facts Jabez Gorham] was born Barnstable 6 Mar 1690/1 and died Fairfield, CT bef 5 Mar 1739/40. He married abt. 1718 _____<ref>Her given name was NOT Molly, as many sources state. This error came from mis-transcribing a 1773 Fairfield church record as 1733.</ref> and they had four children (last three bp. Fairfield): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339364/facts James] (c1719 m Miriam Hull), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339362/facts David] (bp 1722/3 m Abigail Jackson), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339365/facts Jabez] (bp 1725 m Mary Burbank) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066339363/facts John] (bp 1728 m Mary ___ but no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042437/facts Sylvanus Gorham] was born Barnstable 13 Oct 1693 and died Stratford, CT bef 24 Sep 1747, likely unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042438/facts Ebenezer Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Feb 1695/6 and died there 16 Nov 1776. He married Yarmouth 9 Nov 1727 Temperance Hawes and they had nine children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340080/facts Ebenezer] (1729 m Mary Thacher & Hope DOTY Carver), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340081/facts Prince] (1730/1 m Abigail Gorham & Desire Clapp), Hannah (1733), Mary (1735), Sarah (1737 d.y.), Thankful (bp 1739), Sarah (bp 1741), Temperance (bp 1744) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066340087/facts Silvanus] (bp 1746 m Anna Gorham).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042968/facts Stephen Gorham] was born Barnstable 23 Jun 1683 and died either Barnstable or Nantucket Island in 1743. He married Nantucket 25 Dec 1703 Elizabeth Gardner and they had twelve children: Mary (1704), Susannah (1705), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877410/facts Nathaniel] (1709 m Mary Soley), Sarah (1711), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877416/facts Barnabas] (1715 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877421/facts Zaccheus] (1717 unm.), Elizabeth (1718), Eunice (1720), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877417/facts Stephen] (1722 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066877418/facts Josiah] (1723 m Deborah Lovell), Lois (1727) and Lydia (1729).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281527/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Barnstable 2 Sep 1686 and died during the military expedition to Louisbourg, Nova Scotia 20 Feb 1745/6. He married Barnstable 23 Dec 1708 Mary Thacher and they had ten children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281775/facts John] (1709 m Elizabeth Allyn), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281776/facts David] (1712 m Abigail Sturgis & Elizabeth Stevens), Mary (1713/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281778/facts William] (1716 unm.), Lydia (1718), Hannah (1720-1721), Hannah (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281782/facts Shubael] (1723 unm.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281783/facts Joseph] (1725 m Ann Spry & Elizabeth ___ Hunter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40320281784/facts Benjamin] (1726 m Nancy Hinckley).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023042969/facts John Gorham (II)] was born Barnstable 28 Sep 1688 and died there in 1769. He married Barnstable 2 Oct 1712 Prudence Crocker and they had fourteen children (Barnstable): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461063/facts Joseph] (1713 m Abigail Lovell), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461073/facts Benjamin] (1715 m Mary Sturgis), Ann (1716/7), Deborah (1718), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330024461065/facts John] (1720 d.y.), Thankful (1721/2), Mary (1723/4), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40569670975/facts Nathaniel] (1726 m Anna Lewis), Experience (1728-1728), Mercy (1729 d.y.), Naomi (1731-1731), Abigail (1732), Prudence (1734) and Rachel (1736).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454421821/facts Job Gorham] was born Barnstable 30 Aug 1692 and died there bef 2 Nov 1762.<ref>Will proved.</ref> He married twice, first Barnstable 4 Dec 1716 Desire Dimmock, and second Fairfield, CT 25 Nov 2735 Bethiah STURGIS Freeman. By his first wife he had five children (Barnstable): Temperance (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423158/facts Thomas] (1723 m Hannah Gorham & Rebecca TAYLOR Jones), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423232/facts Edward] (1725 d.y.), Desire (1727/8) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40454423319/facts Job] (1730 d.y.). By his second wife he had one more child: Sarah (bp 1736 d.y.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778796/facts Joseph Gorham (II)] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1681 and died Stratford, CT 24 Apr 1742. He married twice, first Charlestown 9 Nov 1708 Sarah Kirk and second, Boston 20 Jun 1723 Temperance NORTON Adams. By his first wife he had five children: Mary (1709), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269879/facts George] (1711 m Hannah Welles), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269877/facts Joseph] (1712 m Anna/Hannah Curtis), Elizabeth (1716-1716) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066269881/facts John] (1718 unm.). By his second wife he had three more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219952/facts Samuel] (1724 m Ann Green), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219957/facts Hezekiah] (1727/8 likely unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/332356219958/facts Benjamin] (1733 likely unm.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778791/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth Oct 1682 and died prob. in Bristol (now in RI) bef 27 Apr 1712. He married Newport, RI [[Munnings (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth Hedge]] but they had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778789/facts John Gorham] was born Yarmouth 28 Feb 1683/4. He married abt 1706 Ann Brown but there is no further record of this couple.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778787/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Yarmouth in Oct 1687 and died Yarmouth bef 14 Jan 1714/5 unmarried.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693278/facts Josiah Gorham] was born Yarmouth 2 Dec 1692 and died there 1 or 2 Apr 1775. He married three times, first poss. in RI bef Jul 1717 Sarah _____, second Yarmouth 15 Mar 1721/2 Priscilla Sears and third Yarmouth 25 Oct 1761 Mercy GRAY Hallett (no children). By his first wife he had one child (Newport): Rebecca (1717). By his second wife he had eight more children (Yarmouth): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40372023149/facts Samuel] (1722/3 m Abigail Hallett), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778807/facts Isaac] (1724/5 Sarah Smith but no ch.), Joseph (1728-1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778813/facts Josiah] (1730 m Hannah Hallett but no ch.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316693502/facts Hezekiah] (1732 m Abigail Sturgis), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778811/facts Stephen] (1735 m Sarah Freeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778808/facts John] (1735-1755 unm.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40316778805/facts David] (1738 m Rebecca Hamblin).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209009/facts Samuel Gorham] was born Yarmouth 15 Apr 1682 and died Bristol, RI 24 Nov 1735. He married Newport, RI 22 Jun 1708 Elizabeth Hedge but it is believed they never had any children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055955/facts Jabez Gorham (II)] was born Bristol (now in RI) 31 Jan 1683/4 and died there 21 Nov 1745. He married twice, first Bristol bef 1707 Leah Littlefield and second Bristol 31 Jul 1744 Mary Maxfield (no children). By his first wife Jabez had eight children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234043/facts Samuel] (1707-1730 likely unm.), Elizabeth (1710-1726), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234034/facts Shubael] (1713-1734 unm.), Hannah (1717), Mary (1721), Rebecca (1723), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066234036/facts Nathan] (1725 m Susannah Kelly) and Deborah (1732).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209012/facts Shubael Gorham] was born Bristol 12 Apr 1686 and died there in 1734. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055956/facts Isaac Gorham] was born Bristol 1 Feb 1688/9 and died New Haven, CT bef Mar 1739/40.<ref>Inventory of his estate presented to court.</ref> He married twice, first abt 1712 Mary ___ and second 6 Aug 1717 New Haven Hannah Miles. By his first wife he had two children (Bristol): [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210095/facts Isaac] (1712/3 m Jemima Potter) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210099/facts Hezekiah] (1714/5-1715). By his second wife Isaac had nine more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210092/facts John] (1720 m Lydia Dorman), Mary (1721), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210089/facts Timothy] (1723 m Mary Mable Punchard & Sarah Rowe Brown), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066210090/facts Hezekiah] (1725 m Abigail Dickerman), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), Samuel (bp 1730-1755 no ch.), Hannah (1733), Sarah (1735) and Richard (1737-b1740).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055949/facts John Gorham] was born Bristol 8 Nov 1690 and died there Jan 1717. He is believed to have married Sarah ____ but prob. had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023055953/facts (Lieut.) Joseph Gorham] was born Bristol 22 Aug 1692 and died Fairfield (now Westport), CT 19 Jan 1773. He married twice, first Fairfield, CT 11 May 1715 Abigail Lockwood and second Fairfield 13 Jan 1725/6 Deborah Barlow. By his first wife he had seven children: Hannah (1715/6 d.y.), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193562/facts Daniel] (1717 m Jane Bates), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193558/facts Jabez] (1718/9 m Mary Couch), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193561/facts Lockwood] (1720 m Abigail Meeker), Joseph (1721/2 d.y.), Shubael (1723 d.y.) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193560/facts Ichabod] (1724/5 m Sarah Barlow). By his second wife Joseph had eight more children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193555/facts Shubael] (1726 m Rebecca Hollebert & Abigail Frost), Abigail (1728), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193546/facts Isaac] (1730 m Anne Wakeman), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193547/facts John] (1732 m Abigail Waterman), Hannah (1737), Mary (1739), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066193548/facts Joseph] (1741 m Mary Gray) and Abigail (1744).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209011/facts Benjamin Gorham] was born Bristol 11 Dec 1695 and died Providence, RI between 18 Oct 1771 - 25 Jan 1772.<Providence deeds.</ref> He married Bristol 1717 Bethiah Cary and they had seven children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231368/facts Benjamin] (1718 d.y.), Bethiah (1721), Sarah (1723), Jemima (c1725), Elizabeth (bp 1727/8), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231379/facts Jabez] (c1730 m Abigail Field) and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066231385/facts Samuel] (c1732 no ch.).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066209010/facts Thomas Gorham] was born Bristol 30 Oct 1701 and died bef 16 Mar 1724/5. It is believed he never married.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099266/facts George Gorham] was born Barnstable 29 Jan 1696/7 and died Stamford, CT between 28 Mar - 5 May 1772. He married New Rochelle, NY 20 Jul 1726 Hannah Banks and they had thirteen children: [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192840/facts Shubael] (1727 m Mary Selleck), Hannah (1728/9), Puella (1730), Abigail (1731/2), Mary (1733), Phebe (1735), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192842/facts Daniel] (1737 unm?), Anne (1738), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192846/facts Jonathan] (1740 m Mary Walters ), Sarah (1742), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192844/facts George] (1744 m Sarah Stevens), [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330066192847/facts Joseph] (1745/6 unm?) and Deborah (1748).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/330023099273/facts Daniel Gorham] was born Barnstable 14 Sep 1708 and died London, ENG in 1745. He never married.

===Southern Gorham Family===
Miles Gorham of Virginia is the earliest known patrilineal ancestor of a large branch of Southern Gorhams. Two of his patrilineal descendants have Y-DNA tested and their Y-STR and Big Y-700 test results indicate they are somehow related to the Gorham family of Barnstable. Given the fact Miles was apparently born ca 1625, it appears he does not descend from Capt. John Gorum but shares a patrilineal ancestor with Capt. John.

'''References'''
<references />

===Previous Y-DNA testing===
Y-STR testing of two Gorham descendants give a predicted haplogroup of I-M253. NGS/WGS testing still needs to be done to determine where the family falls under I-M253.

==DNA Results '''I-FTD60129'''==
===Previous DNA testing===
Currently, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Gorham?iframe=ydna-results-overview Gorham surname DNA Project] has four Y-DNA results individuals claiming either (Capt.) John Gorum or Miles Gorham as their patrilineal ancestor.<ref>One of the individuals has a Non-Paternal Event, as he falls under a different haplogroup R1b.</ref> From Y-STR results, the family is predicted to fall under Haplgroup I-M253 <ref>One has also taken the Big Y-700 and falls under BY82922.</ref> There are currently two other Gorham's who have taken some Y-DNA testing at FTDNA and they both fall under I-M253 and are matching with one of the Gorhams in the Gorham surname Project.

===NGS/WGS testing===
As of August 2024, we have three individuals who have Big Y-700 tested.<ref>One of the individuals falls under the R1b Haplogroup.</ref> Two of the individuals fall under I-DF29>Z58>Z138>S2293>Z2541>S19185>S23519>S20030>A13207>A13216>Y94629>BY82922>FTD60129. Since these two individuals fall under two different sons of John Gorum, we know John himself must fall under this haplogroup as well.

===Additional NGS/WGS testing needed===
Testing more patrilineal (all male line) descendants of John Gorum may well reveal distinctive haplogroups for Capt. John and Miles as well as defining branches of descendants.

<references />

==References & External Links==
* White, Elizabeth Pearson, ''John Howland of the Mayflower, Vol. I (daughter Desire)'', Picton Press, Rockport, Maine, 1990, 2008
* King, Helen Hester, B.S. and Linetta Ainsworth Daniels, ''Some Descendants of Capt. John Gorham of Plymouth Colony in New York State and the Western Reserve, Walker Printing Service, Inc, Cleveland, OH 1955, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062879440&view=1up&seq=7
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/gorham/about Gorham surname DNA Project (a Family Tree DNA Project)]
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/74451455/person/40308924759/facts Howland DNA tree which includes the Y-DNA line of John Gorham]
* [https://minerdescent.com/2010/05/30/john-gorham/ Capt. John Gorham bio on Miner Descent blog]
* [https://familypedia.wikia.org/wiki/John_Gorham_(1621-1675) Familypedia wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.geni.com/people/Capt-John-Gorham/6000000000453643355 Geni.com wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Gorham-17 wikitree wiki on John Gorham]
* [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/38570795/john-gorham find-a-grave wiki on John Gorham]
* [http://www.billputman.com/the-genealogy/canaday-related-families/Gorham1.pdf The Gorham Family (PDF)] USE WITH CAUTION
* [https://usgenwebsites.org/NJCapemay/resources/mayflower_pilgrims_004.html Col. John Gorham's "The Wast Book"]

Warren (Y-DNA)

2026-08-15T11:17:27Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* First Generation */

==Status summary==
As of December 30, 2015:
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/groups/warren/about Warren surname project] and [https://www.thewarrencousins.com/ The Warren Cousins] contacted
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) descendants of Richard Warren for WGS/NGS test. Any male who believes they are a patrilineal descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Background==
For more information see: Wakefield, Robert S., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: Volume 18 Warren''. Names in '''bold font''' have Y-DNA descendants who have taken a Y-DNA test.


===First Generation===
The proven origin and ancestry of [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-66 '''Richard Warren''']<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/richard_elizabeth_warren.htm Pilgrim Hall Museum] Richard and Elizabeth Warren biography.</ref> has not yet been discovered. The first known record for Richard is his marriage to [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)# |Elizabeth Walker]]<ref>baptized at Baldock, Hertfordshire, England in Sep 1583</ref> at Great Amwell, Hertfordshire, England on 14 Apr 1610.<ref>TAG 78:82, verified by the will of Elizabeth's father, Augustine Walker (dated 19 Apr 1613) which names the first three daughters of Richard & Elizabeth (Mary, Ann & Sarah)</ref> Richard was called "of London"<ref>''Mourt's Relations'':32</ref> He was called "Mr." and it has been said he was one of the "principal men who had borne a deep share in the difficulties and troubles of first settling the plantation."<ref> Of Plymouth Plantation, p. 100</ref>

Richard Warren came by himself aboard the Mayflower, leaving his wife and five daughters ([[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#WARREN |Mary]], [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#WARREN |Anna]], [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#WARREN |Sarah]], [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#WARREN |Elizabeth]] & [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#WARREN |Abigail]]) behind. They came over in the ''Anne'' in 1623. Besides the five daughters born in England, Richard & Elizabeth had two sons born at New Plimoth: Nathaniel & Joseph

===Second Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-71 '''Nathaniel Warren'''] was born at New Plimoth about 1624.<ref>His mother arrived in the Colony in July 1623. He and his younger brother were born before the 1627 Cattle Division. In addition, Nathaniel deposed on 15 Oct 1661 that he was "aged thirty seaven yeares or thereabouts."</ref> He married at Plymouth, 19 Nov 1645 to [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Sarah Walker]].<ref>Plymouth Colony Records 2:94</ref><ref>Some have proposed where Sarah was baptized at St. Olave Church, Bermondsey, Surrey, England on 10 Nov 1622. However, there were at least three people of the same name who were born in England at about the same time and lived in Massachusetts. See ''The Great Migration Begins'' I:448-49</ref> Nathaniel made a will, dated Plymouth 29 Jun 1667 and a codicil dated 16 Jul 1667. The inventory of his estate was taken 21 Oct 1667 and his will & inventory were "exhibited" in court on 30 Oct 1667. Nathaniel & Sarah had twelve children: Richard, [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah]], [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Hope]], [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Jane]], [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth]], [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Alice]], [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Mercy]], [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Mary]], [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/168927233/person/112194652048/facts Nathaniel] (left no surviving children)<ref>[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/10508925 find-a-grave profile for Nathaniel]</ref>, [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/168927233/person/112194652050/facts John] (no children and likely never married), James and Jabez<ref>Some sources state he was born about 1647, but MF5G 18 (Warren) part 1, p. 9 stated he was most likely youngest child and born about 1667.</ref> (likely never married).<ref>Some trees state he married Sarah Walker & Sarah Torrey and had several children. Further research is needed.</ref>

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-72 Joseph Warren] was born at New Plymoth about 1626/7.<ref> He was named in the 1627 Division of Cattle which was made in May 1627.</ref> He married [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Priscilla Faunce]]<ref>eldest child born Plymouth 23 Sep 1653</ref>. Joseph died at Plymouth on 4 May 1689.<ref>MD 16:62 Plymouth Town VRs</ref> Joseph & Priscilla had six children: [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Mercy]], [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Abigail]], Joseph, [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Patience]], [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth]] & Benjamin

===Third Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-938 '''Richard Warren'''] was born at Plymouth in 1646 and died either at Plymouth or Middleborough on 23 Jan 1696/7.<ref>Death recorded at both places.</ref> He married Sarah Torrey<ref>After Richard's death, she married Thomas Ewers.</ref> before 1679.<ref>child born</ref> They had six children: James (1679-1709 unm.), '''Samuel''' (1682/3), Hope (c1685), Anne (c1687), John (c1689 m Naomi Bates & Anne Reed) and [[Bumpas (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joanna]] (c1692).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-935 (Capt.) James Warren][https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P3816&tree=DOTY] was born at Plymouth 7 Nov 1665<ref>MD 17:184 Plymouth Town VRs</ref> and died there either 15 May 1715.<ref>Plymouth, MA Town VRs</ref> or 29 Jun 1715<ref>gravestone and newspaper death notice.</ref> He married [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah3 Doty]][https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P144&tree=DOTY]<ref>after James' death, she married at Plymouth 28 Sep 1726 to John Bacon</ref> at Plymouth, 21 Jun 1667.<ref>Plymouth Town VRs</ref> They had ten children: John (1688-1689), Edward (1690-1690/1), [[Little (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Sarah]] (1692), Alice (1695), Patience (1697/8), [https://www.edwarddoty.org/tng/getperson.php?personID=P33066&tree=DOTY James] (1700 m [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/167821783/person/372177164439/facts Penelope Winslow]), Hope (1702), Mercy (1704/5), Mary (1707) and Elizabeth (1710/1).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-160 Joseph Warren (II)] was born at Plymouth 8 Jan 1657<ref>MD 18:69 Plymouth Town VRs</ref> and died there 28 Dec 1696.<ref>Plymouth published VRs I:203</ref> He married Mehitable Wilder at Plymouth 20 Dec 1692. They had three children: Joseph (1693-1693), Joseph (1694/5 m Alathea Chittenden, but line eventually daughtered out) and Priscilla (1696). There are no surviving Y-DNA descendants for this Joseph Warren.

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-945 (Capt.) Benjamin Warren] was born at Plymouth 8 Jan 1670<ref>MD 18:69 Plymouth Town VRs</ref> and died there 30 May 1746.<ref>MD 16:86 Plymouth Town VRs</ref> He married twice, first Plymouth 22 Apr 1697 to Hannah Moulton, who died at Plymouth 3 Nov 1715 and second Plymouth 25 Oct 1716 to Esther/Hester BARNES Cushman. By his first marriage Benjamin had: Benjamin (1698 d.y.), Abigail (1700), Hannah (1704), Nathaniel (1706 m Sarah Morton, but no surviving sons), Benjamin (1709 m [[Martha, widow Ford (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca Doty]]), Priscilla (1712) Patience (1715). By his second wife he had: Joseph (1717 believed to have died young) and Mercy (1723).

===Fourth Generation===
[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-887 '''Samuel Warren'''] was born Plymouth 7 Mar 1682/3 and died Middleborough bef. 4 Feb 1750. He married Middleborough 26 Jan 1703/4 [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation|Eleanor Billington]] and they had Priscilla (1704), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-3762 Jabez] (1705/6-1717), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-886 '''Samuel'''] (1707 m Rebecca Dunham), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-3764 Cornelius] (1709 m Mercy Ward), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-3765 '''James'''] (1710 m Mary Terry), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-3766 Nathan] (1712 m Rachel ____), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-3767 Joseph] (1714/5-1732), Joanna (1717), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-1514 Benjamin] (1720 m Jedidah Tupper), Sarah (1721/2) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-3770 Josiah] (1724 m Joanna Spooner).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-5848 '''John Warren'''] was born Plymouth 29 Dec 1689 and died Middleborough 3 Mar 1768. He married twice, first Scituate 12 Jan 1713/4 Naomi Bates then Middleborough 27 Jul 1737 Anna Reed (no children). By his first wife he had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-10966 James] (1714 d.y.), Naomi (1717), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-10555 James] (1718 m [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Fuller-3612 Deborah Fuller] but no known children), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-10961 John] (1720 m Elizabeth Lewis), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-6150 Nathaniel] (1722 m [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Fuller-3609 Jemima Fuller]), Anna (1728) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-9377 '''Nehemiah'''] (1731 m [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Fuller-3606 Anna Fuller]).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-935 (Capt.) James Warren] was born Plymouth 7 Nov 1665 and died there 30 May 1715. He married Plymouth 21 Jun 1687 [[Dilly, wife of Alexander Carpenter (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Sarah Doty]] and they had [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-2938 John] (1688 d.y.), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-2939 Edward] (1690 d.y.), Sarah (1692), Alice (1695), Patience (1697), [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-759 James] (1700 m [https://wikitree.com/wiki/Winslow-110 Penelope Winslow]), Hope (1702), Mercy (1704), Mary (1707) and Elizabeth (1710).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-16850 Joseph Warren (III)] was born Plymouth 17 Jan 1694/5 and died there about 1755. He married Plymouth 22 Aug 1722 Alathea Chittenden and they had: [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-15956 Joseph] (1724 m. Mercy Atwood Terry, only son [Joseph] never married), Elizabeth (1726), Mary (1729) Priscilla (1733) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-16855 William] (1737 m Rebecca Easdell but no sons).

[https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-6553 Benjamin Warren (II)] was born Plymouth 10 Apr 1709 and died there before 26 Apr 1740. He married Plymouth 14 Dec 1738 [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Doty-1700 Rebecca Doty] and they had one child (Plymouth): [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Warren-8677 Benjamin] (1739/40 m Jane Sturtevant, Lois HARLOW Bartlett Doten, Patience HOLMES Dimon and Phebe PEARSON Doten).

<references/>

==DNA Results '''''E-FTC19215'''''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
The [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=ydna-results-overview Mayflower DNA Project] and the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/warren?iframe=ydna-results-overview Warren surname DNA Project] "Group *Warren - Group CC" identifies two male Warrens, both of whom have Big Y tested and fall under E-M35. Both of these individuals descend from Cornelius6 Warren (Samuel5, Samuel4, Richard3, Nathaniel2, Richard1). Recently a third individual has joined the Mayflower DNA project and has 111 Y-STR tested, and matching the previous two individuals. This individual descends from a different son of Richard3. 

===NGS/WGS testing===
Four individuals have done Big Y testing which confirm the descendants of Richard3 (Nathaniel2) Warren<ref>There appears to be no living patrilineal descendants from the younger son, Joseph2 Warren.</ref> fall under:
E-V13>CTS8814>CTS5856>BY4877>BY3880>FTT49>Z5018>S2979>Z16659>L241>Z21362>FGC76265>Z21365>Z21367>FTB75291>FTC19215


===Lineage of testers===
[[File:Warren Y-DNA tree.png|900px]]

Richard1 Warren (c1580-1628)
Nathaniel2 Warren (c1624-1667)
Richard3 Warren (1646-1696/7)
Samuel4 Warren (1682/3-p1750)
(Rev.) Samuel5 Warren (1707-p1770)
Cornelius6 Warren (1746-1786)
Isaac7 Warren (c1770-1849)
Ezra8 Warren (1808-1841)
Ezra G.9 Warren (1839-1869)
George Otis10 Warren (1869-1957)
''father of tester''
''tester'' 
Samuel7 Warren (1787-1833)
John W.8 Warren (1812-1895)
George Albert9 Warren (1856-1931)
Frederick Spencer10 Warren (1882-1968)
''father of tester'' 
''tester'' 
James5 Warren (1710/1-c1790)
Gamaliel6 Warren (bp1744-1807)
Samuel7 Warren (1781-1860)
Goodwin Durfee8 Warren (1806-1874)
Samuel Russell9 Warren (1830-1877)
George Francis "Chris"10 Warren (1877-1959)
Christopher Stanhope11 Warren (1899-1984)
''father of tester''
''tester'' 
John4 Warren (1689-1768)
Nehemiah5 Warren (1731-b1785)
Simeon6 Warren (1767-1850)
Hezekiah Betts7 Warren (1792-1846)
Joseph J.8 Warren (1830-1905)
Albert Emory9 Warren (1860-1936)
Ralph Emory10 Warren (1903-1987)
''father of tester''
''tester'' 


<references/>

==External links and References==
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: Volume 18 Part I (third edition) Richard Warren'' 2004, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: Volume 18 Part III Richard Warren, 5th Generation of Abigail, Nathaniel and Joseph '' 2001, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA
* Roser, Susan E., ''Mayflower Increasings From the Files of George Ernest Bowman at the Massachusetts Society of Mayflower Descendants'', Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, Second edition 1995, 1996. pp. 111-120
* Roser, Susan E. ''Mayflower Passenger References: from contemporary records and scholarly journals'' (second edition) 2015, Stewart Publishing & Printing, Canada

* [http://mayflowerhistory.com/warren/ MayflowerHistory.com blog on Richard Warren]
* [https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/6797309/richard-warren find-a-grave blog on Richard Warren]
* [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/mayflowersociety?iframe=yresults Mayflower DNA (Family Tree DNA) Project Y-STR results]
* [https://discover.familytreedna.com/y-dna/E-FTC19215/notable Discover.FamilyTreeDNA.com Notable Connections]
* [https://themayflowersociety.org/passenger-profile/passenger-profiles/the-white-family/ The White Family - The Mayflower Society]

© 2015-2024 ''mayflowerdna.org'' All Rights Reserved

Bartlett (Y-DNA)

2026-08-14T14:53:33Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Second Generation */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of August 14, 2026: ===
* Y-SNP tested to P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY166945
* Separate Subclades for Benjamin (BY166945) and Joseph (BY142576) identified
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) descendants of Robert Bartlett to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Biography==
For more information see: Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations''
===First Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-297 Robert Bartlett]<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall Muesum biography of Robert and Mary]</ref> was born about 1602.<ref>It is possible Robert was the son of Robert Bartlett and Alice Barker, baptized at Puddletown, Dorset, England 27 May 1603.</ref> His first known record is his emigration to New Plimoth Colony in 1623 aboard the ''Anne.'' Robert married about 1628<ref>Not married in the 1627 Cattle Division, but first child born ca. 1629.</ref> to [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Warren]], who also came to New Plimoth Colony aboard the ''Anne''. They continued to live in Plymouth, where Robert wrote his will 19 Sep 1676, which was probated 29 Oct 1676. His wife, Mary, survived him, and her last known record was in 1677. A 1683 record by her sons called her then deceased.

Robert and Mary had eight children (Plymouth): [[Morey (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Mary]] (c1631), Benjamin (1633), [[Harlow (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Rebecca]] (1634), [[Rider (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Sarah]] (1636), [[William Sprague (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]] (1636), Joseph (c1639), [[Nelson (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Lydia]] (1648) and Mercy (1650).

===Second Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-299 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth abt 1629<ref>He was admitted Freeman 6 Jun 1654, and must have then been at least aged 21.</ref> and died Duxbury between 21- 28 Aug 1691.<ref>Date of will and inventory MD 6:44-49</ref> He married three times, first [[Carey (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Susanna Jenney]] who died (without issue) bef 8 Apr 1654.<ref>Will of Susanna's mother</ref> He married second prob. bef 8 Aug 1655,<ref>codicil of prev. will</ref> [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Sarah Brewster]], daughter of [[Brewster (Y-DNA) |Love Brewster]] and granddaughter of (Elder) William Brewster. Sarah was living as late as 5 Mar 1667/8<ref>Named in Court case.</ref> but Benjamin married third, bef 21 Jan 1678/9<ref>Third wife signed over dower rights in deed</ref> to Cecilia _____ (she survived her husband).
Benjamin had six children; the first three are known to be by his second wife, but it is currently unknown which wife was the mother of the youngest three: Benjamin (1658), Samuel (c1662), [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca]] (b1664), Ebenezer (b1670), Sarah (c1671 m her cousin [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Robert Bartlett]]) and Ichabod (b1674).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-249 Joseph Bartlett] was born in Plymouth about 1639 and died at Plymouth (Manomet) 18 Feb 1711[/2] "in ye 73d Year of his Age."<ref>[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29590899/Joseph-Bartlett#view-photo=13378464 Gravestone]</ref> He married Plymouth about 1662 [[Pope (mtDNA)#First Generation |Hannah Pope]] who was born 17 Aug 1639.
Joseph and Hannah had five children: Robert (c1663), Joseph (1665), Elnathan (c1667, never married) Mary (c1669 m [[Barnes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Lt.) John Barnes]]), Hannah (1671), Sarah (c1676), Benjamin (1679) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-11016 Thomas] (1683-b1712 unm.)

===Third Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-21 Benjamin Bartlett (II)] was likely born Duxbury abt 1657 and died there between 10 Apr 1722 and 10 Apr 1724.<ref>Deed and oath of witnesses to his will.</ref> He married there Dec 167[8?]<ref>MD 8:232 VRs:217 partially illegible, last digit poss. a 6 or 8.</ref> [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruth Pabodie]] and they had nine children (born Duxbury): Robert (1679, not in father's will), Sarah (1681), Rebecca (c1683), Ruth, William] (1695 m. Sarah Foster), Mercy (c1694), [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Priscilla]] (1696/7), Deborah and Abigail (c1702). His line eventually daughtered out so there are no living Y-DNA descendants from Benjamin (II).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-22 Samuel Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1662<ref>Estimate, from date married</ref> and died there bef 9 Dec 1713.<ref>Adm. of estate</ref> He married 2 Aug 1683 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Hannah Pabodie]]<ref>After Samuel's death, Hannah married Plymouth 4 Mar 1715 John Churchill.</ref> They had eight children (born Duxbury): Benjamin] (1684 never married), Joseph] (1686 m. Lydia Nelson & Sarah Simmons), [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]] (c1690), Samuel] (c1692 m. [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Churchill]]), Ichabod] (1693 m. Susannah Spooner), Lydia (c1696), Elizabeth (1700) and Sarah (p1700).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-943 Ebenezer Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1666 and died there bef 1 Mar 1697/8<ref>Inventory, which mentions wife, Hannah.</ref>. He married [[Hannah, wife of Thomas Delano (mtDNA)#First Generation| Hannah ''prob.'' Bryant]]<ref>Called Hannah, daughter of John Bryant in [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Bartlett Genealogy Database]</ref><ref>After Ebenezer's death, she married Duxbury 24 Oct 1699 [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Delano (II)]].</ref> and they had two children (born Duxbury): [https://pilgrimhenrysamsonkindred.org/geneaology/children-of-henry-and-anne-plummer-samson/ Ebenezer] (1694 m. Mary Rider & [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#SAMSON |Jerusha Samson]]) and Nathaniel (never married).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-248 Ichabod Bartlett] was born bet Sep 1670 - May 1674<ref>Aged 14-21 when his father died (1691) as he chose his uncle to be his guardian.</ref> and is said to have died bef 1 Jan 1715/6. He married twice, first Marshfield 28 Dec 1699<ref>VRs p. 42</ref> [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth Waterman]] and second Duxbury 14 Nov 1708<ref>VRs p. 246</ref> [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Desire Arnold]]. By his first wife, Ichabod had (born Marshfield): Josiah (1701 m. [[Hallett (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mercy Chandler]]), Nathaniel (1703 m. Abiah Delano, no known children), Joseph (1706 m. Sarah Seabury) and Elizabeth (1708). By his second wife he had: Sarah (1710) and Seth (bp 1713 m. Charity Gullifer & Martha Bourne, but likely had no children by either marriage.)

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-899 Robert Bartlett] was born Plymouth about 1633 and died there 3 Jan 171[7/8].<ref>gravestone (Burial Hill) stated died in ye 55th year of his age</ref> He married twice, first Plymouth 28 Dec 1687 Sarah Bartlett (his cousin, daughter of [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation | Benjamin Bartlett]]) (d 1688, no children) and second [[Lettice (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Cooke]]. By his second wife, Robert had thirteen children: Hannah (1691/2), Thomas (1693/4 m. Abigail Phinney, no children), John (1696 m. Sarah Cobb, Sarah LEWIS Gray & Sarah Seabury), infant son (1698), Sarah (1699), James (1701-1722/3 unm), Joseph (1703/4 m. Sarah Morton), Elizabeth (1706/7), William (1709-1710), Ebenezer (1710 m. Rebecca Dimmon & Abigail Finney), Robert (1713 m. [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca Wood]], Jean Spooner, Hopsestill Seabury & Anne Godfrey), and Lemuel (1715 m. Mary Doty).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-159 Joseph Bartlett (II)] was born Plymouth 18 Apr 1665 and died there 9 Apr 1703.<ref>gravestone, Burial Hill, said to be the oldest surviving gravestone in this cemetery.</ref> He married Plymouth 6 Jun 1692 Lydia Griswold<ref>After Joseph's death, Lydia married Plymouth 25 Jan 1705 Joseph Holmes</ref> Joseph and Lydia had: Joseph (1693 m. Elizabeth Bartlett), Samuel (1696 m. Elizabeth Lothrop & [[Huckins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth LOTHROP Wetherell]]), Lydia (1697/8), Benjamin (1699 m. Lydia Morton & Abigail PRATT Morton) and Sarah (1702/3).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-881 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth 6 Dec 1679 and died there 11 Mar 1717.<ref>gravestone, White Horse Cemetery</ref> He married Sarah Barnes and they had eight children: Nathaniel (1703 m. Abigail Clark & Rebecca Ellis), Jonathan (1704/5 m. Thankful Barnes), Benjamin (1706/7 m. Hannah Stephens), Joseph (1709 m. Jane Swift), Hannah (1710/1), and Sarah (1713).

<references />

==DNA results '''R-FTH65483'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
As of 14 Aug 2026, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/BARTLETTDNA?iframe=ydna-results-overview Bartlett DNA Project] Subgroup: "RF - Descent from Robert Bartlett who came to Plymouth, Mass in 1623; branches to NC, VA, KY, TN and others; one exception to this descent is under close study" has 44<ref>One of the testers does not descend from Robert Bartlett, but is a close SNP match to the family.</ref> testers, all who are close STR matches with each other and 13 of the members state their Most Distant Known Patrilineal (all male line) Ancestor (MDKPA) was Robert Bartlett.<ref>In addition 10 individuals claim Joseph Bartlett born ca 1765 was their MDKPA and one individual claims Joshua Bartlett b. 1768 was their MDKPA.</ref> FTDNA predicts they fall under R1b-M269 based on their STR results.

===NGS/WGS testing===
Five individuals claiming descent from Robert Bartlett have taken a Big Y test which documents the haplogroup for Robert Bartlett himself was P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY109876>FTH65483. Two testers (both descended from Joseph2)<ref>The shared lineage of these individuals is as follows: Robert1, Joseph2, Joseph3, Joseph4. Thus this mutation likely occurred somewhere along this lineage.</ref> fall under a subclade of BY109876>BY142576 while two other individuals claim descent from Benjamin2 fall under a different subclade of BY109876>BY166945<ref> The fifth individual claims they descend from Bejamin (2), but he falls under the Joseph (2) subclade of BY142576.</ref> This does not automatically mean that Joseph himself had the BY142576 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Joseph. In a similar vein, it does not automatically mean Benjamin himself had the BY166945 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Benjamin.

This last fact is key to the several Southern Bartlett families. The FTDNA project also documents six individuals descended from Joseph Bartlett of Virginia (c1765-c1836) and other Southern Bartlett lines falling under BY166945. This proves where these Southern lines must descend from Benjamin2 Bartlett. As we have more patrilineal descendants of Benjamin Bartlett Big Y tested, we may be able to further refine the lineages of these Southern Bartlett families.

There are several individuals who have not been able to trace their "paper trail" back to Robert Bartlett, but whose Y-DNA results indicate where they do in fact descend in a Y-DNA line from Robert. These individuals are not currently listed on the below chart, but efforts will continue on attempting to place them.

===Lines of Y-DNA tested individuals===
The following diagram lists those Y-DNA descendants of Robert Barlett who have done Y-DNA testing. Those individuals in '''Bold text''' have taken a NGS/WGS test (like the Big Y or Y-Elite) and those individuals in ''Italic text'' are individual's whose DNA results show they are '''not''' a Y-DNA descendant of Robert Bartlett. The other individuals have taken either Y-STR and/or Y-SNP testing, but have not taken any NGS/WGS test.

'''Robert1''' (1603 ENG - 1676 PC)
'''Benjamin2''' (1633 PC - c1691)
'''Samuel3''' (1660 - bef 1713)
'''Samuel (II)4''' (1691 - 1750 MA)
'''Samuel (III)5''' (1726 - 1780)
'''John6''' (1760 NC - )
'''James Samuel Henderson7''' (1810 NC - c1849 NC)
Ichabod3 (1661 )
Josiah4 (1701 MA - 1782 CT)
_____5
Joseph4 (1706 MA - 1783 MA)
John5 (1748 MA - 1820 MA)
Joseph Shurtleff B.6 (1796 MA - 1875 KY)
John Porter B.7 (1829 TN - 1878 AR)
Joseph Anson B.8 (1857 AR - )
John Columbus Porter B.8 (1862 AR - )
Ebenezer3 (c1670 - 1698)
Ebenezer (II)4 (1694 - )
'''Joseph2''' (1639 PC - 1712 MA)
'''Joseph (II)3''' (1665 PC - 1703 )
'''Joseph (III)4''' (1693 - 1756 )
'''Sylvanus5''' (1719 - 1811 )
'''Sylvanus (II)6''' (1756 - 1829 )
'''Zaccheus5''' (1724/5 - 1800 MA)
'''Joseph6''' (1762 -1834 MA)
'''Joseph B.7''' (1784 MA -1854 NY)
'''George8''' (1822 NY - 1905 NY)
'''Franklin James B.9''' (1868 NY - 1952 NY)
'''Ellis Rawson B.10''' (1902 NY - 1970 NY)
Benjamin3 (1679 - 1716/7 )
Nathaniel4 (1703 - bef 1776 )

<references />

==References & External Links==
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations'' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2nd ed. 2000
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 18 Warren'' part 2 (Fifth Generation of descendants of daughters Mary, Anna & Elizabeth) General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2011
* Merrick, Barbara Lambert, ed. Scott Albert Bartley, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster'' part 1, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA, 2014
* [http://www.bartlettsociety.org/ Society of the Descendants of Robert Bartlett of Plymouth Massachusetts]
* [https://www.pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall biography for Robert & Mary]
* [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Robert Bartlett descendants genealogy database]

Bartlett (Y-DNA)

2026-08-14T14:35:20Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Biography */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of August 14, 2026: ===
* Y-SNP tested to P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY166945
* Separate Subclades for Benjamin (BY166945) and Joseph (BY142576) identified
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) descendants of Robert Bartlett to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Biography==
For more information see: Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations''
===First Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-297 Robert Bartlett]<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall Muesum biography of Robert and Mary]</ref> was born about 1602.<ref>It is possible Robert was the son of Robert Bartlett and Alice Barker, baptized at Puddletown, Dorset, England 27 May 1603.</ref> His first known record is his emigration to New Plimoth Colony in 1623 aboard the ''Anne.'' Robert married about 1628<ref>Not married in the 1627 Cattle Division, but first child born ca. 1629.</ref> to [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Warren]], who also came to New Plimoth Colony aboard the ''Anne''. They continued to live in Plymouth, where Robert wrote his will 19 Sep 1676, which was probated 29 Oct 1676. His wife, Mary, survived him, and her last known record was in 1677. A 1683 record by her sons called her then deceased.

Robert and Mary had eight children (Plymouth): [[Morey (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Mary]] (c1631), Benjamin (1633), [[Harlow (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Rebecca]] (1634), [[Rider (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Sarah]] (1636), [[William Sprague (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]] (1636), Joseph (c1639), [[Nelson (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Lydia]] (1648) and Mercy (1650).

===Second Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-299 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth before Jun 1633<ref>He was admitted Freeman 6 Jun 1654, and must have then been at least aged 21.</ref> and died Duxbury between 21- 28 Aug 1691.<ref>Date of will and inventory MD 6:44-49</ref> He married three times, first [[Carey (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Susanna Jenney]] who died (without issue) bef 8 Apr 1654.<ref>Will of Susanna's mother</ref> He married second prob. bef 8 Aug 1655,<ref>codicil of prev. will</ref> [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Sarah Brewster]], daughter of [[Brewster (Y-DNA) |Love Brewster]] and granddaughter of (Elder) William Brewster. Sarah was living as late as 5 Mar 1667/8<ref>Named in Court case.</ref> but Benjamin married third, bef 21 Jan 1678/9<ref>Third wife signed over dower rights in deed</ref> to Cecilia _____ (she survived her husband).
Benjamin had six children; the first three are known to be by his second wife, but it is currently unknown which wife was the mother of the youngest three: Benjamin (1658), Samuel (c1662), [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca]] (b1664), Ebenezer (b1670), Sarah (c1671 m her cousin [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Robert Bartlett]]) and Ichabod (b1674).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-249 Joseph Bartlett] was born in Plymouth about 1639 and died at Plymouth (Manomet) 18 Feb 1711[/2] "in ye 73d Year of his Age."<ref>[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29590899/Joseph-Bartlett#view-photo=13378464 Gravestone]</ref> He married Plymouth about 1662 [[Pope (mtDNA)#First Generation |Hannah Pope]] who was born 17 Aug 1639.
Joseph and Hannah had five children: Robert (c1663), Joseph (1665), Elnathan (c1667, never married) Mary (c1669 m [[Barnes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Lt.) John Barnes]]), Hannah (1671), Sarah (c1676), Benjamin (1679) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-11016 Thomas] (1683-b1712 unm.)

===Third Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-21 Benjamin Bartlett (II)] was likely born Duxbury abt 1657 and died there between 10 Apr 1722 and 10 Apr 1724.<ref>Deed and oath of witnesses to his will.</ref> He married there Dec 167[8?]<ref>MD 8:232 VRs:217 partially illegible, last digit poss. a 6 or 8.</ref> [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruth Pabodie]] and they had nine children (born Duxbury): Robert (1679, not in father's will), Sarah (1681), Rebecca (c1683), Ruth, William] (1695 m. Sarah Foster), Mercy (c1694), [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Priscilla]] (1696/7), Deborah and Abigail (c1702). His line eventually daughtered out so there are no living Y-DNA descendants from Benjamin (II).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-22 Samuel Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1662<ref>Estimate, from date married</ref> and died there bef 9 Dec 1713.<ref>Adm. of estate</ref> He married 2 Aug 1683 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Hannah Pabodie]]<ref>After Samuel's death, Hannah married Plymouth 4 Mar 1715 John Churchill.</ref> They had eight children (born Duxbury): Benjamin] (1684 never married), Joseph] (1686 m. Lydia Nelson & Sarah Simmons), [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]] (c1690), Samuel] (c1692 m. [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Churchill]]), Ichabod] (1693 m. Susannah Spooner), Lydia (c1696), Elizabeth (1700) and Sarah (p1700).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-943 Ebenezer Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1666 and died there bef 1 Mar 1697/8<ref>Inventory, which mentions wife, Hannah.</ref>. He married [[Hannah, wife of Thomas Delano (mtDNA)#First Generation| Hannah ''prob.'' Bryant]]<ref>Called Hannah, daughter of John Bryant in [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Bartlett Genealogy Database]</ref><ref>After Ebenezer's death, she married Duxbury 24 Oct 1699 [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Delano (II)]].</ref> and they had two children (born Duxbury): [https://pilgrimhenrysamsonkindred.org/geneaology/children-of-henry-and-anne-plummer-samson/ Ebenezer] (1694 m. Mary Rider & [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#SAMSON |Jerusha Samson]]) and Nathaniel (never married).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-248 Ichabod Bartlett] was born bet Sep 1670 - May 1674<ref>Aged 14-21 when his father died (1691) as he chose his uncle to be his guardian.</ref> and is said to have died bef 1 Jan 1715/6. He married twice, first Marshfield 28 Dec 1699<ref>VRs p. 42</ref> [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth Waterman]] and second Duxbury 14 Nov 1708<ref>VRs p. 246</ref> [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Desire Arnold]]. By his first wife, Ichabod had (born Marshfield): Josiah (1701 m. [[Hallett (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mercy Chandler]]), Nathaniel (1703 m. Abiah Delano, no known children), Joseph (1706 m. Sarah Seabury) and Elizabeth (1708). By his second wife he had: Sarah (1710) and Seth (bp 1713 m. Charity Gullifer & Martha Bourne, but likely had no children by either marriage.)

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-899 Robert Bartlett] was born Plymouth about 1633 and died there 3 Jan 171[7/8].<ref>gravestone (Burial Hill) stated died in ye 55th year of his age</ref> He married twice, first Plymouth 28 Dec 1687 Sarah Bartlett (his cousin, daughter of [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation | Benjamin Bartlett]]) (d 1688, no children) and second [[Lettice (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Cooke]]. By his second wife, Robert had thirteen children: Hannah (1691/2), Thomas (1693/4 m. Abigail Phinney, no children), John (1696 m. Sarah Cobb, Sarah LEWIS Gray & Sarah Seabury), infant son (1698), Sarah (1699), James (1701-1722/3 unm), Joseph (1703/4 m. Sarah Morton), Elizabeth (1706/7), William (1709-1710), Ebenezer (1710 m. Rebecca Dimmon & Abigail Finney), Robert (1713 m. [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca Wood]], Jean Spooner, Hopsestill Seabury & Anne Godfrey), and Lemuel (1715 m. Mary Doty).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-159 Joseph Bartlett (II)] was born Plymouth 18 Apr 1665 and died there 9 Apr 1703.<ref>gravestone, Burial Hill, said to be the oldest surviving gravestone in this cemetery.</ref> He married Plymouth 6 Jun 1692 Lydia Griswold<ref>After Joseph's death, Lydia married Plymouth 25 Jan 1705 Joseph Holmes</ref> Joseph and Lydia had: Joseph (1693 m. Elizabeth Bartlett), Samuel (1696 m. Elizabeth Lothrop & [[Huckins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth LOTHROP Wetherell]]), Lydia (1697/8), Benjamin (1699 m. Lydia Morton & Abigail PRATT Morton) and Sarah (1702/3).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-881 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth 6 Dec 1679 and died there 11 Mar 1717.<ref>gravestone, White Horse Cemetery</ref> He married Sarah Barnes and they had eight children: Nathaniel (1703 m. Abigail Clark & Rebecca Ellis), Jonathan (1704/5 m. Thankful Barnes), Benjamin (1706/7 m. Hannah Stephens), Joseph (1709 m. Jane Swift), Hannah (1710/1), and Sarah (1713).

<references />

==DNA results '''R-FTH65483'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
As of 14 Aug 2026, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/BARTLETTDNA?iframe=ydna-results-overview Bartlett DNA Project] Subgroup: "RF - Descent from Robert Bartlett who came to Plymouth, Mass in 1623; branches to NC, VA, KY, TN and others; one exception to this descent is under close study" has 44<ref>One of the testers does not descend from Robert Bartlett, but is a close SNP match to the family.</ref> testers, all who are close STR matches with each other and 13 of the members state their Most Distant Known Patrilineal (all male line) Ancestor (MDKPA) was Robert Bartlett.<ref>In addition 10 individuals claim Joseph Bartlett born ca 1765 was their MDKPA and one individual claims Joshua Bartlett b. 1768 was their MDKPA.</ref> FTDNA predicts they fall under R1b-M269 based on their STR results.

===NGS/WGS testing===
Five individuals claiming descent from Robert Bartlett have taken a Big Y test which documents the haplogroup for Robert Bartlett himself was P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY109876>FTH65483. Two testers (both descended from Joseph2)<ref>The shared lineage of these individuals is as follows: Robert1, Joseph2, Joseph3, Joseph4. Thus this mutation likely occurred somewhere along this lineage.</ref> fall under a subclade of BY109876>BY142576 while two other individuals claim descent from Benjamin2 fall under a different subclade of BY109876>BY166945<ref> The fifth individual claims they descend from Bejamin (2), but he falls under the Joseph (2) subclade of BY142576.</ref> This does not automatically mean that Joseph himself had the BY142576 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Joseph. In a similar vein, it does not automatically mean Benjamin himself had the BY166945 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Benjamin.

This last fact is key to the several Southern Bartlett families. The FTDNA project also documents six individuals descended from Joseph Bartlett of Virginia (c1765-c1836) and other Southern Bartlett lines falling under BY166945. This proves where these Southern lines must descend from Benjamin2 Bartlett. As we have more patrilineal descendants of Benjamin Bartlett Big Y tested, we may be able to further refine the lineages of these Southern Bartlett families.

There are several individuals who have not been able to trace their "paper trail" back to Robert Bartlett, but whose Y-DNA results indicate where they do in fact descend in a Y-DNA line from Robert. These individuals are not currently listed on the below chart, but efforts will continue on attempting to place them.

===Lines of Y-DNA tested individuals===
The following diagram lists those Y-DNA descendants of Robert Barlett who have done Y-DNA testing. Those individuals in '''Bold text''' have taken a NGS/WGS test (like the Big Y or Y-Elite) and those individuals in ''Italic text'' are individual's whose DNA results show they are '''not''' a Y-DNA descendant of Robert Bartlett. The other individuals have taken either Y-STR and/or Y-SNP testing, but have not taken any NGS/WGS test.

'''Robert1''' (1603 ENG - 1676 PC)
'''Benjamin2''' (1633 PC - c1691)
'''Samuel3''' (1660 - bef 1713)
'''Samuel (II)4''' (1691 - 1750 MA)
'''Samuel (III)5''' (1726 - 1780)
'''John6''' (1760 NC - )
'''James Samuel Henderson7''' (1810 NC - c1849 NC)
Ichabod3 (1661 )
Josiah4 (1701 MA - 1782 CT)
_____5
Joseph4 (1706 MA - 1783 MA)
John5 (1748 MA - 1820 MA)
Joseph Shurtleff B.6 (1796 MA - 1875 KY)
John Porter B.7 (1829 TN - 1878 AR)
Joseph Anson B.8 (1857 AR - )
John Columbus Porter B.8 (1862 AR - )
Ebenezer3 (c1670 - 1698)
Ebenezer (II)4 (1694 - )
'''Joseph2''' (1639 PC - 1712 MA)
'''Joseph (II)3''' (1665 PC - 1703 )
'''Joseph (III)4''' (1693 - 1756 )
'''Sylvanus5''' (1719 - 1811 )
'''Sylvanus (II)6''' (1756 - 1829 )
'''Zaccheus5''' (1724/5 - 1800 MA)
'''Joseph6''' (1762 -1834 MA)
'''Joseph B.7''' (1784 MA -1854 NY)
'''George8''' (1822 NY - 1905 NY)
'''Franklin James B.9''' (1868 NY - 1952 NY)
'''Ellis Rawson B.10''' (1902 NY - 1970 NY)
Benjamin3 (1679 - 1716/7 )
Nathaniel4 (1703 - bef 1776 )

<references />

==References & External Links==
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations'' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2nd ed. 2000
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 18 Warren'' part 2 (Fifth Generation of descendants of daughters Mary, Anna & Elizabeth) General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2011
* Merrick, Barbara Lambert, ed. Scott Albert Bartley, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster'' part 1, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA, 2014
* [http://www.bartlettsociety.org/ Society of the Descendants of Robert Bartlett of Plymouth Massachusetts]
* [https://www.pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall biography for Robert & Mary]
* [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Robert Bartlett descendants genealogy database]

Bartlett (Y-DNA)

2026-08-14T14:31:04Z

MayflowerDNA1620:

==Status summary==

===Completed as of August 14, 2026: ===
* Y-SNP tested to P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY166945
* Separate Subclades for Benjamin (BY166945) and Joseph (BY142576) identified
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) descendants of Robert Bartlett to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Biography==
For more information see: Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations''
===First Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-297 Robert Bartlett]<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall Muesum biography of Robert and Mary]</ref> was born about 1602.<ref>It is possible Robert was the son of Robert Bartlett and Alice Barker, baptized at Puddletown, Dorset, England 27 May 1603.</ref> His first known record is his emigration to New Plimoth Colony in 1623 aboard the ''Anne.'' Robert married about 1630 to [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Warren]], who also came to New Plimoth Colony aboard the ''Anne''. They continued to live in Plymouth, where Robert wrote his will 19 Sep 1676, which was probated 29 Oct 1676. His wife, Mary, survived him, and her last known record was in 1677. A 1683 record by her sons called her then deceased.

Robert and Mary had eight children (Plymouth): [[Morey (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Mary]] (c1631), Benjamin (1633), [[Harlow (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Rebecca]] (1634), [[Rider (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Sarah]] (1636), [[William Sprague (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]] (1636), Joseph (c1639), [[Nelson (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Lydia]] (1648) and Mercy (1650).

===Second Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-299 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth before Jun 1633<ref>He was admitted Freeman 6 Jun 1654, and must have then been at least aged 21.</ref> and died Duxbury between 21- 28 Aug 1691.<ref>Date of will and inventory MD 6:44-49</ref> He married three times, first [[Carey (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Susanna Jenney]] who died (without issue) bef 8 Apr 1654.<ref>Will of Susanna's mother</ref> He married second prob. bef 8 Aug 1655,<ref>codicil of prev. will</ref> [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Sarah Brewster]], daughter of [[Brewster (Y-DNA) |Love Brewster]] and granddaughter of (Elder) William Brewster. Sarah was living as late as 5 Mar 1667/8<ref>Named in Court case.</ref> but Benjamin married third, bef 21 Jan 1678/9<ref>Third wife signed over dower rights in deed</ref> to Cecilia _____ (she survived her husband).
Benjamin had six children; the first three are known to be by his second wife, but it is currently unknown which wife was the mother of the youngest three: Benjamin (1658), Samuel (c1662), [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca]] (b1664), Ebenezer (b1670), Sarah (c1671 m her cousin [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Robert Bartlett]]) and Ichabod (b1674).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-249 Joseph Bartlett] was born in Plymouth about 1639 and died at Plymouth (Manomet) 18 Feb 1711[/2] "in ye 73d Year of his Age."<ref>[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29590899/Joseph-Bartlett#view-photo=13378464 Gravestone]</ref> He married Plymouth about 1662 [[Pope (mtDNA)#First Generation |Hannah Pope]] who was born 17 Aug 1639.
Joseph and Hannah had five children: Robert (c1663), Joseph (1665), Elnathan (c1667, never married) Mary (c1669 m [[Barnes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Lt.) John Barnes]]), Hannah (1671), Sarah (c1676), Benjamin (1679) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-11016 Thomas] (1683-b1712 unm.)

===Third Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-21 Benjamin Bartlett (II)] was likely born Duxbury abt 1657 and died there between 10 Apr 1722 and 10 Apr 1724.<ref>Deed and oath of witnesses to his will.</ref> He married there Dec 167[8?]<ref>MD 8:232 VRs:217 partially illegible, last digit poss. a 6 or 8.</ref> [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruth Pabodie]] and they had nine children (born Duxbury): Robert (1679, not in father's will), Sarah (1681), Rebecca (c1683), Ruth, William] (1695 m. Sarah Foster), Mercy (c1694), [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Priscilla]] (1696/7), Deborah and Abigail (c1702). His line eventually daughtered out so there are no living Y-DNA descendants from Benjamin (II).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-22 Samuel Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1662<ref>Estimate, from date married</ref> and died there bef 9 Dec 1713.<ref>Adm. of estate</ref> He married 2 Aug 1683 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Hannah Pabodie]]<ref>After Samuel's death, Hannah married Plymouth 4 Mar 1715 John Churchill.</ref> They had eight children (born Duxbury): Benjamin] (1684 never married), Joseph] (1686 m. Lydia Nelson & Sarah Simmons), [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]] (c1690), Samuel] (c1692 m. [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Churchill]]), Ichabod] (1693 m. Susannah Spooner), Lydia (c1696), Elizabeth (1700) and Sarah (p1700).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-943 Ebenezer Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1666 and died there bef 1 Mar 1697/8<ref>Inventory, which mentions wife, Hannah.</ref>. He married [[Hannah, wife of Thomas Delano (mtDNA)#First Generation| Hannah ''prob.'' Bryant]]<ref>Called Hannah, daughter of John Bryant in [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Bartlett Genealogy Database]</ref><ref>After Ebenezer's death, she married Duxbury 24 Oct 1699 [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Delano (II)]].</ref> and they had two children (born Duxbury): [https://pilgrimhenrysamsonkindred.org/geneaology/children-of-henry-and-anne-plummer-samson/ Ebenezer] (1694 m. Mary Rider & [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#SAMSON |Jerusha Samson]]) and Nathaniel (never married).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-248 Ichabod Bartlett] was born bet Sep 1670 - May 1674<ref>Aged 14-21 when his father died (1691) as he chose his uncle to be his guardian.</ref> and is said to have died bef 1 Jan 1715/6. He married twice, first Marshfield 28 Dec 1699<ref>VRs p. 42</ref> [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth Waterman]] and second Duxbury 14 Nov 1708<ref>VRs p. 246</ref> [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Desire Arnold]]. By his first wife, Ichabod had (born Marshfield): Josiah (1701 m. [[Hallett (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mercy Chandler]]), Nathaniel (1703 m. Abiah Delano, no known children), Joseph (1706 m. Sarah Seabury) and Elizabeth (1708). By his second wife he had: Sarah (1710) and Seth (bp 1713 m. Charity Gullifer & Martha Bourne, but likely had no children by either marriage.)

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-899 Robert Bartlett] was born Plymouth about 1633 and died there 3 Jan 171[7/8].<ref>gravestone (Burial Hill) stated died in ye 55th year of his age</ref> He married twice, first Plymouth 28 Dec 1687 Sarah Bartlett (his cousin, daughter of [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation | Benjamin Bartlett]]) (d 1688, no children) and second [[Lettice (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Cooke]]. By his second wife, Robert had thirteen children: Hannah (1691/2), Thomas (1693/4 m. Abigail Phinney, no children), John (1696 m. Sarah Cobb, Sarah LEWIS Gray & Sarah Seabury), infant son (1698), Sarah (1699), James (1701-1722/3 unm), Joseph (1703/4 m. Sarah Morton), Elizabeth (1706/7), William (1709-1710), Ebenezer (1710 m. Rebecca Dimmon & Abigail Finney), Robert (1713 m. [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca Wood]], Jean Spooner, Hopsestill Seabury & Anne Godfrey), and Lemuel (1715 m. Mary Doty).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-159 Joseph Bartlett (II)] was born Plymouth 18 Apr 1665 and died there 9 Apr 1703.<ref>gravestone, Burial Hill, said to be the oldest surviving gravestone in this cemetery.</ref> He married Plymouth 6 Jun 1692 Lydia Griswold<ref>After Joseph's death, Lydia married Plymouth 25 Jan 1705 Joseph Holmes</ref> Joseph and Lydia had: Joseph (1693 m. Elizabeth Bartlett), Samuel (1696 m. Elizabeth Lothrop & [[Huckins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth LOTHROP Wetherell]]), Lydia (1697/8), Benjamin (1699 m. Lydia Morton & Abigail PRATT Morton) and Sarah (1702/3).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-881 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth 6 Dec 1679 and died there 11 Mar 1717.<ref>gravestone, White Horse Cemetery</ref> He married Sarah Barnes and they had eight children: Nathaniel (1703 m. Abigail Clark & Rebecca Ellis), Jonathan (1704/5 m. Thankful Barnes), Benjamin (1706/7 m. Hannah Stephens), Joseph (1709 m. Jane Swift), Hannah (1710/1), and Sarah (1713).

<references />

==DNA results '''R-FTH65483'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
As of 14 Aug 2026, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/BARTLETTDNA?iframe=ydna-results-overview Bartlett DNA Project] Subgroup: "RF - Descent from Robert Bartlett who came to Plymouth, Mass in 1623; branches to NC, VA, KY, TN and others; one exception to this descent is under close study" has 44<ref>One of the testers does not descend from Robert Bartlett, but is a close SNP match to the family.</ref> testers, all who are close STR matches with each other and 13 of the members state their Most Distant Known Patrilineal (all male line) Ancestor (MDKPA) was Robert Bartlett.<ref>In addition 10 individuals claim Joseph Bartlett born ca 1765 was their MDKPA and one individual claims Joshua Bartlett b. 1768 was their MDKPA.</ref> FTDNA predicts they fall under R1b-M269 based on their STR results.

===NGS/WGS testing===
Five individuals claiming descent from Robert Bartlett have taken a Big Y test which documents the haplogroup for Robert Bartlett himself was P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY109876>FTH65483. Two testers (both descended from Joseph2)<ref>The shared lineage of these individuals is as follows: Robert1, Joseph2, Joseph3, Joseph4. Thus this mutation likely occurred somewhere along this lineage.</ref> fall under a subclade of BY109876>BY142576 while two other individuals claim descent from Benjamin2 fall under a different subclade of BY109876>BY166945<ref> The fifth individual claims they descend from Bejamin (2), but he falls under the Joseph (2) subclade of BY142576.</ref> This does not automatically mean that Joseph himself had the BY142576 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Joseph. In a similar vein, it does not automatically mean Benjamin himself had the BY166945 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Benjamin.

This last fact is key to the several Southern Bartlett families. The FTDNA project also documents six individuals descended from Joseph Bartlett of Virginia (c1765-c1836) and other Southern Bartlett lines falling under BY166945. This proves where these Southern lines must descend from Benjamin2 Bartlett. As we have more patrilineal descendants of Benjamin Bartlett Big Y tested, we may be able to further refine the lineages of these Southern Bartlett families.

There are several individuals who have not been able to trace their "paper trail" back to Robert Bartlett, but whose Y-DNA results indicate where they do in fact descend in a Y-DNA line from Robert. These individuals are not currently listed on the below chart, but efforts will continue on attempting to place them.

===Lines of Y-DNA tested individuals===
The following diagram lists those Y-DNA descendants of Robert Barlett who have done Y-DNA testing. Those individuals in '''Bold text''' have taken a NGS/WGS test (like the Big Y or Y-Elite) and those individuals in ''Italic text'' are individual's whose DNA results show they are '''not''' a Y-DNA descendant of Robert Bartlett. The other individuals have taken either Y-STR and/or Y-SNP testing, but have not taken any NGS/WGS test.

'''Robert1''' (1603 ENG - 1676 PC)
'''Benjamin2''' (1633 PC - c1691)
'''Samuel3''' (1660 - bef 1713)
'''Samuel (II)4''' (1691 - 1750 MA)
'''Samuel (III)5''' (1726 - 1780)
'''John6''' (1760 NC - )
'''James Samuel Henderson7''' (1810 NC - c1849 NC)
Ichabod3 (1661 )
Josiah4 (1701 MA - 1782 CT)
_____5
Joseph4 (1706 MA - 1783 MA)
John5 (1748 MA - 1820 MA)
Joseph Shurtleff B.6 (1796 MA - 1875 KY)
John Porter B.7 (1829 TN - 1878 AR)
Joseph Anson B.8 (1857 AR - )
John Columbus Porter B.8 (1862 AR - )
Ebenezer3 (c1670 - 1698)
Ebenezer (II)4 (1694 - )
'''Joseph2''' (1639 PC - 1712 MA)
'''Joseph (II)3''' (1665 PC - 1703 )
'''Joseph (III)4''' (1693 - 1756 )
'''Sylvanus5''' (1719 - 1811 )
'''Sylvanus (II)6''' (1756 - 1829 )
'''Zaccheus5''' (1724/5 - 1800 MA)
'''Joseph6''' (1762 -1834 MA)
'''Joseph B.7''' (1784 MA -1854 NY)
'''George8''' (1822 NY - 1905 NY)
'''Franklin James B.9''' (1868 NY - 1952 NY)
'''Ellis Rawson B.10''' (1902 NY - 1970 NY)
Benjamin3 (1679 - 1716/7 )
Nathaniel4 (1703 - bef 1776 )

<references />

==References & External Links==
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations'' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2nd ed. 2000
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 18 Warren'' part 2 (Fifth Generation of descendants of daughters Mary, Anna & Elizabeth) General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2011
* Merrick, Barbara Lambert, ed. Scott Albert Bartley, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster'' part 1, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA, 2014
* [http://www.bartlettsociety.org/ Society of the Descendants of Robert Bartlett of Plymouth Massachusetts]
* [https://www.pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall biography for Robert & Mary]
* [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Robert Bartlett descendants genealogy database]

Bartlett (Y-DNA)

2026-08-14T12:54:41Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* NGS/WGS testing */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of November 22, 2024: ===
* Y-SNP tested to P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY166945
* Separate Subclades for Benjamin (BY166945) and Joseph (BY142576) identified
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) descendants of Robert Bartlett to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Biography==
For more information see: Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations''
===First Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-297 Robert Bartlett]<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall Muesum biography of Robert and Mary]</ref> was born about 1602.<ref>It is possible Robert was the son of Robert Bartlett and Alice Barker, baptized at Puddletown, Dorset, England 27 May 1603.</ref> His first known record is his emigration to New Plimoth Colony in 1623 aboard the ''Anne.'' Robert married about 1630 to [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Warren]], who also came to New Plimoth Colony aboard the ''Anne''. They continued to live in Plymouth, where Robert wrote his will 19 Sep 1676, which was probated 29 Oct 1676. His wife, Mary, survived him, and her last known record was in 1677. A 1683 record by her sons called her then deceased.

Robert and Mary had eight children (Plymouth): [[Morey (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Mary]] (c1631), Benjamin (1633), [[Harlow (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Rebecca]] (1634), [[Rider (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Sarah]] (1636), [[William Sprague (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]] (1636), Joseph (c1639), [[Nelson (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Lydia]] (1648) and Mercy (1650).

===Second Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-299 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth before Jun 1633<ref>He was admitted Freeman 6 Jun 1654, and must have then been at least aged 21.</ref> and died Duxbury between 21- 28 Aug 1691.<ref>Date of will and inventory MD 6:44-49</ref> He married three times, first [[Carey (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Susanna Jenney]] who died (without issue) bef 8 Apr 1654.<ref>Will of Susanna's mother</ref> He married second prob. bef 8 Aug 1655,<ref>codicil of prev. will</ref> [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Sarah Brewster]], daughter of [[Brewster (Y-DNA) |Love Brewster]] and granddaughter of (Elder) William Brewster. Sarah was living as late as 5 Mar 1667/8<ref>Named in Court case.</ref> but Benjamin married third, bef 21 Jan 1678/9<ref>Third wife signed over dower rights in deed</ref> to Cecilia _____ (she survived her husband).
Benjamin had six children; the first three are known to be by his second wife, but it is currently unknown which wife was the mother of the youngest three: Benjamin (1658), Samuel (c1662), [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca]] (b1664), Ebenezer (b1670), Sarah (c1671 m her cousin [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Robert Bartlett]]) and Ichabod (b1674).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-249 Joseph Bartlett] was born in Plymouth about 1639 and died at Plymouth (Manomet) 18 Feb 1711[/2] "in ye 73d Year of his Age."<ref>[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29590899/Joseph-Bartlett#view-photo=13378464 Gravestone]</ref> He married Plymouth about 1662 [[Pope (mtDNA)#First Generation |Hannah Pope]] who was born 17 Aug 1639.
Joseph and Hannah had five children: Robert (c1663), Joseph (1665), Elnathan (c1667, never married) Mary (c1669 m [[Barnes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Lt.) John Barnes]]), Hannah (1671), Sarah (c1676), Benjamin (1679) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-11016 Thomas] (1683-b1712 unm.)

===Third Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-21 Benjamin Bartlett (II)] was likely born Duxbury abt 1657 and died there between 10 Apr 1722 and 10 Apr 1724.<ref>Deed and oath of witnesses to his will.</ref> He married there Dec 167[8?]<ref>MD 8:232 VRs:217 partially illegible, last digit poss. a 6 or 8.</ref> [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruth Pabodie]] and they had nine children (born Duxbury): Robert (1679, not in father's will), Sarah (1681), Rebecca (c1683), Ruth, William] (1695 m. Sarah Foster), Mercy (c1694), [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Priscilla]] (1696/7), Deborah and Abigail (c1702). His line eventually daughtered out so there are no living Y-DNA descendants from Benjamin (II).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-22 Samuel Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1662<ref>Estimate, from date married</ref> and died there bef 9 Dec 1713.<ref>Adm. of estate</ref> He married 2 Aug 1683 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Hannah Pabodie]]<ref>After Samuel's death, Hannah married Plymouth 4 Mar 1715 John Churchill.</ref> They had eight children (born Duxbury): Benjamin] (1684 never married), Joseph] (1686 m. Lydia Nelson & Sarah Simmons), [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]] (c1690), Samuel] (c1692 m. [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Churchill]]), Ichabod] (1693 m. Susannah Spooner), Lydia (c1696), Elizabeth (1700) and Sarah (p1700).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-943 Ebenezer Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1666 and died there bef 1 Mar 1697/8<ref>Inventory, which mentions wife, Hannah.</ref>. He married [[Hannah, wife of Thomas Delano (mtDNA)#First Generation| Hannah ''prob.'' Bryant]]<ref>Called Hannah, daughter of John Bryant in [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Bartlett Genealogy Database]</ref><ref>After Ebenezer's death, she married Duxbury 24 Oct 1699 [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Delano (II)]].</ref> and they had two children (born Duxbury): [https://pilgrimhenrysamsonkindred.org/geneaology/children-of-henry-and-anne-plummer-samson/ Ebenezer] (1694 m. Mary Rider & [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#SAMSON |Jerusha Samson]]) and Nathaniel (never married).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-248 Ichabod Bartlett] was born bet Sep 1670 - May 1674<ref>Aged 14-21 when his father died (1691) as he chose his uncle to be his guardian.</ref> and is said to have died bef 1 Jan 1715/6. He married twice, first Marshfield 28 Dec 1699<ref>VRs p. 42</ref> [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth Waterman]] and second Duxbury 14 Nov 1708<ref>VRs p. 246</ref> [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Desire Arnold]]. By his first wife, Ichabod had (born Marshfield): Josiah (1701 m. [[Hallett (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mercy Chandler]]), Nathaniel (1703 m. Abiah Delano, no known children), Joseph (1706 m. Sarah Seabury) and Elizabeth (1708). By his second wife he had: Sarah (1710) and Seth (bp 1713 m. Charity Gullifer & Martha Bourne, but likely had no children by either marriage.)

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-899 Robert Bartlett] was born Plymouth about 1633 and died there 3 Jan 171[7/8].<ref>gravestone (Burial Hill) stated died in ye 55th year of his age</ref> He married twice, first Plymouth 28 Dec 1687 Sarah Bartlett (his cousin, daughter of [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation | Benjamin Bartlett]]) (d 1688, no children) and second [[Lettice (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Cooke]]. By his second wife, Robert had thirteen children: Hannah (1691/2), Thomas (1693/4 m. Abigail Phinney, no children), John (1696 m. Sarah Cobb, Sarah LEWIS Gray & Sarah Seabury), infant son (1698), Sarah (1699), James (1701-1722/3 unm), Joseph (1703/4 m. Sarah Morton), Elizabeth (1706/7), William (1709-1710), Ebenezer (1710 m. Rebecca Dimmon & Abigail Finney), Robert (1713 m. [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca Wood]], Jean Spooner, Hopsestill Seabury & Anne Godfrey), and Lemuel (1715 m. Mary Doty).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-159 Joseph Bartlett (II)] was born Plymouth 18 Apr 1665 and died there 9 Apr 1703.<ref>gravestone, Burial Hill, said to be the oldest surviving gravestone in this cemetery.</ref> He married Plymouth 6 Jun 1692 Lydia Griswold<ref>After Joseph's death, Lydia married Plymouth 25 Jan 1705 Joseph Holmes</ref> Joseph and Lydia had: Joseph (1693 m. Elizabeth Bartlett), Samuel (1696 m. Elizabeth Lothrop & [[Huckins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth LOTHROP Wetherell]]), Lydia (1697/8), Benjamin (1699 m. Lydia Morton & Abigail PRATT Morton) and Sarah (1702/3).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-881 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth 6 Dec 1679 and died there 11 Mar 1717.<ref>gravestone, White Horse Cemetery</ref> He married Sarah Barnes and they had eight children: Nathaniel (1703 m. Abigail Clark & Rebecca Ellis), Jonathan (1704/5 m. Thankful Barnes), Benjamin (1706/7 m. Hannah Stephens), Joseph (1709 m. Jane Swift), Hannah (1710/1), and Sarah (1713).

<references />

==DNA results '''R-FTH65483'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
As of 14 Aug 2026, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/BARTLETTDNA?iframe=ydna-results-overview Bartlett DNA Project] Subgroup: "RF - Descent from Robert Bartlett who came to Plymouth, Mass in 1623; branches to NC, VA, KY, TN and others; one exception to this descent is under close study" has 44<ref>One of the testers does not descend from Robert Bartlett, but is a close SNP match to the family.</ref> testers, all who are close STR matches with each other and 13 of the members state their Most Distant Known Patrilineal (all male line) Ancestor (MDKPA) was Robert Bartlett.<ref>In addition 10 individuals claim Joseph Bartlett born ca 1765 was their MDKPA and one individual claims Joshua Bartlett b. 1768 was their MDKPA.</ref> FTDNA predicts they fall under R1b-M269 based on their STR results.

===NGS/WGS testing===
Five individuals claiming descent from Robert Bartlett have taken a Big Y test which documents the haplogroup for Robert Bartlett himself was P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY109876>FTH65483. Two testers (both descended from Joseph2)<ref>The shared lineage of these individuals is as follows: Robert1, Joseph2, Joseph3, Joseph4. Thus this mutation likely occurred somewhere along this lineage.</ref> fall under a subclade of BY109876>BY142576 while two other individuals claim descent from Benjamin2 fall under a different subclade of BY109876>BY166945<ref> The fifth individual claims they descend from Bejamin (2), but he falls under the Joseph (2) subclade of BY142576.</ref> This does not automatically mean that Joseph himself had the BY142576 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Joseph. In a similar vein, it does not automatically mean Benjamin himself had the BY166945 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Benjamin.

This last fact is key to the several Southern Bartlett families. The FTDNA project also documents six individuals descended from Joseph Bartlett of Virginia (c1765-c1836) and other Southern Bartlett lines falling under BY166945. This proves where these Southern lines must descend from Benjamin2 Bartlett. As we have more patrilineal descendants of Benjamin Bartlett Big Y tested, we may be able to further refine the lineages of these Southern Bartlett families.

There are several individuals who have not been able to trace their "paper trail" back to Robert Bartlett, but whose Y-DNA results indicate where they do in fact descend in a Y-DNA line from Robert. These individuals are not currently listed on the below chart, but efforts will continue on attempting to place them.

===Lines of Y-DNA tested individuals===
The following diagram lists those Y-DNA descendants of Robert Barlett who have done Y-DNA testing. Those individuals in '''Bold text''' have taken a NGS/WGS test (like the Big Y or Y-Elite) and those individuals in ''Italic text'' are individual's whose DNA results show they are '''not''' a Y-DNA descendant of Robert Bartlett. The other individuals have taken either Y-STR and/or Y-SNP testing, but have not taken any NGS/WGS test.

'''Robert1''' (1603 ENG - 1676 PC)
'''Benjamin2''' (1633 PC - c1691)
'''Samuel3''' (1660 - bef 1713)
'''Samuel (II)4''' (1691 - 1750 MA)
'''Samuel (III)5''' (1726 - 1780)
'''John6''' (1760 NC - )
'''James Samuel Henderson7''' (1810 NC - c1849 NC)
Ichabod3 (1661 )
Josiah4 (1701 MA - 1782 CT)
_____5
Joseph4 (1706 MA - 1783 MA)
John5 (1748 MA - 1820 MA)
Joseph Shurtleff B.6 (1796 MA - 1875 KY)
John Porter B.7 (1829 TN - 1878 AR)
Joseph Anson B.8 (1857 AR - )
John Columbus Porter B.8 (1862 AR - )
Ebenezer3 (c1670 - 1698)
Ebenezer (II)4 (1694 - )
'''Joseph2''' (1639 PC - 1712 MA)
'''Joseph (II)3''' (1665 PC - 1703 )
'''Joseph (III)4''' (1693 - 1756 )
'''Sylvanus5''' (1719 - 1811 )
'''Sylvanus (II)6''' (1756 - 1829 )
'''Zaccheus5''' (1724/5 - 1800 MA)
'''Joseph6''' (1762 -1834 MA)
'''Joseph B.7''' (1784 MA -1854 NY)
'''George8''' (1822 NY - 1905 NY)
'''Franklin James B.9''' (1868 NY - 1952 NY)
'''Ellis Rawson B.10''' (1902 NY - 1970 NY)
Benjamin3 (1679 - 1716/7 )
Nathaniel4 (1703 - bef 1776 )

<references />

==References & External Links==
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations'' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2nd ed. 2000
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 18 Warren'' part 2 (Fifth Generation of descendants of daughters Mary, Anna & Elizabeth) General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2011
* Merrick, Barbara Lambert, ed. Scott Albert Bartley, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster'' part 1, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA, 2014
* [http://www.bartlettsociety.org/ Society of the Descendants of Robert Bartlett of Plymouth Massachusetts]
* [https://www.pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall biography for Robert & Mary]
* [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Robert Bartlett descendants genealogy database]

Bartlett (Y-DNA)

2026-08-14T12:48:23Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Previous Y-DNA testing */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of November 22, 2024: ===
* Y-SNP tested to P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY166945
* Separate Subclades for Benjamin (BY166945) and Joseph (BY142576) identified
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) descendants of Robert Bartlett to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Biography==
For more information see: Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations''
===First Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-297 Robert Bartlett]<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall Muesum biography of Robert and Mary]</ref> was born about 1602.<ref>It is possible Robert was the son of Robert Bartlett and Alice Barker, baptized at Puddletown, Dorset, England 27 May 1603.</ref> His first known record is his emigration to New Plimoth Colony in 1623 aboard the ''Anne.'' Robert married about 1630 to [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Warren]], who also came to New Plimoth Colony aboard the ''Anne''. They continued to live in Plymouth, where Robert wrote his will 19 Sep 1676, which was probated 29 Oct 1676. His wife, Mary, survived him, and her last known record was in 1677. A 1683 record by her sons called her then deceased.

Robert and Mary had eight children (Plymouth): [[Morey (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Mary]] (c1631), Benjamin (1633), [[Harlow (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Rebecca]] (1634), [[Rider (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Sarah]] (1636), [[William Sprague (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]] (1636), Joseph (c1639), [[Nelson (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Lydia]] (1648) and Mercy (1650).

===Second Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-299 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth before Jun 1633<ref>He was admitted Freeman 6 Jun 1654, and must have then been at least aged 21.</ref> and died Duxbury between 21- 28 Aug 1691.<ref>Date of will and inventory MD 6:44-49</ref> He married three times, first [[Carey (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Susanna Jenney]] who died (without issue) bef 8 Apr 1654.<ref>Will of Susanna's mother</ref> He married second prob. bef 8 Aug 1655,<ref>codicil of prev. will</ref> [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Sarah Brewster]], daughter of [[Brewster (Y-DNA) |Love Brewster]] and granddaughter of (Elder) William Brewster. Sarah was living as late as 5 Mar 1667/8<ref>Named in Court case.</ref> but Benjamin married third, bef 21 Jan 1678/9<ref>Third wife signed over dower rights in deed</ref> to Cecilia _____ (she survived her husband).
Benjamin had six children; the first three are known to be by his second wife, but it is currently unknown which wife was the mother of the youngest three: Benjamin (1658), Samuel (c1662), [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca]] (b1664), Ebenezer (b1670), Sarah (c1671 m her cousin [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Robert Bartlett]]) and Ichabod (b1674).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-249 Joseph Bartlett] was born in Plymouth about 1639 and died at Plymouth (Manomet) 18 Feb 1711[/2] "in ye 73d Year of his Age."<ref>[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29590899/Joseph-Bartlett#view-photo=13378464 Gravestone]</ref> He married Plymouth about 1662 [[Pope (mtDNA)#First Generation |Hannah Pope]] who was born 17 Aug 1639.
Joseph and Hannah had five children: Robert (c1663), Joseph (1665), Elnathan (c1667, never married) Mary (c1669 m [[Barnes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Lt.) John Barnes]]), Hannah (1671), Sarah (c1676), Benjamin (1679) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-11016 Thomas] (1683-b1712 unm.)

===Third Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-21 Benjamin Bartlett (II)] was likely born Duxbury abt 1657 and died there between 10 Apr 1722 and 10 Apr 1724.<ref>Deed and oath of witnesses to his will.</ref> He married there Dec 167[8?]<ref>MD 8:232 VRs:217 partially illegible, last digit poss. a 6 or 8.</ref> [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruth Pabodie]] and they had nine children (born Duxbury): Robert (1679, not in father's will), Sarah (1681), Rebecca (c1683), Ruth, William] (1695 m. Sarah Foster), Mercy (c1694), [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Priscilla]] (1696/7), Deborah and Abigail (c1702). His line eventually daughtered out so there are no living Y-DNA descendants from Benjamin (II).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-22 Samuel Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1662<ref>Estimate, from date married</ref> and died there bef 9 Dec 1713.<ref>Adm. of estate</ref> He married 2 Aug 1683 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Hannah Pabodie]]<ref>After Samuel's death, Hannah married Plymouth 4 Mar 1715 John Churchill.</ref> They had eight children (born Duxbury): Benjamin] (1684 never married), Joseph] (1686 m. Lydia Nelson & Sarah Simmons), [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]] (c1690), Samuel] (c1692 m. [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Churchill]]), Ichabod] (1693 m. Susannah Spooner), Lydia (c1696), Elizabeth (1700) and Sarah (p1700).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-943 Ebenezer Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1666 and died there bef 1 Mar 1697/8<ref>Inventory, which mentions wife, Hannah.</ref>. He married [[Hannah, wife of Thomas Delano (mtDNA)#First Generation| Hannah ''prob.'' Bryant]]<ref>Called Hannah, daughter of John Bryant in [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Bartlett Genealogy Database]</ref><ref>After Ebenezer's death, she married Duxbury 24 Oct 1699 [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Delano (II)]].</ref> and they had two children (born Duxbury): [https://pilgrimhenrysamsonkindred.org/geneaology/children-of-henry-and-anne-plummer-samson/ Ebenezer] (1694 m. Mary Rider & [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#SAMSON |Jerusha Samson]]) and Nathaniel (never married).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-248 Ichabod Bartlett] was born bet Sep 1670 - May 1674<ref>Aged 14-21 when his father died (1691) as he chose his uncle to be his guardian.</ref> and is said to have died bef 1 Jan 1715/6. He married twice, first Marshfield 28 Dec 1699<ref>VRs p. 42</ref> [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth Waterman]] and second Duxbury 14 Nov 1708<ref>VRs p. 246</ref> [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Desire Arnold]]. By his first wife, Ichabod had (born Marshfield): Josiah (1701 m. [[Hallett (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mercy Chandler]]), Nathaniel (1703 m. Abiah Delano, no known children), Joseph (1706 m. Sarah Seabury) and Elizabeth (1708). By his second wife he had: Sarah (1710) and Seth (bp 1713 m. Charity Gullifer & Martha Bourne, but likely had no children by either marriage.)

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-899 Robert Bartlett] was born Plymouth about 1633 and died there 3 Jan 171[7/8].<ref>gravestone (Burial Hill) stated died in ye 55th year of his age</ref> He married twice, first Plymouth 28 Dec 1687 Sarah Bartlett (his cousin, daughter of [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation | Benjamin Bartlett]]) (d 1688, no children) and second [[Lettice (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Cooke]]. By his second wife, Robert had thirteen children: Hannah (1691/2), Thomas (1693/4 m. Abigail Phinney, no children), John (1696 m. Sarah Cobb, Sarah LEWIS Gray & Sarah Seabury), infant son (1698), Sarah (1699), James (1701-1722/3 unm), Joseph (1703/4 m. Sarah Morton), Elizabeth (1706/7), William (1709-1710), Ebenezer (1710 m. Rebecca Dimmon & Abigail Finney), Robert (1713 m. [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca Wood]], Jean Spooner, Hopsestill Seabury & Anne Godfrey), and Lemuel (1715 m. Mary Doty).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-159 Joseph Bartlett (II)] was born Plymouth 18 Apr 1665 and died there 9 Apr 1703.<ref>gravestone, Burial Hill, said to be the oldest surviving gravestone in this cemetery.</ref> He married Plymouth 6 Jun 1692 Lydia Griswold<ref>After Joseph's death, Lydia married Plymouth 25 Jan 1705 Joseph Holmes</ref> Joseph and Lydia had: Joseph (1693 m. Elizabeth Bartlett), Samuel (1696 m. Elizabeth Lothrop & [[Huckins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth LOTHROP Wetherell]]), Lydia (1697/8), Benjamin (1699 m. Lydia Morton & Abigail PRATT Morton) and Sarah (1702/3).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-881 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth 6 Dec 1679 and died there 11 Mar 1717.<ref>gravestone, White Horse Cemetery</ref> He married Sarah Barnes and they had eight children: Nathaniel (1703 m. Abigail Clark & Rebecca Ellis), Jonathan (1704/5 m. Thankful Barnes), Benjamin (1706/7 m. Hannah Stephens), Joseph (1709 m. Jane Swift), Hannah (1710/1), and Sarah (1713).

<references />

==DNA results '''R-FTH65483'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
As of 14 Aug 2026, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/BARTLETTDNA?iframe=ydna-results-overview Bartlett DNA Project] Subgroup: "RF - Descent from Robert Bartlett who came to Plymouth, Mass in 1623; branches to NC, VA, KY, TN and others; one exception to this descent is under close study" has 44<ref>One of the testers does not descend from Robert Bartlett, but is a close SNP match to the family.</ref> testers, all who are close STR matches with each other and 13 of the members state their Most Distant Known Patrilineal (all male line) Ancestor (MDKPA) was Robert Bartlett.<ref>In addition 10 individuals claim Joseph Bartlett born ca 1765 was their MDKPA and one individual claims Joshua Bartlett b. 1768 was their MDKPA.</ref> FTDNA predicts they fall under R1b-M269 based on their STR results.

===NGS/WGS testing===
Five individuals claiming descent from Robert Bartlett have taken a Big Y test which documents the haplogroup for Robert Bartlett himself was P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY109876>FTH65483. Two testers (both descended from Joseph2)<ref>The shared lineage of these individuals is as follows: Robert1, Joseph2, Joseph3, Joseph4. Thus this mutation likely occurred somewhere along this lineage.</ref> fall under a subclade of BY109876>BY142576 while two other individuals claim descent from Benjamin2 fall under a different subclade of BY109876>BY166945<ref> The fifth individual claims they descend from Bejamin (2), but he falls under the Joseph (2) subclade of BY142576.</ref> This does not automatically mean that Joseph himself had the BY142576 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Joseph. In a similar vein, it does not automatically mean Benjamin himself had the BY166945 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Benjamin.

This last fact is key to the several Southern Bartlett families. The FTDNA project also documents three individuals descended from Joseph Bartlett of Virginia (c1765-c1836) and other Southern Bartlett lines falling under BY166945. This proves where these Southern lines must descend from Benjamin2 Bartlett. As we have more patrilineal descendants of Benjamin Bartlett Big Y tested, we may be able to further refine the lineages of these Southern Bartlett families.

There are several individuals who have not been able to trace their "paper trail" back to Robert Bartlett, but whose Y-DNA results indicate where they do in fact descend in a Y-DNA line from Robert. These individuals are not currently listed on the below chart, but efforts will continue on attempting to place them.

===Lines of Y-DNA tested individuals===
The following diagram lists those Y-DNA descendants of Robert Barlett who have done Y-DNA testing. Those individuals in '''Bold text''' have taken a NGS/WGS test (like the Big Y or Y-Elite) and those individuals in ''Italic text'' are individual's whose DNA results show they are '''not''' a Y-DNA descendant of Robert Bartlett. The other individuals have taken either Y-STR and/or Y-SNP testing, but have not taken any NGS/WGS test.

'''Robert1''' (1603 ENG - 1676 PC)
'''Benjamin2''' (1633 PC - c1691)
'''Samuel3''' (1660 - bef 1713)
'''Samuel (II)4''' (1691 - 1750 MA)
'''Samuel (III)5''' (1726 - 1780)
'''John6''' (1760 NC - )
'''James Samuel Henderson7''' (1810 NC - c1849 NC)
Ichabod3 (1661 )
Josiah4 (1701 MA - 1782 CT)
_____5
Joseph4 (1706 MA - 1783 MA)
John5 (1748 MA - 1820 MA)
Joseph Shurtleff B.6 (1796 MA - 1875 KY)
John Porter B.7 (1829 TN - 1878 AR)
Joseph Anson B.8 (1857 AR - )
John Columbus Porter B.8 (1862 AR - )
Ebenezer3 (c1670 - 1698)
Ebenezer (II)4 (1694 - )
'''Joseph2''' (1639 PC - 1712 MA)
'''Joseph (II)3''' (1665 PC - 1703 )
'''Joseph (III)4''' (1693 - 1756 )
'''Sylvanus5''' (1719 - 1811 )
'''Sylvanus (II)6''' (1756 - 1829 )
'''Zaccheus5''' (1724/5 - 1800 MA)
'''Joseph6''' (1762 -1834 MA)
'''Joseph B.7''' (1784 MA -1854 NY)
'''George8''' (1822 NY - 1905 NY)
'''Franklin James B.9''' (1868 NY - 1952 NY)
'''Ellis Rawson B.10''' (1902 NY - 1970 NY)
Benjamin3 (1679 - 1716/7 )
Nathaniel4 (1703 - bef 1776 )

<references />

==References & External Links==
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations'' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2nd ed. 2000
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 18 Warren'' part 2 (Fifth Generation of descendants of daughters Mary, Anna & Elizabeth) General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2011
* Merrick, Barbara Lambert, ed. Scott Albert Bartley, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster'' part 1, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA, 2014
* [http://www.bartlettsociety.org/ Society of the Descendants of Robert Bartlett of Plymouth Massachusetts]
* [https://www.pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall biography for Robert & Mary]
* [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Robert Bartlett descendants genealogy database]

Bartlett (Y-DNA)

2026-08-14T12:37:13Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Biography */

==Status summary==

===Completed as of November 22, 2024: ===
* Y-SNP tested to P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY166945
* Separate Subclades for Benjamin (BY166945) and Joseph (BY142576) identified
* Recruiting patrilineal (all male line) descendants of Robert Bartlett to NGS/WGS test. Any male who believes they are such a descendant should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big> [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Biography==
For more information see: Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations''
===First Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-297 Robert Bartlett]<ref>[https://pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall Muesum biography of Robert and Mary]</ref> was born about 1602.<ref>It is possible Robert was the son of Robert Bartlett and Alice Barker, baptized at Puddletown, Dorset, England 27 May 1603.</ref> His first known record is his emigration to New Plimoth Colony in 1623 aboard the ''Anne.'' Robert married about 1630 to [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Mary Warren]], who also came to New Plimoth Colony aboard the ''Anne''. They continued to live in Plymouth, where Robert wrote his will 19 Sep 1676, which was probated 29 Oct 1676. His wife, Mary, survived him, and her last known record was in 1677. A 1683 record by her sons called her then deceased.

Robert and Mary had eight children (Plymouth): [[Morey (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Mary]] (c1631), Benjamin (1633), [[Harlow (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Rebecca]] (1634), [[Rider (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Sarah]] (1636), [[William Sprague (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Elizabeth]] (1636), Joseph (c1639), [[Nelson (Y-DNA)#First Generation |Lydia]] (1648) and Mercy (1650).

===Second Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-299 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth before Jun 1633<ref>He was admitted Freeman 6 Jun 1654, and must have then been at least aged 21.</ref> and died Duxbury between 21- 28 Aug 1691.<ref>Date of will and inventory MD 6:44-49</ref> He married three times, first [[Carey (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Susanna Jenney]] who died (without issue) bef 8 Apr 1654.<ref>Will of Susanna's mother</ref> He married second prob. bef 8 Aug 1655,<ref>codicil of prev. will</ref> [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Sarah Brewster]], daughter of [[Brewster (Y-DNA) |Love Brewster]] and granddaughter of (Elder) William Brewster. Sarah was living as late as 5 Mar 1667/8<ref>Named in Court case.</ref> but Benjamin married third, bef 21 Jan 1678/9<ref>Third wife signed over dower rights in deed</ref> to Cecilia _____ (she survived her husband).
Benjamin had six children; the first three are known to be by his second wife, but it is currently unknown which wife was the mother of the youngest three: Benjamin (1658), Samuel (c1662), [[Jane Yates (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca]] (b1664), Ebenezer (b1670), Sarah (c1671 m her cousin [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Robert Bartlett]]) and Ichabod (b1674).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-249 Joseph Bartlett] was born in Plymouth about 1639 and died at Plymouth (Manomet) 18 Feb 1711[/2] "in ye 73d Year of his Age."<ref>[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29590899/Joseph-Bartlett#view-photo=13378464 Gravestone]</ref> He married Plymouth about 1662 [[Pope (mtDNA)#First Generation |Hannah Pope]] who was born 17 Aug 1639.
Joseph and Hannah had five children: Robert (c1663), Joseph (1665), Elnathan (c1667, never married) Mary (c1669 m [[Barnes (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |(Lt.) John Barnes]]), Hannah (1671), Sarah (c1676), Benjamin (1679) and [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-11016 Thomas] (1683-b1712 unm.)

===Third Generation===
[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-21 Benjamin Bartlett (II)] was likely born Duxbury abt 1657 and died there between 10 Apr 1722 and 10 Apr 1724.<ref>Deed and oath of witnesses to his will.</ref> He married there Dec 167[8?]<ref>MD 8:232 VRs:217 partially illegible, last digit poss. a 6 or 8.</ref> [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Ruth Pabodie]] and they had nine children (born Duxbury): Robert (1679, not in father's will), Sarah (1681), Rebecca (c1683), Ruth, William] (1695 m. Sarah Foster), Mercy (c1694), [[Samson (Y-DNA)#Third Generation|Priscilla]] (1696/7), Deborah and Abigail (c1702). His line eventually daughtered out so there are no living Y-DNA descendants from Benjamin (II).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-22 Samuel Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1662<ref>Estimate, from date married</ref> and died there bef 9 Dec 1713.<ref>Adm. of estate</ref> He married 2 Aug 1683 [[Priscilla Mullins (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Hannah Pabodie]]<ref>After Samuel's death, Hannah married Plymouth 4 Mar 1715 John Churchill.</ref> They had eight children (born Duxbury): Benjamin] (1684 never married), Joseph] (1686 m. Lydia Nelson & Sarah Simmons), [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Hannah]] (c1690), Samuel] (c1692 m. [[Hanson (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Hannah Churchill]]), Ichabod] (1693 m. Susannah Spooner), Lydia (c1696), Elizabeth (1700) and Sarah (p1700).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-943 Ebenezer Bartlett] was prob. born Duxbury abt 1666 and died there bef 1 Mar 1697/8<ref>Inventory, which mentions wife, Hannah.</ref>. He married [[Hannah, wife of Thomas Delano (mtDNA)#First Generation| Hannah ''prob.'' Bryant]]<ref>Called Hannah, daughter of John Bryant in [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Bartlett Genealogy Database]</ref><ref>After Ebenezer's death, she married Duxbury 24 Oct 1699 [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Thomas Delano (II)]].</ref> and they had two children (born Duxbury): [https://pilgrimhenrysamsonkindred.org/geneaology/children-of-henry-and-anne-plummer-samson/ Ebenezer] (1694 m. Mary Rider & [[Allied Families (Y-DNA)#SAMSON |Jerusha Samson]]) and Nathaniel (never married).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-248 Ichabod Bartlett] was born bet Sep 1670 - May 1674<ref>Aged 14-21 when his father died (1691) as he chose his uncle to be his guardian.</ref> and is said to have died bef 1 Jan 1715/6. He married twice, first Marshfield 28 Dec 1699<ref>VRs p. 42</ref> [[Elizabeth Walker (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Elizabeth Waterman]] and second Duxbury 14 Nov 1708<ref>VRs p. 246</ref> [[(poss.) Susanna (Unknown) (mtDNA)#Fourth Generation |Desire Arnold]]. By his first wife, Ichabod had (born Marshfield): Josiah (1701 m. [[Hallett (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Mercy Chandler]]), Nathaniel (1703 m. Abiah Delano, no known children), Joseph (1706 m. Sarah Seabury) and Elizabeth (1708). By his second wife he had: Sarah (1710) and Seth (bp 1713 m. Charity Gullifer & Martha Bourne, but likely had no children by either marriage.)

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-899 Robert Bartlett] was born Plymouth about 1633 and died there 3 Jan 171[7/8].<ref>gravestone (Burial Hill) stated died in ye 55th year of his age</ref> He married twice, first Plymouth 28 Dec 1687 Sarah Bartlett (his cousin, daughter of [[Bartlett (Y-DNA)#Second Generation | Benjamin Bartlett]]) (d 1688, no children) and second [[Lettice (mtDNA)#Second Generation |Sarah Cooke]]. By his second wife, Robert had thirteen children: Hannah (1691/2), Thomas (1693/4 m. Abigail Phinney, no children), John (1696 m. Sarah Cobb, Sarah LEWIS Gray & Sarah Seabury), infant son (1698), Sarah (1699), James (1701-1722/3 unm), Joseph (1703/4 m. Sarah Morton), Elizabeth (1706/7), William (1709-1710), Ebenezer (1710 m. Rebecca Dimmon & Abigail Finney), Robert (1713 m. [[Henchman (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Rebecca Wood]], Jean Spooner, Hopsestill Seabury & Anne Godfrey), and Lemuel (1715 m. Mary Doty).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-159 Joseph Bartlett (II)] was born Plymouth 18 Apr 1665 and died there 9 Apr 1703.<ref>gravestone, Burial Hill, said to be the oldest surviving gravestone in this cemetery.</ref> He married Plymouth 6 Jun 1692 Lydia Griswold<ref>After Joseph's death, Lydia married Plymouth 25 Jan 1705 Joseph Holmes</ref> Joseph and Lydia had: Joseph (1693 m. Elizabeth Bartlett), Samuel (1696 m. Elizabeth Lothrop & [[Huckins (mtDNA)#Third Generation |Elizabeth LOTHROP Wetherell]]), Lydia (1697/8), Benjamin (1699 m. Lydia Morton & Abigail PRATT Morton) and Sarah (1702/3).

[https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm] [https://www.wikitree.com/wiki/Bartlett-881 Benjamin Bartlett] was born Plymouth 6 Dec 1679 and died there 11 Mar 1717.<ref>gravestone, White Horse Cemetery</ref> He married Sarah Barnes and they had eight children: Nathaniel (1703 m. Abigail Clark & Rebecca Ellis), Jonathan (1704/5 m. Thankful Barnes), Benjamin (1706/7 m. Hannah Stephens), Joseph (1709 m. Jane Swift), Hannah (1710/1), and Sarah (1713).

<references />

==DNA results '''R-FTH65483'''==
===Previous Y-DNA testing===
As of 10 Jan 2026, the [https://www.familytreedna.com/public/BARTLETTDNA?iframe=ydna-results-overview Bartlett DNA Project] Subgroup: "RF Plymouth, MA & TN" has 35 individuals, all who are close STR matches with each other and 11 of the members state their Most Distant Known Patrilineal (all male line) Ancestor (MDKPA) was Robert Bartlett. FTDNA predicts they fall under R1b-M269 based on their STR results.

===NGS/WGS testing===
Five individuals claiming descent from Robert Bartlett have taken a Big Y test which documents the haplogroup for Robert Bartlett himself was P312>>U152>Z56>BY3548>Z43>Z145>BY1823>BY28794>PF6582>PF6577>BY3953>BY109876>FTH65483. Two testers (both descended from Joseph2)<ref>The shared lineage of these individuals is as follows: Robert1, Joseph2, Joseph3, Joseph4. Thus this mutation likely occurred somewhere along this lineage.</ref> fall under a subclade of BY109876>BY142576 while two other individuals claim descent from Benjamin2 fall under a different subclade of BY109876>BY166945<ref> The fifth individual claims they descend from Bejamin (2), but he falls under the Joseph (2) subclade of BY142576.</ref> This does not automatically mean that Joseph himself had the BY142576 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Joseph. In a similar vein, it does not automatically mean Benjamin himself had the BY166945 mutation, rather it means everyone who has this mutation must be a descendant of Benjamin.

This last fact is key to the several Southern Bartlett families. The FTDNA project also documents three individuals descended from Joseph Bartlett of Virginia (c1765-c1836) and other Southern Bartlett lines falling under BY166945. This proves where these Southern lines must descend from Benjamin2 Bartlett. As we have more patrilineal descendants of Benjamin Bartlett Big Y tested, we may be able to further refine the lineages of these Southern Bartlett families.

There are several individuals who have not been able to trace their "paper trail" back to Robert Bartlett, but whose Y-DNA results indicate where they do in fact descend in a Y-DNA line from Robert. These individuals are not currently listed on the below chart, but efforts will continue on attempting to place them.

===Lines of Y-DNA tested individuals===
The following diagram lists those Y-DNA descendants of Robert Barlett who have done Y-DNA testing. Those individuals in '''Bold text''' have taken a NGS/WGS test (like the Big Y or Y-Elite) and those individuals in ''Italic text'' are individual's whose DNA results show they are '''not''' a Y-DNA descendant of Robert Bartlett. The other individuals have taken either Y-STR and/or Y-SNP testing, but have not taken any NGS/WGS test.

'''Robert1''' (1603 ENG - 1676 PC)
'''Benjamin2''' (1633 PC - c1691)
'''Samuel3''' (1660 - bef 1713)
'''Samuel (II)4''' (1691 - 1750 MA)
'''Samuel (III)5''' (1726 - 1780)
'''John6''' (1760 NC - )
'''James Samuel Henderson7''' (1810 NC - c1849 NC)
Ichabod3 (1661 )
Josiah4 (1701 MA - 1782 CT)
_____5
Joseph4 (1706 MA - 1783 MA)
John5 (1748 MA - 1820 MA)
Joseph Shurtleff B.6 (1796 MA - 1875 KY)
John Porter B.7 (1829 TN - 1878 AR)
Joseph Anson B.8 (1857 AR - )
John Columbus Porter B.8 (1862 AR - )
Ebenezer3 (c1670 - 1698)
Ebenezer (II)4 (1694 - )
'''Joseph2''' (1639 PC - 1712 MA)
'''Joseph (II)3''' (1665 PC - 1703 )
'''Joseph (III)4''' (1693 - 1756 )
'''Sylvanus5''' (1719 - 1811 )
'''Sylvanus (II)6''' (1756 - 1829 )
'''Zaccheus5''' (1724/5 - 1800 MA)
'''Joseph6''' (1762 -1834 MA)
'''Joseph B.7''' (1784 MA -1854 NY)
'''George8''' (1822 NY - 1905 NY)
'''Franklin James B.9''' (1868 NY - 1952 NY)
'''Ellis Rawson B.10''' (1902 NY - 1970 NY)
Benjamin3 (1679 - 1716/7 )
Nathaniel4 (1703 - bef 1776 )

<references />

==References & External Links==
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Robert Bartlett of the "Anne" and his Descendants of Four Generations'' General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2nd ed. 2000
* Wakefield, Robert S., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 18 Warren'' part 2 (Fifth Generation of descendants of daughters Mary, Anna & Elizabeth) General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2011
* Merrick, Barbara Lambert, ed. Scott Albert Bartley, ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations: vol. 24 Brewster'' part 1, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA, 2014
* [http://www.bartlettsociety.org/ Society of the Descendants of Robert Bartlett of Plymouth Massachusetts]
* [https://www.pilgrimhall.org/robert_mary_bartlett.htm Pilgrim Hall biography for Robert & Mary]
* [https://homepages.rootsweb.com/~cst/bartlett/team9a.htm Robert Bartlett descendants genealogy database]

Abigail Andrews (mtDNA)

2026-08-13T23:18:34Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* First Generation */

==Status summary==
As of August 12, 2026
* Page created for Abigail Andrews, wife of John Wadsworth. Folks who believe they are mtDNA descendants should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big>[[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Paper Trail==
For more information see:
* Throop, Louise Walsh, ''Mayflower Families in Progress, George Soule'' (multi-volume), General Society of Mayflower Descendants
* Wood, Ralph V. Jr., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations'' Vol. 12, Francis Cooke, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2014
* Merrick, Barbara Lambert (ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley), ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations'' Vol. 24, General Society of Mayflower Descendants. Part 1, 2014 and Part 3, 2019.

===First Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776993258/facts Abigail Andrews], daughter of Henry Andrews and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776993257/facts Mary Goare] was likely born Taunton abt 1647 and died Duxbury around midnight 25/25 Nov 1743. She married 25 Jul 1667 [[Wadsworth (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Dea.) John Wadsworth]] and they had eleven children: Mary (1668), Abigail (1670), John (1672), Hannah (c1675), Grace (1677), Lydia (1679), Sarah (1682 unm.), Christopher (1686), Hopestill (1686), Ichabod (1687), Mercy (c1690, likely d. 1715 unm.) and Isaac (1692).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994072/facts Mary Wadsworth] was born Duxbury 18 Dec 1668 and died Pembroke 9 May 1741. She married bef 1699 [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Aaron Soule]] and they had four children: Christopher (1699), Mary (c1701), Aaron (1705) and Rachel (c1707).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994083/facts Abigail Wadsworth] was born Duxbury 25 Oct 1670 and died Halifax 15 Jan 1744. She married Middleborough 28 Dec 1693 [[Thomson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jacob Thomson]] and they had ten children (Middleborough): Jacob (1695), Abigail (1696/7), Mercy (1699), John (1700/1), Lydia (1703), Barnabas (1704/5), Esther (1706/7), Hannah (1708/9), Mary (1711) and Caleb (1712).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994182/facts Hannah Wadsworth] was born Duxbury abt 1675 and died there 6 Feb 1732/3. She married 9 Feb 1698 [[Peterson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin Peterson]] and they had nine children (Duxbury): Mercy (1699), infant, infant, Abigail (c1709), Jacob (1710/1), Isaac (c1713), Anne (c1715), Benjamin (c1717) and Joseph (c1720).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994222/facts Grace Wadsworth] was born Duxbury abt 1677 and died there in 1758. She married twice, first Duxbury Jan 1700 William Sprague, then Middleborough 25 Dec 1723 Josiah Wormall (no ch.) By her first husband she had four children: Ruth (1701), Zerviah (1704), Jethro (1709) and Terah (son, 1712).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994252/facts Lydia Wadsworth] was born Duxbury 23 Feb 1678/9 and died there 26 May 1756. She married aft 23 Apr 1700 [[Peterson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jonathan Peterson]] and they had six children (Duxbury): John (1701), Hopewell (dau, 1703/4), Jonathan (1706), Reuben (1710), Alice (c1711 m [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Aaron Soule (II)]] but no ch.) and Lydia (1713).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994357/facts Hopestill Wadsworth] was born Duxbury 16 Mar 1686 and died Lebanon, CT 25 Mar 1773. She married Duxbury 20 May 1708 [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Fourth Generation |William Brewster (II)]] and they had six children (Duxbury): Oliver (1709), Ichabod (1711), Elisha (1715), Seth (1720), Lot (1723) and Huldah (1726).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994495/facts Mary Soule] was born ''prob.'' Duxbury abt 1701 and died aft 25 Mar 1752. She married Pembroke 5 Apr 1722 Freedom Chamberlain and they had eleven children (Pembroke): Nathaniel (1722), Benjamin (1724), Job (1725/6), Mary (1728 n.f.r.), Freedom (1730), Abigail (1732), Ruth (1734 n.f.r.), Rebecca (1736), John (1738-1742), Rachel (1741 n.f.r.) and John (1743).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994494/facts Rachel Soule] was born Duxbury abt 1707 and died Hanover 1 Oct 1797. She married Duxbury 26 Dec 1728 David Magoun and they had twelve children (Pembroke): Hannah (1729), David (1730-1735), Rachel (1732-1738), Rebecca (1734), Thomas (1736-1736), Mary (1737), Thomas (1740), James (1742), Abner (1743), Aaron (1744/5), Isaac (1746) and Rachel (1750).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994641/facts Abigail Tomson] was born Middleborough 4 Feb 1696/7 and died West Bridgewater 19 May 1786. She married Middleborough 27 Nov 1723 Jonathan Packard and they had five children (Bridgewater): Jonathan (1724-1726), Susanna (1726), Jacob (1728), Jonathan (1730) and Abigail (1735).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994640/facts Mercy Tomson] was born Middleborough 13 Oct 1699 and died there 4 Sep 1799. She married Middleborough 4 May 1721 Nehemiah Bennett and they had five children: Abigail (1723/4 m Jabez Soule & David Weston), Jacob (1725), William (1727), Martha (1733 m Nathan Darling) and Hannah (1735 m Thomas Savery).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994638/facts Lydia Tomson] was born Middleborough 22 Apr 1703 and died Cummington 15 Mar 1789. She married Middleborough 2 Feb 1725/6 John Packard and they had six children: Lydia (1726), Abel (1729), Abiah (1731), Abigail (1733), John (1735) and Barnabas (1737).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994635/facts Esther Tomson] was born Middleborough 18 Feb 1706/7 and died there 5 Jul 1776. She married Halifax 25 Oct 1737 Ebenezer Bennett and they had eight children: Patience (1738), John (1740), infant son (1741-1741), Esther (1742-1743), Lydia (1743-1743), infant dau. (1744-1744), infant dau. (1746-1746) and Ebenezer (1747).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994633/facts Hannah Tomson] was born Middleborough 10 Mar 1708/9 and died Abington 27 Nov 1787. She married Middleborough 21 Feb 1732/3 (Capt.) Ebenezer Reed and they had ten children: Ebenezer (1733-1740), William (1735), Ichabod (1738), Jonathan (1740), David (1740), Paul (1743-1743), Silas (1743-1744), Abigail (1745), Barnabas (1748) and Ebenezer (1751-1764).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994631/facts Mary Tomson] was born Middleborough 19 May 1711 and died Halifax 19 Jul 1769. She married Halifax 8 Nov 1739 Reuben Tomson and they had five children: Deborah (1740), Thomas (1741), Marcy (1745-1748), Abigail (1748-1757) and Lucy (1755).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994849/facts Mercy Peterson] was born Duxbury Oct 1699 and died there 27 Sep 1768. She married Duxbury 18 May 1721 [[Weston (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph Weston]] and they had nine children: Sarah (c1722), Jane (1725/6), Thomas (1726), Simeon (1728), Jacob (c1731), Ichabod (c1734), William (c1736), Abigail (c1738) and Zabdiel (son, c1742).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994847/facts Abigail Peterson] was born Duxbury abt 1707. She married Duxbury 25 Sep 1729 Abraham Pierce "Jr." and they had four children (order unknown): Hannah, Lemuel, Joseph and Abigail.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994843/facts Anne Peterson] was born Duxbury abt 1712 and died bef 1783. She married Duxbury 7 Apr 1735 Nathaniel Dunham and they had five children: Elijah (1735), Hannah (1738), Susanna (1741), Rebecca (1742) and Abner (1746).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776997599/facts Ruth Sprague] was born Duxbury 22 Feb 1701/2 and died there bef Dec 1736.<ref>Widow filed intentions to remarry Scituate 18 Dec 1736.</ref> She married Duxbury 18 APr 1719 Samuel Keen(e) and they had eight children: William (1720), Josiah (1722-1725), Levi (1722), Abel (1724-1725), Grace (1726), Samuel (1729), Isaiah (1732) and Ruth (1734).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776997913/facts Zerviah (Zeruiah) Sprague] was born Duxbury 19 Dec 1704 and died there 10 Oct 1778. She married Duxbury 17 Mar 1732/3 Nathaniel Chandler and they had six children: Irene (1724), Mercy (1726), Caroline (1730), Ruth (1730), Zerviah (1735) and Lucy (1738).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776995062/facts Hopestill Peterson] was born Duxbury 20 Jan 1703/4 and died Kingston 27 Jul 1775. She married by 1723 [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joshua Delano]] and they had eleven children: Lydia (1723), infant son (1726-1726), infant daughter (1727-1727), Rhoda (1728), Thankful (1730), Silvia (1732), Hopestill (1735), Beza (dau, 1737), Martha (1739), Wealtha (1741) and Joshua (1744).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776995058/facts Lydia Peterson] was born Duxbury 22 Apr 1713 and died Pembroke 11 Nov 1771. She married Duxbury 26 Dec 1733 [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Aaron Soule]] and they had ten children: Rebecca (1734 unm.), Huldah (1736), Silvene/Silvina (1738), Lydia (1740), Alice (1744), Deborah (1745-1745), Lenity (dau. 1748-1749), Aaron (1749), Lenice (dau. 1753) and John (1754).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776995206/facts Huldah Brewster] was born Duxbury 20 Feb 1725/6 and died Hull 25 Apr 1750. She married Duxbury 13 Jun 1745 John Gould/Goold and they had three children: John (1746-1746), Huldah (1747) and Hopestill (1749-1749). There are no surviving mtDNA descendants for Huldah.

===Fourth Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996296/facts Abigail Chamberlain] was born Pembroke 3 Nov 1732 and died bet 1779-1786. She married Plymouth 1758 Jeremiah Dillingham and they had five children: Abigail (1759-1759), Mary "Polly" (1760-1850 m Abel Allen), John (1762), Jeremiah (1764) and Isaac (1766).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996301/facts Rebecca Chamberlain] was born Pembroke 28 Feb 1726 and died Harvard 15 Sep 1818. She married Pembroke 29 Dec 1757 Nathaniel Ramsden/Ramsdell and they had nine children (all but youngest Pembroke; youngest Harvard): Freedom (bp 1759), Nehemiah (bp 1761), Nathaniel (bp 1763), Seth (bp 1766), Bartlett (bp 1768), Rebecca (bp 1771), Ezekiel (bp 1772), Betty (bp 1775) and Nabby (bp 1779).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996473/facts Hannah Magoun] was born Pembroke 13 Jul 1729 and died Hanover 23 Aug 1803. She married Pembroke 24 Jan 1745/6 [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |David Standish]] and they had ten children: Lemuel (1746), Olive (1748 m Stockbridge Josselyn), Hannah (1750 unm.), Lucy (1754-bef 1766), Priscilla (1756 m Seth Josselyn), David (1758), James (1760-b1763), James (1763), Lucy (1766=bef 1793 likely unm.) and Mary (1771 unm.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996469/facts Rebecca Magoun] was born Pembroke 30 Jul 1734 and died there 7 Jan 1762. She married Pembroke 22 Aug 1761 Ebenezer Man(n) and they had four children: David (1752), Rebecca (1755 m Joshua Turner), Ebenezer (1757) and Betsey/Betty (1759 m Thomas Nash).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996467/facts Mary Magoun] was born Pembroke 19 Apr 1737 and died Lewiston, ME 23 Dec 1834. She married Pembroke 7 Jan 1762 Joseph Dwelly and they had seven children: Joseph (1764), Rachel (1765 m Rufus Flagg), Mary "Polly" (1768 m Jason Rice), Melzar (son, 1771), Hannah (1773 m John Harris Reed [II]), Lemuel (1774) and Alexander (1776).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996462/facts Rachel Magoun] was born Pembroke 17 Sep 1750 and died Plympton 23 Sep 1786. She married Plympton 14 Nov 1771 Josiah Chandler and they had five children: Joseph James (1772), Josiah (1774-1780), Alden (1777), Rachel (1779 m Otis Thompson) and Lydia (1782 m Phillip Omey).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999165/facts Susanna Packard] was born Bridgewater 21 Feb 1726 and died there 29 Oct 1808. She married Bridgewater 26 Mar 1745 Charles Snell and they had eleven children: Mehitable (1745-1746), Bathsheba (1747-1748), Jonathan (1748), Silence (1750 m Ebenezer Howard), Charles (1753), Nathaniel (1755), Susanna (1757 m Abiel Harris), Hannah (1759 m Benjamin Chamberlain), Reuben (1761), Abigail (1765 m Leavitt Thayer) and Shepard (1770).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999161/facts Abigail Packard] was born Bridgewater 14 May 1735 and died bef 30 Sep 1802. She married Bridgewater 21 Jul 1752 (Lt.) Jonathan Perkins (II) and they had nine children: Jonathan (1753-1754), Abigail (1757 m Jonathan Cary), Jonathan (1758), Ruby (1761 m Alpheus Cary), Huldah (1762 unk. if marr.), George (1763), Susanna (bp 1766 m Enoch Perkins), Daniel (bp 1768) and Parnel (1780 unm.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999508/facts Abigail Bennett] was born Middleborough 5 Jan 1723/4 and died there 11 Oct 1801. She married twice, first Middleborough 17 Oct 1745 [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jabez Soule]] then Plympton 11 Jul 1760 [[Weston (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |David Weston]]. By her first husband she had Three children: Jacob (1746), Mercy (1748 m Noah Cushman) and Jabez (1751-1751). By her second husband she had two more children: Susannah (1761 m Zenas Warren) and Abigail (1762 m Ebenezer Washburn).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999504/facts Martha Bennett] was born Middleborough 8 Dec 1733 and died there 12 May 1812. She married Middleborough 9 Jun 1768 Nathan Darling and they had five children: Elizabeth (1769 m ____ Sturtevant), Marcy (1770-1792 unm.), Nathan (1772), Bennet (1774) and John (1776-1776).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999503/facts Hannah Bennett] was born Middleborough 13 Jan 1735/6 and died Plympton (now Carver) 4 Mar 1769. She married Plympton 24 Oct 1765 (Dea.) Thomas Savery (II) and they had two children: Zilpah (1766 m William Cushman) and Mercy (1768 m Thomas Adams). There are no surviving mtDNA descendants for Hannah (Bennett) Savery.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999828/facts Lydia Packard} was born Bridgewater 27 Dec 1726 and died there 23 Jan 1762. She married Bridgewater 26 Mar 1754 Jesse Edson and they had four children: Rhoda (1749-1750), Metzar (son, 1751), Joseph (1755) and John (1760). As she had no surviving daughters, there are no surviving mtDNA line for Lydia (Packard) Edson.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999826/facts Abiah Packard] was born Bridgewater 5 Aug 1731 and died (No.) Bridgewater (now Brockton) 15 Sep 1770. She married Bridgewater 15/16 Dec 1750 Edward Southworth and they had nine children: Uriah (1752), Peres (1754), Desire (1756 m Ezekiel Learned), Edward (1758), Abiah (son, 1760), Bridget (1762 m Stephen Anderson), Lydia (1764 m Sylvanus Pratt), Avis (1768 m Eli Hamilton) and Fear (1770 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999825/facts Abigail Packard] was born Bridgewater 8 Oct 1733 and died aft 1772. She married Bridgewater 15 May 1766 George Packard and they had three children: Zadock (1768), Zebedee (1770-1777) and Abigail "Nabby" (1772 m Bartimeus Packard).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777000078/facts Patience Bennett] was born Middleborough 16 Sep 1738 and died there 11 Nov 1781. She married Middleborough 8 Oct 1769 Ebenezer Levy Bennett and they had eight children: Esther (1770 unk. if marr.), Hannah (1771 m Nathaniel Wilder), Philip (1773), Jacob (1774), Livy (son, 1776-1777), Deborah (1778-1778), Patience (1780 unk. if marr.) and Zephaniah.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777000433/facts Abigail Reed] was born Abington 10 Apr 1745 and died there 17 Feb 1834. She married Abington 24 Feb 1766 Jacob Dyer and they had six children: Jacob (1766-1771), Mary (1769 m Jacob Morse, but prob. no daughters), Mehitable (1771-1776), Jacob (1774-1775), Jacob (1776) and Joseph (1779). It appears there are no surviving mtDNA descendants for Abigail (Reed) Dyer.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001239/facts Deborah Tomson] was born Halifax 27 Jul 1740 and died Abington 14 May 1805. She married Halifax 24 Oct 1768 Micah Reed and they had nine children: Delight (1769 m William Rounds), Susannah (1770 m David Gloyd), Mehitable (1771 m Seth Hunt), Enoch (1773), Seth (1776), Ruth (1778 m Bela Blanchard), Noah (1781) and Abigail (1784 m Elisha Cranson).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001235/facts Lucy Tomson] was born Halifax 4 Dec 1775 and died there 5 Jan 1818. She married Halifax 2 May 1776 Thomas Drew. While the Francis Cooke Silver Book only listed two children who died young (Nancy and Stephen) they had other known children: Thomas and George (both of their death records identified their parents as Thomas & Lucy Drew of Halifax). In addition, the 1833 will of Mary Drew "singlewoman" of Boston names her brothers Thomas & George (both of Halifax), brother Cephas (of Westford) and sister Jane Cook, wife of Isaac Cook of Brookline. Jane & Isaac only had two sons so there are no surviving mtDNA descendants of Lucy (Tomson) Drew.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001805/facts Sarah Weston] was born Duxbury 2 Mar 1722/3 and died bef Jul 1779. She married Duxbury 4 Nov 1743 John Chandler and they had four children: Rebecca (1749 m David Oldham), Candace (1751 likely unm.), Elizabeth (1756 m John Oldham) and Abel (1758).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001802/facts Jane "Jeney" Weston] was born Duxbury 21 Jan 1725/6 and died there 5 Sep 1799. She married Duxbury 28 Apr 1748 Thomas Hunt (II) and they had six children: Abigail (c1752 m Ichabod Kent), Asenith "Sena" (c1753 unk. if marr.), Thomas (1761), Melzar (son, 1762-1769), Jenny (1764-1766) and Anna (c1768 likely unm.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001797/facts Abigail Weston] was born Duxbury 15 Mar 1738/9 and died there 7 Aug 1812. She married Duxbury 20 Dec 1764 Enoch Freeman and they had eight children: Abigail (1765 m Amasa Sturtevant), Enoch Weston (1767), William (1769), Lydia (1771 m Nathaniel Soule), Daniel (1773), Sarah (1775 m [Dea.] Martin Sampson), Weston (1777) and Mary "Polly" (1779 m James T. Loring). Today, there are no surviving mtDNA descendants of Abigail (Weston) Freeman.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262778901923/facts Alice Pierce] was ''prob.'' born Pembroke abt 1733 and died by 1778. She married abt 1754 Thomas Damon and they had nine children: Peleg (1755), Gamaliel (1756), Abigail (1758 m Daniel Record), Releaf (c1764 m Araunah Sampson), Jonathan (1766), Alice (1766 unm.), Ezekiel (1772-1778), Mercy (1774 m Stephen Sampson) and Hannah (c1775 unk. if marr.) Today there are no surviving mtDNA descendants of Alice (Pierce) Damon.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001939/facts Hannah Pierce] was baptized Pembroke 22 May 1737 and died prob. Duxbury sometime after 1 May 1806. She married Duxbury 4 Dec 1760 William Simmons and they had four known children:<ref>The 1790 Census of Duxbury enumerated seven females in the household, so it is likely Hannah & William had more daughters, whose identity are currently Unknown.</ref> Abigail (c1763-1784 unm.), William (1764), Seth (1769) and Huldah (c1772-1791 unm.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002214/facts Hannah Dunham] was born Plymouth 27 Jan 1738/9 and died there 25 Aug 1798. She married Plymouth 3 Dec 1775 William Cuffs and they had ''at least'' the following: William (1776), Hannah Wadsworth (1781 m David Ripley) and Mary Williams (1784 m Gideon Bisbee<ref>Gideon died in 1810. It is currently unknown whether Mary remarried or whether she had any children.</ref>).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002213/facts Susanna Dunham] was born Plymouth 14 Nov 1741 and died bef 10 Apr 1796. She married thrice, first int Plymouth 23 Jan 1762 Richard Kimball then Plymouth 24 Sep 1769 William Straffin, finally Plymouth 28 Apr 1777 Samuel Dutch (no ch.) By her first husband she had: infant son (1763-1764). By her second husband she had four more children: William (1770), George (1771), Lucy (1773-1773) and Samuel (1775). In conclusion, there is no surviving mtDNA line for Susanna.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002212/facts Rebecca/Rebekah Dunham] was born Plymouth abt 1754 and died there 10 Aug 1840. She married twice, first Plymouth 26 Aug 1778 John Chase then Plymouth 29 Mar 1787 Noah Gale (no ch). By her first husband she had three children: Rebecca (c1779 unk. if marr.), John (1781) and ''poss.'' Elizabeth (c1786 m Jacob Cushing [II] but they had no children).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776997990/facts Grace Keene] was born Pembroke 26 Jan 1726 and died there 3 Jun 1772. She married Pembroke 23 Aug 1744 Jabez Cole and they had eight children: West (1745), Nathaniel (1747), Abel (1749), Abigail (1754 m Levi Soule & Cornelius Turner), Isaiah (1757), Ruth (1762 m George Leissner), William (1765) and Cephas (1768).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776998122/facts Ruth Keene] was born Pembroke 18 Apr 1734 and died there 12 Dec 1795. She married Pembroke 25 Oct 1759 John Leavitt and they had six children: Margaret (1760 m Jesse Delano), Sarah "Salley" (1761 m James Barstow), Joanna (1763 no further record), Gad (1767), Solomon (1774) and Laban (1780).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002906/facts Irene Chandler] was born Duxbury 6 Apr 1724 and died there 6 Apr 1754. She married Lebanon 29 Jun 1747 Mason Wattles and they had five children: Judith/Judah (1748 ''poss.'' m Jonathan Preston), Nathaniel (1750), Mason (1752), Zerviah (1754 m Israel Damon) and Chandler (1754).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002750/facts Mercy Chandler] was born Duxbury abt 1726 and died there 28 Oct 1715. She married thrice, first Duxbury 18 Feb 1745/6 Peleg Sprague, then Duxbury abt 1757 Phineas Sprague, finally Duxbury Aug 1781 Ichabod Simmons (no ch.) By her first husband she had three children: Nathaniel (1747), Peleg (1751-1756) and John. By her second husband she had four more children: Peleg (1758), Seth (1760), Mercy (1763 m John Chandler) and Ruth (1775 m John Burgess).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262778888169/facts Caroline Chandler] was born Duxbury abt 1729 and died Minot (now Auburn), ME 28 Jun 1795. She married Duxbury 21 Nov 1752 (Dea.) Joseph Freeman (II) and they had six children: Olive (1752 m James Shaw), Irene (1756 m (Rev. Dr.) Zedekiah Sangar), Chandler (1756), Samuel (1758), Joseph (1762) and Sarah (1762 m Ira Wadsworth).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002749/facts Ruth Chandler] was born Duxbury abt 1730 and died there 7 Dec 1819. She married Duxbur 19 Dec 1748 Nathaniel Burgess and they had twelve children: Jacob (1748), Nathaniel (1750), Patience (1752 m Malachi Delano), Thomas (1756), Ruth (1758 m Abner Sampson [II]), Lucia/Lucy (1760 m Benjamin Pierce & James Glass [II]), William (1762), John (1765), Marcy (1767 m John Taylor), Nathan (1769), Rebecca (1772 m Jesse Ballou) and Zerviah/Zeruiah (1775 m Joseph Sampson).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002908/facts Zerviah/Zeruiah] Chandler was born Duxbury abt 1735 and died Colchester, CT 12 May 1790. She married twice, first Colchester, CT 20 May 1754 (Capt.) Hubbell Wells and they had ten children: Irena (1756), Zerviah/Zeruiah (1759), Lucy (1761), Ruby (1763), Jonathan (1765), Mary (1768), Mabel (1770), Hubbell (1770), Joel (1773) and Chad (1775-1775).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002751/facts Lucy Chandler] was born Duxbury 21 Jun 1738 and died Halifax, VT 4 Mar 1837. She married Colchester, CT 9 Feb 1762 Stephen Otis and they had twelve children: Arunah (son 1763), Caroline (1764), Calvin (1766), Elce/Alice (1768), Chandler (1770), Lucy (1772), James (1773-1774), Stephen (1773), Seth (1777), Nathaniel (1778), James (1780) and Joseph (1782).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009358/facts Lydia Delano] was born Duxbury 12 Jul 1723 and died Kingston 22 Oct 1809. She married Duxbury 5 Nov 1743 (Capt.) Thomas Prince and they had seven children: Sylvia (1747 d.y), Abigail (1747), Thankful (1749), Thomas (1756), James (1758), Lydia (1762) and Sylvia (1765).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009355/facts Rhoda Delano] was born Duxbury 4 Jul 1728 and died there 1 Jul 1799. She married Duxbury 18 Feb 1745/6 Samuel Winsor and they had ten children: Nathaniel (1747), Joshua (1749), Samuel (1751), William (1753), John (1756), James (1759-1767), Peter (1761), Rhoda (1764), Betsey (1768) and James (1770).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009353/facts Silvia Delano] was born Duxbury 22 Jan 1732/3 and died Kingston 19 Mar 1812. She married Kingston 27 Dec 1752 Charles Foster and they had four children: Lucy (1753-1753), infant son (1754-1754), Lucy (1756 unm.) and James (1759). Thus there is no surviving matrilineal line for Silvia.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009351/facts Beza Delano] was born Duxbury 24 Nov 1737 and died Kingston abt 1774. She married twice, first int. Plymouth 29 Mar 1754 Benjamin Allen (II) then cert. Kingston 24 Dec 1768 Samuel Drew. By her first husband she had two children: Benjamin (1755) and Oliver (1757-1757). By her second husband she had one more child: Beza (1773-1777). Since her only daughter died young, there is no surviving matrilineal line for Beza.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009349/facts Martha Delano] was born Duxbury 21 Sep 1739 and died Woolwich, ME 13 May 1820. She married Kingston 31 Jul 1760 (Lieut.) Robert Cushman (III) and they had ten children: Robert (1761), Mercy (1762), Hopestill (son, 1764), Joshua (1766), Martha (1769), Beza (son, 1771-1772), Kenelam (1773), Job (1774), Leonisa (1778) and Francis (1781).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009359/facts Welthea Delano] was born Duxbury 7 Dec 1741 and died Kingston 27 Apr 1783. She married 1760 Peabody Bradford and they had ten children: Lewis (1761), Ira (1763), Pamelia (1764), Charles (1767), Cynthia (1770), Joanna (1772), Sylvia (1774), Welthia (1776-1778), Lucy (1778) and Ira (1783).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009652/facts Huldah Soule] was born Pembroke 27 Sep 1736 and died Kingston 31 May 1802. She married Scituate 24 Feb 1760 (Capt.) Thomas Church but they had no surviving children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009651/facts Silvene/Silvina Soule] was born Pembroke 8 Jul 1738 and died Plainfield, CT 10 Aug 1755. She married Pembroke 3 May 1753 Nathan Thomas (II) but they had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009656/facts Lydia Soule] was born Pembroke 4 Apr 1740 and died there 20 Apr 1819. She married Pembroke 24 Feb 1763 Jedediah Dwelley (II) and they had six children: Charles (1764), Huldah (1768), Lucy (1770), Charles (1774), George (1777) and Lydia (1778).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009654/factsLeonice Soul3] was born Pembroke 4 Jan 1753 and died there 11 Feb 1825. She married Pembroke 21 Nov 1771 Isaac Brewster and they had two sons: Pelham (1773) and Spencer (1778). Since she had no daughters, there is no surviving mtDNA line.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262778574057/facts Huldah Goold/Gould] was born Hull 29 Aug 1747 and died there 23 Jul 1820. She married Hull int 11 Dec 1783 Samuel Loring (II) and they had four children: Samuel (1784), Huldah Brewster (1786 unm.), John Godfrey (1788) and Jane (1790-1791). In conclusion, there is no surviving matrilineal line for Hopestill, daughter of Abigail Andrews & (Dea.) John Wadsworth.

<references />

==mtDNA Results ''TBD''==
To date no known matrilineal/mtDNA descendants of Abigail ANDREWS Wadsworth have mtDNA tested and have published their results. Folks who believe they are matrilineal descendants are encouraged to full mtDNA test and to contact MayflowerDNA1620@gmail.com

<references />

==References and External Links==
* Throop, Louise Walsh, ''Mayflower Families in Progress, George Soule'' (multi-volume), General Society of Mayflower Descendants
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776993258/facts Abigail Andrews mtDNA tree (work in progress)]

Abigail Andrews (mtDNA)

2026-08-12T14:48:18Z

MayflowerDNA1620: /* Fourth Generation */

==Status summary==
As of August 12, 2026
* Page created for Abigail Andrews, wife of John Wadsworth. Folks who believe they are mtDNA descendants should [[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

<big>'''IMPORTANT:'''</big>[[Read me First|<big>'''Read me First'''</big>]]

==Paper Trail==
For more information see:
* Throop, Louise Walsh, ''Mayflower Families in Progress, George Soule'' (multi-volume), General Society of Mayflower Descendants
* Wood, Ralph V. Jr., ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations'' Vol. 12, Francis Cooke, General Society of Mayflower Descendants, Plymouth, MA 2014
* Merrick, Barbara Lambert (ed. by Scott Andrew Bartley), ''Mayflower Families through Five Generations'' Vol. 24, General Society of Mayflower Descendants. Part 1, 2014 and Part 3, 2019.

===First Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776993258/facts Abigail Andrews], daughter of Henry Andrews and [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776993257/facts Mary Goare] was likely born Taunton abt 1647 and died Duxbury in 1743. She married 25 Jul 1667 [[Wadsworth (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |(Dea.) John Wadsworth]] and they had eleven children: Mary (1668), Abigail (1670), John (1672), Hannah (c1675), Grace (1677), Lydia (1679), Sarah (1682 unm.), Christopher (1686), Hopestill (1686), Ichabod (1687), Mercy (c1690, likely d. 1715 unm.) and Isaac (1692).

===Second Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994072/facts Mary Wadsworth] was born Duxbury 18 Dec 1668 and died Pembroke 9 May 1741. She married bef 1699 [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Aaron Soule]] and they had four children: Christopher (1699), Mary (c1701), Aaron (1705) and Rachel (c1707).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994083/facts Abigail Wadsworth] was born Duxbury 25 Oct 1670 and died Halifax 15 Jan 1744. She married Middleborough 28 Dec 1693 [[Thomson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jacob Thomson]] and they had ten children (Middleborough): Jacob (1695), Abigail (1696/7), Mercy (1699), John (1700/1), Lydia (1703), Barnabas (1704/5), Esther (1706/7), Hannah (1708/9), Mary (1711) and Caleb (1712).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994182/facts Hannah Wadsworth] was born Duxbury abt 1675 and died there 6 Feb 1732/3. She married 9 Feb 1698 [[Peterson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Benjamin Peterson]] and they had nine children (Duxbury): Mercy (1699), infant, infant, Abigail (c1709), Jacob (1710/1), Isaac (c1713), Anne (c1715), Benjamin (c1717) and Joseph (c1720).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994222/facts Grace Wadsworth] was born Duxbury abt 1677 and died there in 1758. She married twice, first Duxbury Jan 1700 William Sprague, then Middleborough 25 Dec 1723 Josiah Wormall (no ch.) By her first husband she had four children: Ruth (1701), Zerviah (1704), Jethro (1709) and Terah (son, 1712).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994252/facts Lydia Wadsworth] was born Duxbury 23 Feb 1678/9 and died there 26 May 1756. She married aft 23 Apr 1700 [[Peterson (Y-DNA)#Second Generation |Jonathan Peterson]] and they had six children (Duxbury): John (1701), Hopewell (dau, 1703/4), Jonathan (1706), Reuben (1710), Alice (c1711 m [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Aaron Soule (II)]] but no ch.) and Lydia (1713).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994357/facts Hopestill Wadsworth] was born Duxbury 16 Mar 1686 and died Lebanon, CT 25 Mar 1773. She married Duxbury 20 May 1708 [[Brewster (Y-DNA)#Fourth Generation |William Brewster (II)]] and they had six children (Duxbury): Oliver (1709), Ichabod (1711), Elisha (1715), Seth (1720), Lot (1723) and Huldah (1726).

===Third Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994495/facts Mary Soule] was born ''prob.'' Duxbury abt 1701 and died aft 25 Mar 1752. She married Pembroke 5 Apr 1722 Freedom Chamberlain and they had eleven children (Pembroke): Nathaniel (1722), Benjamin (1724), Job (1725/6), Mary (1728 n.f.r.), Freedom (1730), Abigail (1732), Ruth (1734 n.f.r.), Rebecca (1736), John (1738-1742), Rachel (1741 n.f.r.) and John (1743).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994494/facts Rachel Soule] was born Duxbury abt 1707 and died Hanover 1 Oct 1797. She married Duxbury 26 Dec 1728 David Magoun and they had twelve children (Pembroke): Hannah (1729), David (1730-1735), Rachel (1732-1738), Rebecca (1734), Thomas (1736-1736), Mary (1737), Thomas (1740), James (1742), Abner (1743), Aaron (1744/5), Isaac (1746) and Rachel (1750).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994641/facts Abigail Tomson] was born Middleborough 4 Feb 1696/7 and died West Bridgewater 19 May 1786. She married Middleborough 27 Nov 1723 Jonathan Packard and they had five children (Bridgewater): Jonathan (1724-1726), Susanna (1726), Jacob (1728), Jonathan (1730) and Abigail (1735).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994640/facts Mercy Tomson] was born Middleborough 13 Oct 1699 and died there 4 Sep 1799. She married Middleborough 4 May 1721 Nehemiah Bennett and they had five children: Abigail (1723/4 m Jabez Soule & David Weston), Jacob (1725), William (1727), Martha (1733 m Nathan Darling) and Hannah (1735 m Thomas Savery).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994638/facts Lydia Tomson] was born Middleborough 22 Apr 1703 and died Cummington 15 Mar 1789. She married Middleborough 2 Feb 1725/6 John Packard and they had six children: Lydia (1726), Abel (1729), Abiah (1731), Abigail (1733), John (1735) and Barnabas (1737).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994635/facts Esther Tomson] was born Middleborough 18 Feb 1706/7 and died there 5 Jul 1776. She married Halifax 25 Oct 1737 Ebenezer Bennett and they had eight children: Patience (1738), John (1740), infant son (1741-1741), Esther (1742-1743), Lydia (1743-1743), infant dau. (1744-1744), infant dau. (1746-1746) and Ebenezer (1747).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994633/facts Hannah Tomson] was born Middleborough 10 Mar 1708/9 and died Abington 27 Nov 1787. She married Middleborough 21 Feb 1732/3 (Capt.) Ebenezer Reed and they had ten children: Ebenezer (1733-1740), William (1735), Ichabod (1738), Jonathan (1740), David (1740), Paul (1743-1743), Silas (1743-1744), Abigail (1745), Barnabas (1748) and Ebenezer (1751-1764).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994631/facts Mary Tomson] was born Middleborough 19 May 1711 and died Halifax 19 Jul 1769. She married Halifax 8 Nov 1739 Reuben Tomson and they had five children: Deborah (1740), Thomas (1741), Marcy (1745-1748), Abigail (1748-1757) and Lucy (1755).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994849/facts Mercy Peterson] was born Duxbury Oct 1699 and died there 27 Sep 1768. She married Duxbury 18 May 1721 [[Weston (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joseph Weston]] and they had nine children: Sarah (c1722), Jane (1725/6), Thomas (1726), Simeon (1728), Jacob (c1731), Ichabod (c1734), William (c1736), Abigail (c1738) and Zabdiel (son, c1742).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994847/facts Abigail Peterson] was born Duxbury abt 1707. She married Duxbury 25 Sep 1729 Abraham Pierce "Jr." and they had four children (order unknown): Hannah, Lemuel, Joseph and Abigail.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776994843/facts Anne Peterson] was born Duxbury abt 1712 and died bef 1783. She married Duxbury 7 Apr 1735 Nathaniel Dunham and they had five children: Elijah (1735), Hannah (1738), Susanna (1741), Rebecca (1742) and Abner (1746).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776997599/facts Ruth Sprague] was born Duxbury 22 Feb 1701/2 and died there bef Dec 1736.<ref>Widow filed intentions to remarry Scituate 18 Dec 1736.</ref> She married Duxbury 18 APr 1719 Samuel Keen(e) and they had eight children: William (1720), Josiah (1722-1725), Levi (1722), Abel (1724-1725), Grace (1726), Samuel (1729), Isaiah (1732) and Ruth (1734).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776997913/facts Zerviah (Zeruiah) Sprague] was born Duxbury 19 Dec 1704 and died there 10 Oct 1778. She married Duxbury 17 Mar 1732/3 Nathaniel Chandler and they had six children: Irene (1724), Mercy (1726), Caroline (1730), Ruth (1730), Zerviah (1735) and Lucy (1738).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776995062/facts Hopestill Peterson] was born Duxbury 20 Jan 1703/4 and died Kingston 27 Jul 1775. She married by 1723 [[Delano (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Joshua Delano]] and they had eleven children: Lydia (1723), infant son (1726-1726), infant daughter (1727-1727), Rhoda (1728), Thankful (1730), Silvia (1732), Hopestill (1735), Beza (dau, 1737), Martha (1739), Wealtha (1741) and Joshua (1744).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776995058/facts Lydia Peterson] was born Duxbury 22 Apr 1713 and died Pembroke 11 Nov 1771. She married Duxbury 26 Dec 1733 [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Aaron Soule]] and they had ten children: Rebecca (1734 unm.), Huldah (1736), Silvene/Silvina (1738), Lydia (1740), Alice (1744), Deborah (1745-1745), Lenity (dau. 1748-1749), Aaron (1749), Lenice (dau. 1753) and John (1754).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776995206/facts Huldah Brewster] was born Duxbury 20 Feb 1725/6 and died Hull 25 Apr 1750. She married Duxbury 13 Jun 1745 John Gould/Goold and they had three children: John (1746-1746), Huldah (1747) and Hopestill (1749-1749). There are no surviving mtDNA descendants for Huldah.

===Fourth Generation===
[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996296/facts Abigail Chamberlain] was born Pembroke 3 Nov 1732 and died bet 1779-1786. She married Plymouth 1758 Jeremiah Dillingham and they had five children: Abigail (1759-1759), Mary "Polly" (1760-1850 m Abel Allen), John (1762), Jeremiah (1764) and Isaac (1766).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996301/facts Rebecca Chamberlain] was born Pembroke 28 Feb 1726 and died Harvard 15 Sep 1818. She married Pembroke 29 Dec 1757 Nathaniel Ramsden/Ramsdell and they had nine children (all but youngest Pembroke; youngest Harvard): Freedom (bp 1759), Nehemiah (bp 1761), Nathaniel (bp 1763), Seth (bp 1766), Bartlett (bp 1768), Rebecca (bp 1771), Ezekiel (bp 1772), Betty (bp 1775) and Nabby (bp 1779).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996473/facts Hannah Magoun] was born Pembroke 13 Jul 1729 and died Hanover 23 Aug 1803. She married Pembroke 24 Jan 1745/6 [[Standish (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |David Standish]] and they had ten children: Lemuel (1746), Olive (1748 m Stockbridge Josselyn), Hannah (1750 unm.), Lucy (1754-bef 1766), Priscilla (1756 m Seth Josselyn), David (1758), James (1760-b1763), James (1763), Lucy (1766=bef 1793 likely unm.) and Mary (1771 unm.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996469/facts Rebecca Magoun] was born Pembroke 30 Jul 1734 and died there 7 Jan 1762. She married Pembroke 22 Aug 1761 Ebenezer Man(n) and they had four children: David (1752), Rebecca (1755 m Joshua Turner), Ebenezer (1757) and Betsey/Betty (1759 m Thomas Nash).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996467/facts Mary Magoun] was born Pembroke 19 Apr 1737 and died Lewiston, ME 23 Dec 1834. She married Pembroke 7 Jan 1762 Joseph Dwelly and they had seven children: Joseph (1764), Rachel (1765 m Rufus Flagg), Mary "Polly" (1768 m Jason Rice), Melzar (son, 1771), Hannah (1773 m John Harris Reed [II]), Lemuel (1774) and Alexander (1776).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776996462/facts Rachel Magoun] was born Pembroke 17 Sep 1750 and died Plympton 23 Sep 1786. She married Plympton 14 Nov 1771 Josiah Chandler and they had five children: Joseph James (1772), Josiah (1774-1780), Alden (1777), Rachel (1779 m Otis Thompson) and Lydia (1782 m Phillip Omey).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999165/facts Susanna Packard] was born Bridgewater 21 Feb 1726 and died there 29 Oct 1808. She married Bridgewater 26 Mar 1745 Charles Snell and they had eleven children: Mehitable (1745-1746), Bathsheba (1747-1748), Jonathan (1748), Silence (1750 m Ebenezer Howard), Charles (1753), Nathaniel (1755), Susanna (1757 m Abiel Harris), Hannah (1759 m Benjamin Chamberlain), Reuben (1761), Abigail (1765 m Leavitt Thayer) and Shepard (1770).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999161/facts Abigail Packard] was born Bridgewater 14 May 1735 and died bef 30 Sep 1802. She married Bridgewater 21 Jul 1752 (Lt.) Jonathan Perkins (II) and they had nine children: Jonathan (1753-1754), Abigail (1757 m Jonathan Cary), Jonathan (1758), Ruby (1761 m Alpheus Cary), Huldah (1762 unk. if marr.), George (1763), Susanna (bp 1766 m Enoch Perkins), Daniel (bp 1768) and Parnel (1780 unm.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999508/facts Abigail Bennett] was born Middleborough 5 Jan 1723/4 and died there 11 Oct 1801. She married twice, first Middleborough 17 Oct 1745 [[Soule (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |Jabez Soule]] then Plympton 11 Jul 1760 [[Weston (Y-DNA)#Third Generation |David Weston]]. By her first husband she had Three children: Jacob (1746), Mercy (1748 m Noah Cushman) and Jabez (1751-1751). By her second husband she had two more children: Susannah (1761 m Zenas Warren) and Abigail (1762 m Ebenezer Washburn).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999504/facts Martha Bennett] was born Middleborough 8 Dec 1733 and died there 12 May 1812. She married Middleborough 9 Jun 1768 Nathan Darling and they had five children: Elizabeth (1769 m ____ Sturtevant), Marcy (1770-1792 unm.), Nathan (1772), Bennet (1774) and John (1776-1776).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999503/facts Hannah Bennett] was born Middleborough 13 Jan 1735/6 and died Plympton (now Carver) 4 Mar 1769. She married Plympton 24 Oct 1765 (Dea.) Thomas Savery (II) and they had two children: Zilpah (1766 m William Cushman) and Mercy (1768 m Thomas Adams). There are no surviving mtDNA descendants for Hannah (Bennett) Savery.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999828/facts Lydia Packard} was born Bridgewater 27 Dec 1726 and died there 23 Jan 1762. She married Bridgewater 26 Mar 1754 Jesse Edson and they had four children: Rhoda (1749-1750), Metzar (son, 1751), Joseph (1755) and John (1760). As she had no surviving daughters, there are no surviving mtDNA line for Lydia (Packard) Edson.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999826/facts Abiah Packard] was born Bridgewater 5 Aug 1731 and died (No.) Bridgewater (now Brockton) 15 Sep 1770. She married Bridgewater 15/16 Dec 1750 Edward Southworth and they had nine children: Uriah (1752), Peres (1754), Desire (1756 m Ezekiel Learned), Edward (1758), Abiah (son, 1760), Bridget (1762 m Stephen Anderson), Lydia (1764 m Sylvanus Pratt), Avis (1768 m Eli Hamilton) and Fear (1770 unk. if marr.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776999825/facts Abigail Packard] was born Bridgewater 8 Oct 1733 and died aft 1772. She married Bridgewater 15 May 1766 George Packard and they had three children: Zadock (1768), Zebedee (1770-1777) and Abigail "Nabby" (1772 m Bartimeus Packard).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777000078/facts Patience Bennett] was born Middleborough 16 Sep 1738 and died there 11 Nov 1781. She married Middleborough 8 Oct 1769 Ebenezer Levy Bennett and they had eight children: Esther (1770 unk. if marr.), Hannah (1771 m Nathaniel Wilder), Philip (1773), Jacob (1774), Livy (son, 1776-1777), Deborah (1778-1778), Patience (1780 unk. if marr.) and Zephaniah.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777000433/facts Abigail Reed] was born Abington 10 Apr 1745 and died there 17 Feb 1834. She married Abington 24 Feb 1766 Jacob Dyer and they had six children: Jacob (1766-1771), Mary (1769 m Jacob Morse, but prob. no daughters), Mehitable (1771-1776), Jacob (1774-1775), Jacob (1776) and Joseph (1779). It appears there are no surviving mtDNA descendants for Abigail (Reed) Dyer.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001239/facts Deborah Tomson] was born Halifax 27 Jul 1740 and died Abington 14 May 1805. She married Halifax 24 Oct 1768 Micah Reed and they had nine children: Delight (1769 m William Rounds), Susannah (1770 m David Gloyd), Mehitable (1771 m Seth Hunt), Enoch (1773), Seth (1776), Ruth (1778 m Bela Blanchard), Noah (1781) and Abigail (1784 m Elisha Cranson).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001235/facts Lucy Tomson] was born Halifax 4 Dec 1775 and died there 5 Jan 1818. She married Halifax 2 May 1776 Thomas Drew. While the Francis Cooke Silver Book only listed two children who died young (Nancy and Stephen) they had other known children: Thomas and George (both of their death records identified their parents as Thomas & Lucy Drew of Halifax). In addition, the 1833 will of Mary Drew "singlewoman" of Boston names her brothers Thomas & George (both of Halifax), brother Cephas (of Westford) and sister Jane Cook, wife of Isaac Cook of Brookline. Jane & Isaac only had two sons so there are no surviving mtDNA descendants of Lucy (Tomson) Drew.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001805/facts Sarah Weston] was born Duxbury 2 Mar 1722/3 and died bef Jul 1779. She married Duxbury 4 Nov 1743 John Chandler and they had four children: Rebecca (1749 m David Oldham), Candace (1751 likely unm.), Elizabeth (1756 m John Oldham) and Abel (1758).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001802/facts Jane "Jeney" Weston] was born Duxbury 21 Jan 1725/6 and died there 5 Sep 1799. She married Duxbury 28 Apr 1748 Thomas Hunt (II) and they had six children: Abigail (c1752 m Ichabod Kent), Asenith "Sena" (c1753 unk. if marr.), Thomas (1761), Melzar (son, 1762-1769), Jenny (1764-1766) and Anna (c1768 likely unm.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001797/facts Abigail Weston] was born Duxbury 15 Mar 1738/9 and died there 7 Aug 1812. She married Duxbury 20 Dec 1764 Enoch Freeman and they had eight children: Abigail (1765 m Amasa Sturtevant), Enoch Weston (1767), William (1769), Lydia (1771 m Nathaniel Soule), Daniel (1773), Sarah (1775 m [Dea.] Martin Sampson), Weston (1777) and Mary "Polly" (1779 m James T. Loring). Today, there are no surviving mtDNA descendants of Abigail (Weston) Freeman.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262778901923/facts Alice Pierce] was ''prob.'' born Pembroke abt 1733 and died by 1778. She married abt 1754 Thomas Damon and they had nine children: Peleg (1755), Gamaliel (1756), Abigail (1758 m Daniel Record), Releaf (c1764 m Araunah Sampson), Jonathan (1766), Alice (1766 unm.), Ezekiel (1772-1778), Mercy (1774 m Stephen Sampson) and Hannah (c1775 unk. if marr.) Today there are no surviving mtDNA descendants of Alice (Pierce) Damon.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777001939/facts Hannah Pierce] was baptized Pembroke 22 May 1737 and died prob. Duxbury sometime after 1 May 1806. She married Duxbury 4 Dec 1760 William Simmons and they had four known children:<ref>The 1790 Census of Duxbury enumerated seven females in the household, so it is likely Hannah & William had more daughters, whose identity are currently Unknown.</ref> Abigail (c1763-1784 unm.), William (1764), Seth (1769) and Huldah (c1772-1791 unm.)

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002214/facts Hannah Dunham] was born Plymouth 27 Jan 1738/9 and died there 25 Aug 1798. She married Plymouth 3 Dec 1775 William Cuffs and they had ''at least'' the following: William (1776), Hannah Wadsworth (1781 m David Ripley) and Mary Williams (1784 m Gideon Bisbee<ref>Gideon died in 1810. It is currently unknown whether Mary remarried or whether she had any children.</ref>).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002213/facts Susanna Dunham] was born Plymouth 14 Nov 1741 and died bef 10 Apr 1796. She married thrice, first int Plymouth 23 Jan 1762 Richard Kimball then Plymouth 24 Sep 1769 William Straffin, finally Plymouth 28 Apr 1777 Samuel Dutch (no ch.) By her first husband she had: infant son (1763-1764). By her second husband she had four more children: William (1770), George (1771), Lucy (1773-1773) and Samuel (1775). In conclusion, there is no surviving mtDNA line for Susanna.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002212/facts Rebecca/Rebekah Dunham] was born Plymouth abt 1754 and died there 10 Aug 1840. She married twice, first Plymouth 26 Aug 1778 John Chase then Plymouth 29 Mar 1787 Noah Gale (no ch). By her first husband she had three children: Rebecca (c1779 unk. if marr.), John (1781) and ''poss.'' Elizabeth (c1786 m Jacob Cushing [II] but they had no children).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776997990/facts Grace Keene] was born Pembroke 26 Jan 1726 and died there 3 Jun 1772. She married Pembroke 23 Aug 1744 Jabez Cole and they had eight children: West (1745), Nathaniel (1747), Abel (1749), Abigail (1754 m Levi Soule & Cornelius Turner), Isaiah (1757), Ruth (1762 m George Leissner), William (1765) and Cephas (1768).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776998122/facts Ruth Keene] was born Pembroke 18 Apr 1734 and died there 12 Dec 1795. She married Pembroke 25 Oct 1759 John Leavitt and they had six children: Margaret (1760 m Jesse Delano), Sarah "Salley" (1761 m James Barstow), Joanna (1763 no further record), Gad (1767), Solomon (1774) and Laban (1780).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002906/facts Irene Chandler] was born Duxbury 6 Apr 1724 and died there 6 Apr 1754. She married Lebanon 29 Jun 1747 Mason Wattles and they had five children: Judith/Judah (1748 ''poss.'' m Jonathan Preston), Nathaniel (1750), Mason (1752), Zerviah (1754 m Israel Damon) and Chandler (1754).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002750/facts Mercy Chandler] was born Duxbury abt 1726 and died there 28 Oct 1715. She married thrice, first Duxbury 18 Feb 1745/6 Peleg Sprague, then Duxbury abt 1757 Phineas Sprague, finally Duxbury Aug 1781 Ichabod Simmons (no ch.) By her first husband she had three children: Nathaniel (1747), Peleg (1751-1756) and John. By her second husband she had four more children: Peleg (1758), Seth (1760), Mercy (1763 m John Chandler) and Ruth (1775 m John Burgess).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262778888169/facts Caroline Chandler] was born Duxbury abt 1729 and died Minot (now Auburn), ME 28 Jun 1795. She married Duxbury 21 Nov 1752 (Dea.) Joseph Freeman (II) and they had six children: Olive (1752 m James Shaw), Irene (1756 m (Rev. Dr.) Zedekiah Sangar), Chandler (1756), Samuel (1758), Joseph (1762) and Sarah (1762 m Ira Wadsworth).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002749/facts Ruth Chandler] was born Duxbury abt 1730 and died there 7 Dec 1819. She married Duxbur 19 Dec 1748 Nathaniel Burgess and they had twelve children: Jacob (1748), Nathaniel (1750), Patience (1752 m Malachi Delano), Thomas (1756), Ruth (1758 m Abner Sampson [II]), Lucia/Lucy (1760 m Benjamin Pierce & James Glass [II]), William (1762), John (1765), Marcy (1767 m John Taylor), Nathan (1769), Rebecca (1772 m Jesse Ballou) and Zerviah/Zeruiah (1775 m Joseph Sampson).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002908/facts Zerviah/Zeruiah] Chandler was born Duxbury abt 1735 and died Colchester, CT 12 May 1790. She married twice, first Colchester, CT 20 May 1754 (Capt.) Hubbell Wells and they had ten children: Irena (1756), Zerviah/Zeruiah (1759), Lucy (1761), Ruby (1763), Jonathan (1765), Mary (1768), Mabel (1770), Hubbell (1770), Joel (1773) and Chad (1775-1775).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777002751/facts Lucy Chandler] was born Duxbury 21 Jun 1738 and died Halifax, VT 4 Mar 1837. She married Colchester, CT 9 Feb 1762 Stephen Otis and they had twelve children: Arunah (son 1763), Caroline (1764), Calvin (1766), Elce/Alice (1768), Chandler (1770), Lucy (1772), James (1773-1774), Stephen (1773), Seth (1777), Nathaniel (1778), James (1780) and Joseph (1782).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009358/facts Lydia Delano] was born Duxbury 12 Jul 1723 and died Kingston 22 Oct 1809. She married Duxbury 5 Nov 1743 (Capt.) Thomas Prince and they had seven children: Sylvia (1747 d.y), Abigail (1747), Thankful (1749), Thomas (1756), James (1758), Lydia (1762) and Sylvia (1765).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009355/facts Rhoda Delano] was born Duxbury 4 Jul 1728 and died there 1 Jul 1799. She married Duxbury 18 Feb 1745/6 Samuel Winsor and they had ten children: Nathaniel (1747), Joshua (1749), Samuel (1751), William (1753), John (1756), James (1759-1767), Peter (1761), Rhoda (1764), Betsey (1768) and James (1770).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009353/facts Silvia Delano] was born Duxbury 22 Jan 1732/3 and died Kingston 19 Mar 1812. She married Kingston 27 Dec 1752 Charles Foster and they had four children: Lucy (1753-1753), infant son (1754-1754), Lucy (1756 unm.) and James (1759). Thus there is no surviving matrilineal line for Silvia.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009351/facts Beza Delano] was born Duxbury 24 Nov 1737 and died Kingston abt 1774. She married twice, first int. Plymouth 29 Mar 1754 Benjamin Allen (II) then cert. Kingston 24 Dec 1768 Samuel Drew. By her first husband she had two children: Benjamin (1755) and Oliver (1757-1757). By her second husband she had one more child: Beza (1773-1777). Since her only daughter died young, there is no surviving matrilineal line for Beza.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009349/facts Martha Delano] was born Duxbury 21 Sep 1739 and died Woolwich, ME 13 May 1820. She married Kingston 31 Jul 1760 (Lieut.) Robert Cushman (III) and they had ten children: Robert (1761), Mercy (1762), Hopestill (son, 1764), Joshua (1766), Martha (1769), Beza (son, 1771-1772), Kenelam (1773), Job (1774), Leonisa (1778) and Francis (1781).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009359/facts Welthea Delano] was born Duxbury 7 Dec 1741 and died Kingston 27 Apr 1783. She married 1760 Peabody Bradford and they had ten children: Lewis (1761), Ira (1763), Pamelia (1764), Charles (1767), Cynthia (1770), Joanna (1772), Sylvia (1774), Welthia (1776-1778), Lucy (1778) and Ira (1783).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009652/facts Huldah Soule] was born Pembroke 27 Sep 1736 and died Kingston 31 May 1802. She married Scituate 24 Feb 1760 (Capt.) Thomas Church but they had no surviving children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009651/facts Silvene/Silvina Soule] was born Pembroke 8 Jul 1738 and died Plainfield, CT 10 Aug 1755. She married Pembroke 3 May 1753 Nathan Thomas (II) but they had no children.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009656/facts Lydia Soule] was born Pembroke 4 Apr 1740 and died there 20 Apr 1819. She married Pembroke 24 Feb 1763 Jedediah Dwelley (II) and they had six children: Charles (1764), Huldah (1768), Lucy (1770), Charles (1774), George (1777) and Lydia (1778).

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262777009654/factsLeonice Soul3] was born Pembroke 4 Jan 1753 and died there 11 Feb 1825. She married Pembroke 21 Nov 1771 Isaac Brewster and they had two sons: Pelham (1773) and Spencer (1778). Since she had no daughters, there is no surviving mtDNA line.

[https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262778574057/facts Huldah Goold/Gould] was born Hull 29 Aug 1747 and died there 23 Jul 1820. She married Hull int 11 Dec 1783 Samuel Loring (II) and they had four children: Samuel (1784), Huldah Brewster (1786 unm.), John Godfrey (1788) and Jane (1790-1791). In conclusion, there is no surviving matrilineal line for Hopestill, daughter of Abigail Andrews & (Dea.) John Wadsworth.

<references />

==mtDNA Results ''TBD''==
To date no known matrilineal/mtDNA descendants of Abigail ANDREWS Wadsworth have mtDNA tested and have published their results. Folks who believe they are matrilineal descendants are encouraged to full mtDNA test and to contact MayflowerDNA1620@gmail.com

<references />

==References and External Links==
* Throop, Louise Walsh, ''Mayflower Families in Progress, George Soule'' (multi-volume), General Society of Mayflower Descendants
* [https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/210985962/person/262776993258/facts Abigail Andrews mtDNA tree (work in progress)]